1. PERSONALITY FACTORS ELT DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH DR. ABDELRAHIM HAMID MUGADDAM

2. Different learners learn differently Visual and Auditory styles: preference that learners usually show in a formal classroom either visual or auditory. Cross-cultural differences: Japanese least auditory oriented than Chinese and Arabic students Korean: more visually oriented than native English –speaking American

9. COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES A. Avoidance strategies 1.Message abandonment: leaving a message incomplete 2.Topic avoidance: avoiding topic areas or concepts that pose language difficulties.

13. PERSONALITY FACTORS Self-Esteem: self confidence, knowledge of oneself (global stable among mature adults & situational--self appraisal, and task) Inhibition: ego protection, Language ego Risk-taking Anxiety Empathy: ‘is the process of putting yourself into someone else’s shoes’ to understand what another person is feeling

14. Extroversion: extroverted person is perceived as life of the party person. A person who has a deep-seated need to receive ego enhancement, self-esteem, and a sense of wholeness from other peope. Introvert: quiet and reserved

15. MOTIVATION Integrative instrumental