1. Introduction to Matter

2. Phases of Matter Solid Liquid Gas Plasma
Hotdog, car, person, spaceship
Liquid
Water, tears, soda, mercury
Gas
Oxygen, vapor, certain smells
Plasma
Lightning, stars

3. SOLID
Definite shape
Definite volume
Cannot be compressed

4. LIQUID Definite volume Cannot be compressed
Liquids take the shape of their container, therefore they have no definite shape.

5. GAS No definite shape No definite volume Can be easily compressed
Takes the shape of its container
No definite volume
Spreads out evenly into the space it occupies
Can be easily compressed

6. Atomic Molecules Solids: Liquids: Gases:
atomic molecules move extremely slowly; they vibrate only.
Liquids:
atomic molecules move faster than in a solid, but not as fast as in a gas.
Gases:
atomic molecules move very quickly, colliding with one another and ricocheting off in various directions.

7. Energy Requirements
It takes increased energy to change from a solid to a liquid or a liquid to a gas.
When energy decreases, gases change to liquids, and liquids change to solids.

8. Water
Solid:
Ice
Liquid:
Water
Gas
Steam

9. Plasma – the 4th Phase of Matter
Plasmas are similar to gases, but the atoms, the building blocks of matter, are different.
Plasma molecules move extremely fast, much faster than gas molecules.

10. Examples of Plasma Natural examples: Man-made examples:
Northern Lights
Lightning
Man-made examples:
florescent lights
neon signs.

11. Can you answer these questions?
What are the 4 phases of matter?
Can you give at least one example for each phase?
How do phases of matter change from one phase to another?
Can you describe the molecular movement of each phase of matter?
What is the least common phase found on Earth?
Which phase has a definite volume, but no definite shape, what phase is it?
Which phase can be easily compressed?