1. Symbolism
Layers of Meaning

2. What is a symbol?
A symbol is an ordinary object, person, place, animal, or event that stands for something beyond itself – often an idea.

3. We use a rectangle of dyed cloth to symbolize a country.
For example…
We use a rectangle of dyed cloth to symbolize a country.

4. We use a picture of a skull and crossbones to symbolize poison or danger.
We send red roses as a symbol of love.

5. Where Do Symbols Come From?
Symbols can be inherited or invented.
The most familiar symbols have been inherited, meaning they have been handed down over time. They are “universal.”

6. Example of Inherited Symbol
No one really knows who first thought of using a lion as a symbol of power, courage, and domination
Once these qualities were associated with the animal, images of lions appeared on flags, banners, coats of arms and castle walls
The lion became a universal symbol that shows up in art and literature, even today

7. People throughout history have endowed ordinary objects with meanings far beyond their simple meaning:
Five linked rings symbolize the Olympics
A crown symbolizes royalty
An olive branch symbolizes peace

8. For example: Peter Pan is a symbol for eternal childhood or innocence.
Invented Symbols
Writers often take a new object, character, event, or animal and make it represent some idea or emotion.
For example: Peter Pan is a symbol for eternal childhood or innocence.

9. What is the symbol for our school?
Invented Symbols
What is the symbol for our school?

10. Why writers don’t just come right out and say what they mean?
Why Create Symbols?
Why writers don’t just come right out and say what they mean?
Symbols allow writers to suggest layers and layers of meaning -- possibilities that a simple, literal statement could never convey.
A symbol is like a pebble cast into a pond: It sends out ever widening ripples of meaning

11. How do I know if it’s a symbol?
Repeat appearances
Seems to be connected with a particular character or event
Author spends a long time describing it