2. Zoologist

3. 1. Caribou and Reindeer 2. Musk Ox 3. Arctic Hare

4. 1. Grizzly Bear 2. Polar Bear 3. Arctic fox

5. 1. Arctic Wolf 2. Snowy Owl 3. Dunlin

6. Herbivore Adaptations

7. Caribou  Caribou eat a variety of plants  They inhabit forest. They also migrate a lot.

8. Musk Ox  Hooves are capable of breaking ice so they can get water.  Thick fur keeps them warm.  Very good eyes, can see in dark and daylight.  Horns scare off predators.

9. Arctic Hare  Claws good for hard packed snow  Feet are thickly packed with fur  Coat grows larger and thicker for the Winter  They are very difficult to spot in the snow.  They form large groups  They guard each other

10. Omnivore Adaptations

11. Grizzly Bear  They hibernate during the winter  They hunt at rapids

12. Polar Bear  Pads to protect their feet  Good traction on ice  Fur keeps them warm while swimming in cold  Shakes free water or ice after swimming  No water can enter their ears  Helps conserve body warmth

13. Arctic Fox  Hard to see in snow  Thick coat of fur for winter

14. Carnivores Adaptations

15. Arctic Wolf  Powerful legs to run long distances  Claws to grip ice, tear, rip, and flesh.  Very good sense of smell makes it easier to hunt  Fur protects them from cold  They have camouflage for hunting.

16. Snowy Owl  Their wings provide heat  Claws to catch prey  Camouflage in winter

17. Dunlin  Dunlin's eat a variety of food

20. Decomposer

21.  Decomposer  the caribou moss One role it does is it can be eaten by caribou or reindeer, and they go a long time without water so they can be eaten. Another role it plays is, that it has carbohydrates to keep warm. With out that caribou and reindeer would die and that would ruin the food chain.

23.  Biotic and Abiotic factors  Biotic  mosses to feed on in the winter Shrubs, and grasses as well as moss and a variety of lichens are some of the many living organisms in the Tundea. These organisms contain good nutrients which are vital for any environment. The Primary consumers eat these plants to stay alive. Abiotic Oxygen and carbon dioxide help living organisms to stay alive in the Arctic regions. Ice is the most common property in the Arctic region. It is extremely cold but the Arctic wolf is designed to survive the harsh conditions.

24. http://cornforthimages.com/product- category/wildlife/cervidae/caribou/ http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muskox#/media/File:Ovibos_moschatus_ qtl3.jpg http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/arctic- hare/ http://lakela.deviantart.com/gallery/42670273/White-Sitting-Wolves http://animal-kid.com/snowy-owl-with-blue-eyes.html http://greglasley.com/dunlin.html http://www.today.com/pets/siku-polar-bear-cub-takes-snow-break- 223087 http://www.ejphoto.com/arctic_fox_page.htm http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_musk_ox%27s_adaptations http://www.aitc.sk.ca/saskschools/arctic/Ahare.html

25. http://t.answers.com/answers/#!/entry/how-is-the-tundra-wolf- adapted-to-the-tundra,505fc57d444f678947739ea5/2 http://www.aitc.sk.ca/saskschools/arctic/snowyowl.html http://identify.whatbird.com/obj/249/_/Dunlin.aspx http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_behavioral_adaptations_of_a_g rizzly_bear http://adaptations.tripod.com/polarbear.html http://www.exploringnature.org/db/detail.php?dbID=5&detID=1 http://tundrabiome3.weebly.com/the-food-chain.html http://thetundra.yolasite.com/energy-flow.php http://mignonviljoenthearcticwolf.weebly.com/abiotic-and-biotic- components.html

27. Meteorologist

28.  In the Tundra the average yearly precipitation including the melting snow is 15 to 25 centimeters  The average winter temperature is -34 degrees Farinheight  The Average summer temperature is -30 to 50 degrees Farinheight  The Tundra is the coldest of all biomes http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/tundra.htm http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/tundra.htm

29.  It has extremely cold temperatures and it has very low precipitation  Air pressure is caused by the combined weight of the column of air directly above a point on the earth  Humidity refers to the amount of water vapor in air. All air contains at least some water vapor  In the Tundra the sun barely rises and it is really dark out

30. http://www.commondreams.org/views/2013/09/03/why-global- warming

31.  In the Tundra the weather patterns are that the usual weather is around -20 to -30 degrees (In the winter)  The weather is so cold because in the Tundra the sun barely rises and it is very dark when it does not rise  Some more weather patterns are around 10 degrees Celsius (In the Summer)

32. https://anttihaataja.wordpress.com/2013/01/06/polar-night-in- tundra/

33.  The Arctic Tundra is changing dramatically due to global warming  The permafrost is contributing to global warming  With global warming, the fall freeze comes later and more of the permafrost is melting in the Tundra  In much of the Tundra it is frozen all year round  Estimates suggest that the Earth’s carbon is tied up in the permafrost

34. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/g loss5/biome/tundra.html

35.  in Arctic Tundra  low shrubs  sedges

36.  reindeer mosses  liverworts  grasses

37.  In Alpine Tundra the plants are  Tussock grasses  dwarf trees  Pasque Flower

38.  small-leafed shrubs  and heaths

39.  Arctic Tundra and Alpine Tundra are not that different arctic is just a little colder.

40. The plants have adapted to the wind blowing hard and soil messing up. The plants are short and are next to each other to resist low temperatures and are protected by the snow. Photosynthesis is brought out at low temperatures. They do not have a lot of sun light because the sun does not come out until later in the day.

41.  The roots could not go deep, so there are only plants that have small roots, that is way small plants are there.

42.  In winter, it is a average of -34 degrees Celsius and in the summer it is 3 to 12 degrees Celsius