1. CO-COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC FOOD WASTE AND GARDEN ORGANICS; what’s it going to cost? CO-COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC FOOD WASTE AND GARDEN ORGANICS; what’s it going to cost? Waste Pathways: Outlook 2007 23 March 2007 John Comrie

2. CO-COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC FOOD WASTE AND GARDEN ORGANICS ZWSA commissioned preparation of business case to raise awareness ZWSA commissioned preparation of business case to raise awareness engaged JAC Comrie Pty Ltd in conjunction with TJH Management Services Pty Ltd (T Hockley) and Sustainable Outcomes ( T Bruun) engaged JAC Comrie Pty Ltd in conjunction with TJH Management Services Pty Ltd (T Hockley) and Sustainable Outcomes ( T Bruun) report not yet finalised - views expressed are consultants’, not ZWSA’s, and preliminary report not yet finalised - views expressed are consultants’, not ZWSA’s, and preliminary

3. CO-COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC FOOD WASTE AND GARDEN ORGANICS based on latest ZWSA audit, 3 bin system with fortnightly collection of garden organics achieves highest landfill diversion based on latest ZWSA audit, 3 bin system with fortnightly collection of garden organics achieves highest landfill diversion typically currently recovers and therefore avoids disposing to landfill approximately 55% of material presented for collection typically currently recovers and therefore avoids disposing to landfill approximately 55% of material presented for collection

4. CO-COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC FOOD WASTE AND GARDEN ORGANICS Modest further improvements in landfill diversion could be achieved by: greater educational focus on recycling greater educational focus on recycling encouraging all councils to provide a three bin system encouraging all councils to provide a three bin system encouraging all councils to collect green organics fortnightly encouraging all councils to collect green organics fortnightly

5. CO-COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC FOOD WASTE AND GARDEN ORGANICS food waste represents biggest opportunity to achieve significant additional diversion from landfill of domestic waste food waste represents biggest opportunity to achieve significant additional diversion from landfill of domestic waste co-collection of food waste with green organics can be readily accommodated in technical sense with existing green organics collection systems co-collection of food waste with green organics can be readily accommodated in technical sense with existing green organics collection systems

6. CO-COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC FOOD WASTE AND GARDEN ORGANICS Burnside experience & elsewhere in Aust evaluated, in particular regarding container container corn starch bags corn starch bags frequency of collection frequency of collection open windrow composting open windrow composting Concluded Burnside model well worth pursuing

7. CO-COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC FOOD WASTE AND GARDEN ORGANICS Different councils: have some differences in actual costs (operating conditions) have some differences in actual costs (operating conditions) measure costs differently (eg cost of capital and treatment of overheads) measure costs differently (eg cost of capital and treatment of overheads)

8. CO-COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC FOOD WASTE AND GARDEN ORGANICS study based on marginal costs and recognises capital has a real (net of inflation) cost study based on marginal costs and recognises capital has a real (net of inflation) cost recognises need for fortnightly green organics collection service recognises need for fortnightly green organics collection service

9. ADDITIONAL COST IF HAVE EXISTING FORTNIGHTLY GREEN ORGANICS bio bin $0.77 bio bin $0.77 corn starch bags $10.50 corn starch bags $10.50 processing green + kitchen waste $5.98 processing green + kitchen waste $5.98 promotion and advertising $2.50 promotion and advertising $2.50 avoided landfill cost (Direct): ($3.44) avoided landfill cost (Direct): ($3.44) Total Cost per hh pa$16.31 Total Cost per hh pa$16.31

10. ADDITIONAL COST IF HAVE EXISTING FORTNIGHTLY GREEN ORGANICS bio bin $0.77 bio bin $0.77 corn starch bags $10.50 corn starch bags $10.50 processing green + kitchen waste $5.98 processing green + kitchen waste $5.98 promotion and advertising $2.50 promotion and advertising $2.50 avoided landfill cost (WTS): ($4.56) avoided landfill cost (WTS): ($4.56) Total Cost per hh pa$15.19 Total Cost per hh pa$15.19 diversion increases to approx 66% diversion increases to approx 66%

11. ADDITIONAL COST IF HAVE EXISTING FORTNIGHTLY GREEN ORGANICS generic bin<$0.77 generic bin<$0.77 NO corn starch bags NO corn starch bags processing green + kitchen waste $4.94 processing green + kitchen waste $4.94 promotion and advertising $2.50 promotion and advertising $2.50 avoided landfill cost (Direct): ($2.29) avoided landfill cost (Direct): ($2.29) Total Cost per hh pa<$5.92 Total Cost per hh pa<$5.92 amenity & food waste diversion reduces amenity & food waste diversion reduces

12. ADDITIONAL COST IF HAVE EXISTING FORTNIGHTLY GREEN ORGANICS generic bin<$0.77 generic bin<$0.77 NO corn starch bags NO corn starch bags processing green + kitchen waste $4.94 processing green + kitchen waste $4.94 promotion and advertising $2.50 promotion and advertising $2.50 avoided landfill cost (WTS): ($3.04) avoided landfill cost (WTS): ($3.04) Total Cost per hh pa<$5.17 Total Cost per hh pa<$5.17 amenity & food waste diversion reduces amenity & food waste diversion reduces

13. ADDITIONAL COST IF HAVE EXISTING FOUR WEEKLY GREEN ORGANICS Cost as per first scenario$15.19 – $16.31 Cost as per first scenario$15.19 – $16.31 Additional GO collections$10.14 Additional GO collections$10.14 Total Cost per hh pa$25.33 - $26.45 Total Cost per hh pa$25.33 - $26.45 green organics diversion increases green organics diversion increases

14. ADDITIONAL COST IF NO CURRENT GREEN ORGANICS SERVICE Cost as per first scenario$15.19 – $16.31 Cost as per first scenario$15.19 – $16.31 Introduce GO collections$33.02 Introduce GO collections$33.02 Total Cost per hh pa$48.21 - $49.33 Total Cost per hh pa$48.21 - $49.33 green organics diversion increases green organics diversion increases

15. COST IF HAVE EXISTING FORTNIGHTLY GREEN ORGANICS AND SWITCH TO FORTNIGHTLY RESIDUAL WASTE bio bin $0.77 bio bin $0.77 corn starch bags $10.50 corn starch bags $10.50 process green + kitchen waste $7.02 process green + kitchen waste $7.02 promotion and advertising $2.50 promotion and advertising $2.50 avoided landfill cost ($8.03) – ($10.65) avoided landfill cost ($8.03) – ($10.65) Collection savings($14.30) Collection savings($14.30) Total Savingsper hh pa($1.54) – ($4.16) Total Savingsper hh pa($1.54) – ($4.16) diversion increases to approx 77% diversion increases to approx 77%

16. FORTNIGHTLY GREEN ORGANICS AND SWITCH TO FORTNIGHTLY RESIDUAL WASTE not suitable for split-bin system (recyclables exceed available capacity) not suitable for split-bin system (recyclables exceed available capacity) further increases diversion of food waste and other recyclables from landfill further increases diversion of food waste and other recyclables from landfill

17. COST IF HAVE EXISTING FORTNIGHTLY GREEN ORGANICS AND SWITCH TO FORTNIGHTLY RESIDUAL WASTE Over time savings likely to increase further, eg; technology & market forces technology & market forces education & environmental awareness increases yields education & environmental awareness increases yields if waste levy rises if waste levy rises

18. CO-COLLECTION OF DOMESTIC FOOD WASTE AND GARDEN ORGANICS Conclusion: can be introduced with financial savings if community perceives environmental benefits and accepts these require change in behaviour can be introduced with financial savings if community perceives environmental benefits and accepts these require change in behaviour if introduce & retain weekly disposal of residual waste, cost of approx $16/hh/pa represents approx 1.7% ave increase in rates if introduce & retain weekly disposal of residual waste, cost of approx $16/hh/pa represents approx 1.7% ave increase in rates