1. © Lemyre et. al., 2007 Building Communities Resilient to Crime, Disasters and Violent Extremism Lemyre*, L., Buré, P., Markon, M-P., Gibson, S., Carroll, A., Boutette, P. Louise Lemyre, Ph.D., FRSC School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences Director of Groupe dAnalyse Psychosociale de la santé, GAP-Santé McLaughlin Research Chair on Psychosocial Aspects of Risk and Health Centre on Governance and Institute of Population Health University of Ottawalouise.lemyre@uOttawa.ca February 25, 2008

2. © Lemyre et. al., 2007 2 PART I: Posing the Problem of Occurrence and Consequence PART I: Posing the Problem of Occurrence and Consequence Crime, Disaster and Extremism Crime, Disaster and Extremism A Comprehensive Risk Approach A Comprehensive Risk Approach Occurrences and Consequences Occurrences and Consequences Damage and Ripple Effects Damage and Ripple Effects Probability and Vulnerability Probability and Vulnerability Mitigation and Prevention Psychosocial Risk Assessment and Management Framework PART II: Posing Resilience as part of the Solution PART II: Posing Resilience as part of the Solution What is resilience What is resilience Resilient Communities Resilient Communities How do we build Resilience How do we build Resilience Ethnicity, Diversity and Community Resilience Ethnicity, Diversity and Community Resilience PART III: Moving Towards Building Community Resilience PART III: Moving Towards Building Community Resilience The P-RAM as A Tool The Canadian Experience The Canadian Experience Current initiatives Current initiatives Gaps and Challenges Gaps and Challenges Next Steps and a Plan Forward Next Steps and a Plan Forward

3. © Lemyre et. al., 2007 3 Crime, Disasters, Violent Extremism Characteristics Familiarity Familiarity Maliciousness Maliciousness Predictability Predictability Recurrence Recurrence Warning period Warning period Preventable Preventable Magnitude Magnitude Duration Duration Effects Effects Response Response Terrorism

4. © Lemyre et. al., 2007 4 The Psychosocial-RAM Framework Risk factors Protective factors Protective factors Population Situation Intervention Effect Time Hazard OccurencePsycho-Social Consequence

5. © Lemyre et. al., 2007 5 Tier model – impact areas in society First Tier: Health Second Tier: Societal services People Livestock Crops Police, health care, fire brigade, reserves Infrastructure Government Police & law Health Food & agro Industrial production Water & energy Leisure Other Social networks Third Tier: Economic & Political well being Economic health Rule stability Political will endurance Shock resistance Societal trust EU-ASSRBCVUL, 2006

6. © Lemyre et. al., 2007 6 Management options: Mitigation and Prevention Aftercare Containment Preparation Pro-active Preventive Terrorist Action 1 st tier effects 2 nd tier effects 3 rd tier effects Occurrence Management (Threat focused) Consequence Management (Effect focused) EU-ASSRBCVUL, 2006

7. © Lemyre et. al., 2007 7

8. 8 Effects Individual Level Collective Levels IndividualFamilyOrganizationCommunitySociety Information- seeking CDC - Anthrax Helping behaviour Good Samaritan - TK Donations -Chernobyl Social cohesion Divorce rates -Oklahoma Social support Transportation - LDN Trust / Public confidence Physicians - Anthrax Brentwood - Anthrax Psychosocial Effects by Population Level

9. © Lemyre et. al., 2007 9 Appendix: Preliminary Compedium of Canadian Research and Initiatives ORGANIZATIONPEOPLEINITIATIVE ACADEMIC CrimeU of OttawaDirector: Irvin Waller (Also on CPO Board) Institute for the Prevention of Crime http://www.sciencessociales.uottawa.ca/ipc/eng/ipc.asp IPC National Working Group Recommendations http://www.sciencessociales.uottawa.ca/ipc/eng/recomm_net_working_group.asp Simon Fraser University Director: Patricia Brantingham Institute for Canadian Urban Research Studies http://www.sfu.ca/icurs/ Carleton UniversityCo-directors: Tullio Caputo & Katherine Kelly Centre for Initiatives on Youth, Children and Community http://www.carleton.ca/cicyc/index.html Paper: T. Caputo, K. Kelly, W. Jamieson & L. Hart. A Portrait of Sustainable Crime Prevention in Selected Canadian Communities, 2004: Highlights: http://ww4.ps- sp.gc.ca/en/library/publications/research/portrait/vol1/highlights.html Vol. 1: Main Report: http://ww4.ps-sp.gc.ca/en/library/publications/research/portrait/vol1/index.html Vol. 2: Community Profiles: http://ww4.ps-sp.gc.ca/en/library/publications/research/portrait/vol2/index.htmlhttp://ww4.ps- sp.gc.ca/en/library/publications/research/portrait/vol1/highlights.htmlhttp://ww4.ps-sp.gc.ca/en/library/publications/research/portrait/vol1/index.htmlhttp://ww4.ps-sp.gc.ca/en/library/publications/research/portrait/vol2/index.html University of Toronto Acting Director: Mariana Valverde Centre of Criminology http://www.criminology.utoronto.ca/ Book: B. Fischer & S. Wortley (Priority Leader for Metropolis Justice, Policing and Security). An Evaluation of the Toronto John School Diversion Program, 2002: http://www.criminology.utoronto.ca/publications/90-x.htmlhttp://www.criminology.utoronto.ca/publications/90-x.html Director: David HulchanskiCentre for Urban and Community Studies http://www.urbancentre.utoronto.ca/ DisasterUniversity of British Columbia Director: Tim McDanielsEcoRisk Research Unit (within the Institute for Resources and Environment) http://www.erru.ires.ubc.ca/index.html

10. © Lemyre et. al., 2007 10 To a Violent Event (crime, disaster, terrorism)

11. © Lemyre et. al., 2007 11 In a context, With pandemic, flooding, wild fires, mad cow…

12. © Lemyre et. al., 2007 12 Louise Lemyre, Ph.D., FRSC School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences Director of Groupe dAnalyse Psychosociale de la santé, GAP-Santé McLaughlin Research Chair on Psychosocial Aspects of Risk and Health Centre on Governance & Institute of Population Health University of Ottawalouise.lemyre@uOttawa.ca