2. RELIGION & BILL OF RIGHTS Religion has always played a large role in early American life. It is why ____________________ _________. That is why it is the 1 st amendment.

3. FREEDOM OF RELIGION 1 ST & 14 TH Amendment freedom. They prohibit: 1.___________________________ ____________________________ 2. Protection for the “__________________________”.

4. SEPERATION OF CHURCH & STATE Thomas Jefferson- “_____________ ______________________________” Churches __________ taxed by Federal, State, or Local Government “In God we Trust” “so help me God”___________________________ How high is the wall???

5. The first direct ruling on the ______________came in _______ known as the ________________.- busing parochial students

6. Released Time Released time programs allow _________to release students from school time to __________________ ____________________.

7. Prayers and the Bible Engle v. Vitale-court outlawed ____________ ____________________

8. Prayers and the Bible in Public School Though illegal both organized prayer and Bible readings are found in many Public Schools usually in the __________ _________ Schools can’t __ _____________. Individuals ____ pray in school Students ______ study the Bible in _____________ _____________ _____________

9. Abington School District v. Schempp- ________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________

10. ________________ -Court struck down an AL law that the moment of silence & moment of __________________________ _________________________.

11. Student Religious Groups Equal Access Act of 1984, can students hold Bible study classes in a public school? schools receiving federal funds _______religious groups to meet in the school ______________________ ______________________ ______________________

12. Evolution Laws banning the teaching of Evolution or requiring the teaching of creation have been declared ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________

13. ???? Intelligent Design ???? (ID) believes that __________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________ _________________________

14. Kitzmiller, et al. v. Dover Area School District District required the presentation of ID as an alternative to evolution. _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________

15. Seasonal Displays Can public body like a school or community put up a Nativity scene? ___ ________________ ________________ ________________ ________________

16. Chaplains in Congress Can state legislatures and the Congress begin sessions with a prayer? The Supreme Court ruled that it is ____________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________

17. State Aid to Parochial Schools Several states give help to parochial schools for transportation, books, etc. Arguments- _____________ _____________________ _____________________

18. The Lemon Test for state aid to parochial schools! 1.The purpose of the aid must be ________________________. 2.The primary effect must neither __________________ _________________ 3.The aid must avoid an ______ ________________________ ________________________

19. Lemon v. Kurtzman 1971 Can a state pay a parochial school’s costs for text books and teachers in nonreligious courses? _____________________ ______________________ ______________________ _____________________ No money for math! St. Paul’s is #1!

20. What kinds of state aid to parochial schools is legal? Buying State required Textbooks? _______ Paying for standardized tests? _______ Paying for field trips? _______ Paying part of a parochial teacher’s salary? _______

21. The Free Exercise Clause The 1 st and 14 th Amendments guarantee each person the right to believe whatever that person chooses to believe or not believe in matters of religion!

22. !!!!HOWEVER!!!! It does not give one the right to ______________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________.

23. Free Exercise of Religion Can a parent refuse to have a child vaccinated for disease because it violates their religion? May a state refuse to allow the handling of poisonous snakes in religious ceremonies? ___ ________

24. Free Exercise of Religion Are religious groups required to have a permit for a parade? Are groups that use children to sell religious literature required to obey child labor laws? Can religious objectors to military service still be drafted to serve in noncombat roles in the military? Can an Orthodox Jew be denied permission to wear his yarmulke “skull cap” while on active duty? Can private logging companies build roads in national forests traditionally used by Native Americans for religious purposes? Can a person be prevented from using peyote or other hallucinogenic drugs as part of their religious service? __________________________

25. Amish children can’t ________ __________________________ __________________________ Compulsory flag-salute in school is _______________- WV Board of Ed v. Barnette 1943

26. Flag Salute Case #1 1940- 2 Jehovah Witnesses were expelled from school for refusing to stand up for the Pledge. Supreme Court ruled that _______ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________ ____________________________

27. Flag Salute Case #2 1943,World War II- oppression of the Nazis was seen, the Court reviewed the requirement of saying the Pledge & ruled that saying it (_____________________) required.