1. The Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration R&D Program and Participation in the IDS

2. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 20072 NFMCC Mission  Extensive experimental program to verify the theoretical and simulation predictions To study and develop the theoretical tools, the software simulation tools, and to carry out R&D on the hardware that is unique to the design of Neutrino Factories and Muon Colliders

3. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 20073 Current Organization R&D Tasks DOE/NSF Laboratories/MCOG P. Bond, S. Holmes, J. Siegrist MUTAC R. Kephart Collaboration Spokespersons A. Bross, H. Kirk Project Manager M. Zisman Simul.  COOL TargetMICE Executive Board Technical Board Collaborating Institutions Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration (NFMCC) Other

4. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 20074 Collaborating Institutions National Labs Argonne BNL Fermilab LBNL Oak Ridge Thomas Jefferson Universities Columbia Cornell IIT Indiana Michigan State Northern Illinois Princeton UC-Berkeley UC-Davis UC-Los Angeles UC-Riverside University of Chicago National Labs Budker DESY INFN JINR, Dubna KEK RAL TRIUMF Universities Karlsruhe Imperial College Lancaster Osaka Oxford Pohang Tel Aviv USInternational Corporate Partners Muons Inc. Tech-X Corporation

5. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 20075 Core Program Targetry R&D: Mercury Intense Target Experiment (MERIT) Spokesperson: Kirk McDonald Project Manager: Harold Kirk Ionization Cooling R&D: MuCool and MICE MuCool Spokesperson: Alan Bross US MICE Leader: Dan Kaplan Simulations & Theory Coordinator: Rick Fernow Muon Collider Task Force * * Being organized now @ Fermilab

6. Hardware Activities

7. MuCool

8. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 20078 MuCool Program  Currently consists of 9 institutions from the US and Japan RF Development ANL Fermilab IIT JLAB LBNL Mississippi Absorber R&D Fermilab IIT KEK NIU Mississippi Osaka Solenoids LBNL Mississippi  Mission u Design, prototype and test all cooling channel components (SFOFO) u 201 MHz RF Cavities, absorbers, SC solenoids u Support MICE (cooling demonstration experiment) u Perform high beam-power engineering test of cooling section components

9. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 20079  R&D Focus of MuCool u Component testing Fermilab s RF Cavities –High RF-power Testing s Absorbers –Technology tests –High power-load testing With beam s Magnets

10. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200710 MuCool Test Area  Facility to test all components of cooling channel (not a test of ionization cooling) u At high beam power s Designed to accommodate full Linac Beam s 1.6 X 10 13 p/pulse @15 Hz – 2.4 X 10 14 p/s –  600 W into 35 cm LH 2 absorber @ 400 MeV u RF power from Linac (201 and 805 MHz test stands) s Waveguides pipe power to MTA

11. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200711 MTA  The MTA is the focus of our Activities u RF testing (805 and 201 MHz) u High pressure H 2 gas- filled RF u LH 2 Absorber tests  Two parts of infrastructure yet to be completed u Cryo Plant u Beam Line

12. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200712 MTA Hall

13. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200713 MTA Hall Instrumentation 805 201 CsI Plastic Scintillator Magnet Chipmunk

14. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200714 Phase I of RF Cavity Closed Cell Magnetic Field Studies (805 MHz)  Data seem to follow universal curve u Max stable gradient degrades quickly with B field  Sparking limits max gradient  Copper surfaces the problem Gradient in MV/m Peak Magnetic Field in T at the Window

15. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200715 Phase II of 805 MHz studies  Study breakdown and dark current characteristics as function of gradient and applied B field in Pillbox cavity u Curved Be window Test s TiN coated s Cavity has been conditioned to 32MV/m without B field s Measurements at 2.5T –Stable gradient limited < 17MV/m u Button test s Evaluate various materials and coatings –TiN, ALD –W,Cu,Mo,SS,.. s Quick Change over

16. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200716 New 805 MHz RF data  Recent repeat of Max Grad with B u No conditioning observed

17. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200717 805 MHz Imaging

18. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200718 RF R&D – 201 MHz Cavity Design  The 201 MHz Cavity is now operating u Reached 16MV/m at B=0 (design gradient!)

19. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200719 X-ray rates From 201 MHz Cavity B=0

20. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200720 201 Program  Conditioning 201 Cavity through multipacting u Observed at very low field  This is now ready to begin  Configuration shown to right u Allows for approximately 2T on axis at window facing magnet s Magnet operating in solenoid mode at 5T (max) u Field falls off rapidly in both r and z u We have also full azimuthal coverage to measure x-ray rates s Thin and totally absorbing plastic scintillator counters s Spectroscopy - NaI

21. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200721 High Pressure H 2 Filled Cavity Work Muon’s Inc  High Pressure Test Cell  Study breakdown properties of materials in H 2  Just finished run in B field  No degradation in M.S.G. up to  3.5T

22. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200722  2D Transverse Cooling and  Figure of merit: M=L R dE  /ds M 2 (4D cooling) for different absorbers Absorber Design Issues H 2 is clearly Best - Neglecting Engineering Issues Windows, Safety

23. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200723 Convective Absorber Activities  First Round of studies of the KEK absorber performed in the MTA u GHe used to input power

24. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200724 Convective Absorber Activities II

25. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200725 Convective Absorber Activities III  Next Round of tests will use a modified absorber  Test u Electrical Heater u New Temperature sensors u LH liquid level sensor Absorber Body being modified in Lab 6 at Fermilab Instrumentation will be used in MICE

26. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200726 LiH Test Program  Produce encapsulating cast (not pressed) samples u Small disk (5-10 cm) for intense radiation exposure s Look at Material stability primarily s Temperature Profile u Large disk (30 cm) for detailed thermal conductivity studies s External Cooling + Internal Heating s Potential absorber for MICE Phase I –Non-instrumented, no cooling

27. MICE

28. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200728 Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment MICE Beam Diffuser Focus Coils Liquid Hydrogen Absorbers RF Cavities Tracking Spectrometers Matching Coils Radiation shield Magnetic shield Coupling Coils

29. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200729 US MICE  Tracker Module u Solenoids u Fiber ribbons u VLPC System s VLPCs, Cryostats and cryo-support equipment, AFEIIt (front-end readout board), VME memory modules, power supplies, cables, etc  Absorber Focus Coil Module u LH 2 and vacuum safety windows s Fabrication and QC  RF Module u Coupling Coils u RF Cavities  Particle ID u Upstream Cerenkov

30. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200730 MuCool and MICE  MuCool Collaboration interface to MICE u Design Optimization/develop of Study II cooling channel s Simulations u Detailed engineering s Full component design s Systems integration s Safety u RF cavity development, fabrication, and test s 201 MHz operation in B field u Absorber development, fabrication, and test s Ends with KEK prototype tests u MuCool will prototype and test cooling hardware including MICE pieces for which the collaboration is responsible

31. MERIT

32. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200732 MERIT –Mercury Intense Target  Test of Hg-Jet target in magnetic field (15T)  Submitted to CERN April, 2004 (approved April 2005)  Located in TT2A tunnel to ISR, in nTOF beam line  First beam ∼ Summer, 2007  Test 50 Hz operation at 24 GeV  4 MW

33. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200733

34. 34 nozzle A before reaming ORNL 2006 Nov 28 runs 10 m/s ORNL 2006 Nov 29 run, uprighted image Nozzle C 20 m/s Movies of viewport #2, SMD camera, 0.1 ms/frame nozzle A after reaming

35. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200735 Merit Instrumentation  Developed Full Mars Simulation u Particle fluxes, energy deposition, absorbed dose and residual activity in the experimental hall u Absorbed dose and activation of mercury system u Secondary particle production  Study/define diagnostics needed for experiment u Radiation load in components u Radiation shielding u Particle production in secondary beam

36. Design and Simulation

37. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200737 Design and Simulation - Some Specific Areas of Study Cool here  Capture/Bunch/Rotation/Cool  Time  Energy Two fixed point acceleration: half synchrotron oscillation + path between fixed points Linear nonscaling FFAG H 2 filled cavities

38. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200738 Design and Simulation - Acceleration    

39. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200739 NF Detector - Design and Simulation  Looking at Totally-Active Sampling Detector u Scintillator Based  Magnetized u 0.5T

40. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200740 Totally Active Segmented Detector Simulation of a Totally Active Scintillating Detector (TASD) using No a and Miner a concepts with Geant4 3 cm 1.5 cm 15 m 100 m u 3333 Modules (X and Y plane) u Each plane contains 1000 slabs u Total: 6.7M channels  Momenta between 100 MeV/c to 15 GeV/c  Magnetic field considered: 0.5 T  Reconstructed position resolution ~ 4.5 mm

41. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200741 TASD Performance Muon reconstructed efficiencyMuon charge mis-ID rate

42. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200742 Large Magnetic Volumes Possible magnet schemes Steel 15 m x 15 m x 15m solenoid modules; B = 0.5 T Magnet Superconducting coil magnet cost extrapolation formulas: Use stored energy – 14M$/module Use magnetic volume – 60M$/module GEM magnet extrapolation – 69 M$/module x10 modules! Warm coil magnets: Total cost: $5m x 10 = $50M (.1-.2T) Problem: operational cost (>$13M/year with factor of 3 uncertainty)

43. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200743 Large Magnetic Volumes II  Cost Driver is not stored energy  Vacuum Loading for vacuum insulated cryostats (A. Herve, CERN) u P 0 = 0.33 S 0.8 (Price of equivalent zero energy) u P = P 0 + 0.17 E 0.7 (Total Price of magnet) s S = Surface of the cryostat s V = Mean magnetized volume s E = Stored energy  Must get rid of vacuum loading u Foam Insulated s High T c SC u SC “Pipe” SC Pipe?

44. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200744 Back to the Future - VLHC  Fermilab TM-2149 (2001) SC Transmission Line  3” 

45. 45 Magnetic cavern design 1 m iron wall thickness. ~2.4 T peak field in the iron.

46. 46 |B| in XZ cross-section Without iron With iron Better field uniformity with iron in the end sections

47. 47 Parameters $1000/m  $50M 100 kA op demonstrated

48. 48 US – NFMCC 5 Year Budget Plan Note: The Advanced Accelerator R&D Sub-panel recommended that a doubling of our funds would be appropriate. Our Muon Technical Advisory Council recommended a similar scenario For FY07 - DOE has asked what we would do with additional funds if a +10% or +20% budget increase were forthcoming. This is on the total including base ($3.6M) Base Program funds: remain as in FY06: BNL ($0.9M); Fermilab ($0.6M); LBNL ($0.3M)

49. Alan Bross UKNF Meeting January 10, 200749 NFMCC Participation in the IDS  Areas of Interest u Proton Driver s BNL, Fermilab u Targetry s BNL, Fermilab, Princeton u Capture and phase rotation s Fermilab u Cooling s BNL, Fermilab, IIT, LBNL, UCLA, UC Riverside u Acceleration s BNL, Fermilab, TJNL u Detector Design and Simulation s Fermilab, IIT, University of Mississippi  Our level of effort, however, will depend on our budget in the out years. But there is some reason to be optimistic