1. Cardiovascular Disease in Women Module I: Epidemiology

2. Module I: Epidemiology  Statistics on Women and Cardiovascular Disease  Comparisons to Men  Age Differences Among Women  Racial and Ethnic Group Differences

3. CVD and Other Major Causes of Death for Women in the United States: 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008

4. Congestive Heart Failure: Gender Differences  Compared to men, women with heart failure are:  Older  More likely to have hypertension  More likely to have diabetes  More likely to have diastolic dysfunction   Knowledge of diastolic dysfunction prognosis and treatment is limited  Trials of congestive heart failure treatments have included mainly men Source: Stromberg 2003

5. Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: U.S. Males and Females 1980-2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008

6. Annual Numbers of U.S. Adults Diagnosed with Myocardial Infarction and Fatal CHD by Age and Sex Categories: 1987-2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Age in Years

7. Acute MI Mortality by Age and Sex Source: Adapted from Vaccarino 1999

8. Racial and Ethnic Groups  Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and American Indians  African American women are at the highest risk for death from heart disease among all racial, ethnic, and gender groups Source: American Heart Association 2004

9. Major Causes of Death for White Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

10. African Americans  African American women are at highest risk for death from heart disease among all race, ethnic, and gender groups  African Americans with established CHD are at high risk for cardiac death  The risk of death and morbidity from CHD attributable to HTN is higher in African Americans Sources: American Heart Association 2004, Mosca 2004, ATP III 2002, American Heart Association 2008

11. Major Causes of Death for Black /African American Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

12. Age-adjusted Death Rates for Leading Causes of Death in White and Black/African American Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Per 100,000 Population

13. Latinas  Latinas have higher rates of many risk factors for heart disease, including obesity, physical inactivity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and hypertension, than white women  It is estimated that over 50% of Latinas born in the year 2000 will develop diabetes. CHD is the leading cause of death in diabetics. Sources: American Heart Association 2004, Narayan 2003

14. Major Causes of Death for Hispanic/Latina Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

15. Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders  There is limited information on the prevention and treatment of heart disease in Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders  The risk of heart disease varies between different ethnic groups within the Asian American community  South Asians have been reported to have a high prevalence of heart disease at young ages, in part because of a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome Source: ATP III 2002

16. Major Causes of Death for Asian American and Pacific Islander Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

17. American Indians  Cardiovascular disease rates vary among American Indian communities  Unlike other ethnic groups, the incidence of CHD is increasing among American Indians Source: ATP III 2002

18. Major Causes of Death for American Indian and Alaska Native Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

19. Summary  Among U.S. women, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death  Among U.S. women, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for whites, African Americans, Latinas, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and American Indians Source: American Heart Association 2008

20. Summary  Mortality from CVD has decreased more for men in the past 20 years than for women  Over 10,000 women under age 45 suffer an acute myocardial infarction every year Source: American Heart Association 2008

21. Cardiovascular Disease in Women Module I: Epidemiology

22. Module I: Epidemiology  Statistics on Women and Cardiovascular Disease  Comparisons to Men  Age Differences Among Women  Racial and Ethnic Group Differences

23. CVD and Other Major Causes of Death for Women in the United States: 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008

24. Congestive Heart Failure: Gender Differences  Compared to men, women with heart failure are:  Older  More likely to have hypertension  More likely to have diabetes  More likely to have diastolic dysfunction   Knowledge of diastolic dysfunction prognosis and treatment is limited  Trials of congestive heart failure treatments have included mainly men Source: Stromberg 2003

25. Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: U.S. Males and Females 1980-2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008

26. Annual Numbers of U.S. Adults Diagnosed with Myocardial Infarction and Fatal CHD by Age and Sex Categories: 1987-2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Age in Years

27. Acute MI Mortality by Age and Sex Source: Adapted from Vaccarino 1999

28. Racial and Ethnic Groups  Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and American Indians  African American women are at the highest risk for death from heart disease among all racial, ethnic, and gender groups Source: American Heart Association 2004

29. Major Causes of Death for White Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

30. African Americans  African American women are at highest risk for death from heart disease among all race, ethnic, and gender groups  African Americans with established CHD are at high risk for cardiac death  The risk of death and morbidity from CHD attributable to HTN is higher in African Americans Sources: American Heart Association 2004, Mosca 2004, ATP III 2002, American Heart Association 2008

31. Major Causes of Death for Black /African American Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

32. Age-adjusted Death Rates for Leading Causes of Death in White and Black/African American Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Per 100,000 Population

33. Latinas  Latinas have higher rates of many risk factors for heart disease, including obesity, physical inactivity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and hypertension, than white women  It is estimated that over 50% of Latinas born in the year 2000 will develop diabetes. CHD is the leading cause of death in diabetics. Sources: American Heart Association 2004, Narayan 2003

34. Major Causes of Death for Hispanic/Latina Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

35. Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders  There is limited information on the prevention and treatment of heart disease in Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders  The risk of heart disease varies between different ethnic groups within the Asian American community  South Asians have been reported to have a high prevalence of heart disease at young ages, in part because of a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome Source: ATP III 2002

36. Major Causes of Death for Asian American and Pacific Islander Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

37. American Indians  Cardiovascular disease rates vary among American Indian communities  Unlike other ethnic groups, the incidence of CHD is increasing among American Indians Source: ATP III 2002

38. Major Causes of Death for American Indian and Alaska Native Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

39. Summary  Among U.S. women, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death  Among U.S. women, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for whites, African Americans, Latinas, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and American Indians Source: American Heart Association 2008

40. Summary  Mortality from CVD has decreased more for men in the past 20 years than for women  Over 10,000 women under age 45 suffer an acute myocardial infarction every year Source: American Heart Association 2008

41. Cardiovascular Disease in Women Module I: Epidemiology

42. Module I: Epidemiology  Statistics on Women and Cardiovascular Disease  Comparisons to Men  Age Differences Among Women  Racial and Ethnic Group Differences

43. CVD and Other Major Causes of Death for Women in the United States: 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008

44. Congestive Heart Failure: Gender Differences  Compared to men, women with heart failure are:  Older  More likely to have hypertension  More likely to have diabetes  More likely to have diastolic dysfunction   Knowledge of diastolic dysfunction prognosis and treatment is limited  Trials of congestive heart failure treatments have included mainly men Source: Stromberg 2003

45. Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: U.S. Males and Females 1980-2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008

46. Annual Numbers of U.S. Adults Diagnosed with Myocardial Infarction and Fatal CHD by Age and Sex Categories: 1987-2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Age in Years

47. Acute MI Mortality by Age and Sex Source: Adapted from Vaccarino 1999

48. Racial and Ethnic Groups  Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for African Americans, Latinos, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and American Indians  African American women are at the highest risk for death from heart disease among all racial, ethnic, and gender groups Source: American Heart Association 2004

49. Major Causes of Death for White Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

50. African Americans  African American women are at highest risk for death from heart disease among all race, ethnic, and gender groups  African Americans with established CHD are at high risk for cardiac death  The risk of death and morbidity from CHD attributable to HTN is higher in African Americans Sources: American Heart Association 2004, Mosca 2004, ATP III 2002, American Heart Association 2008

51. Major Causes of Death for Black /African American Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

52. Age-adjusted Death Rates for Leading Causes of Death in White and Black/African American Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Per 100,000 Population

53. Latinas  Latinas have higher rates of many risk factors for heart disease, including obesity, physical inactivity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and hypertension, than white women  It is estimated that over 50% of Latinas born in the year 2000 will develop diabetes. CHD is the leading cause of death in diabetics. Sources: American Heart Association 2004, Narayan 2003

54. Major Causes of Death for Hispanic/Latina Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

55. Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders  There is limited information on the prevention and treatment of heart disease in Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders  The risk of heart disease varies between different ethnic groups within the Asian American community  South Asians have been reported to have a high prevalence of heart disease at young ages, in part because of a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome Source: ATP III 2002

56. Major Causes of Death for Asian American and Pacific Islander Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

57. American Indians  Cardiovascular disease rates vary among American Indian communities  Unlike other ethnic groups, the incidence of CHD is increasing among American Indians Source: ATP III 2002

58. Major Causes of Death for American Indian and Alaska Native Women: U.S. 2004 Source: Adapted from American Heart Association 2008 Percent of Total Deaths

59. Summary  Among U.S. women, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death  Among U.S. women, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death for whites, African Americans, Latinas, Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, and American Indians Source: American Heart Association 2008

60. Summary  Mortality from CVD has decreased more for men in the past 20 years than for women  Over 10,000 women under age 45 suffer an acute myocardial infarction or die of CHD every year Source: American Heart Association 2008