1. 19/12/2015 12:35 Course Information: 91.546 Computer Graphics I Instructor: Dr. Hugh Masterman The MITRE Corporation email: hcm@mitre.org Texts:Interactive Computer Graphics (5 th edition) Angel, Edward Addison Wesley 2006 ISBN 0-321-53586-3 OpenGL Programming Guide (6 th edition) Neider, Davis, &Woo Addison Wesley 2008 ISBN 0-321-48100-3 Website: http://www.cs.uml.edu/~hmasterm/graphics1.htmlhttp://www.cs.uml.edu/~hmasterm/graphics1.html

2. 29/12/2015 12:35 Computer Graphics Computer graphics is the discipline concerned with all aspects of producing pictures or images using a computer. Interactive computer graphics implies user is in the loop of feedback process: Change Image React to Change Graphics SystemUser Input Device Display

3. 39/12/2015 12:35

4. 4 axiom A rule A = [&FL!A]>>>>>'[&FL!A]>>>>>>>'[&FL!A] rule F = S>>>>>F rule S = F L rule L = ['''^^c(4){-f+f+f-|-f+f+f}c(12)]

5. 59/12/2015 12:35 SAGE Air Defense System: ca. 1958

6. 69/12/2015 12:35 Ivan Sutherland Sketchpad (1963)

7. 79/12/2015 12:35 Computer Aided Design 1965 - Present

8. 89/12/2015 12:35 Screen Shot: Xerox Star ca. 1974

9. 99/12/2015 12:35 Early Night Simulator ca. 1970

10. 109/12/2015 12:35 Raster Graphics Daylight Simulator 1985

11. 119/12/2015 12:35 MD90 Cockpit Simulator 1990

12. 129/12/2015 12:35 Military Simulation: Realistic Environment

13. 139/12/2015 12:35 Data Visualization

14. 149/12/2015 12:35 Weather Visualization

15. 159/12/2015 12:35 Virtual Reality

16. 169/12/2015 12:35 Computer Animation

17. 179/12/2015 12:35 Computer Art

18. 189/12/2015 12:35 Computer Art

19. 199/12/2015 12:35 Graphics: Conceptual Model Real Object Human Eye Display Device Graphics System Synthetic Model Synthetic Camera Real Light Synthetic Light Source

20. 209/12/2015 12:35 Computer Graphics Conceptual Model Application Model Application Program Graphics System Output Devices Input Devices

21. 219/12/2015 12:35 What is an Image?

22. 229/12/2015 12:35 Nature of Light 350780 (nm) RadioIRX-raysLight Electromagnetic (wave) radiation: Particle: Ray propagation Quantum energy E=h Amplitude: L Frequency: Velocity: c

23. 239/12/2015 12:35 Characterization of Light Direction, Amplitude, Wavelength: ( d, L,  ) Is this enough? Real world light rarely consists of a single wavelength! L

24. 249/12/2015 12:35 Human Eye

25. 259/12/2015 12:35 Human Perception of Color – 3 Types of Cones L( )

26. 269/12/2015 12:35 Metameric Colors

27. 279/12/2015 12:35 RGB Color Space Green (0,1,0) Blue (0,0,1) Red (1,0,0) Yellow (1,1,0) Magenta (1,0,1) Blk Cyan (0,1,1) White (1,1,1) G B R

28. 289/12/2015 12:35 CIE Color Space

29. 299/12/2015 12:35 HSL Color Space

30. 309/12/2015 12:35 Combination of Primary Colors Additive Color Subtractive Color

31. 319/12/2015 12:35 Output Devices 0 Hard copy -Printers =Dot matrix =Ink jet =Thermal transfer =Laser -Plotters 0 Soft copy -CRT -Flat panel =LCD =Electroluminescent =Plasma -Projector

32. 329/12/2015 12:35 Flat Panel Pixel Arrangements

33. 339/12/2015 12:35 CRT: Raster Scan

34. 349/12/2015 12:35 Color CRT Phosphor Pattern Versus Spot Size

35. 359/12/2015 12:35 RGB Components of an Image

36. 369/12/2015 12:35 Raster Display System Architecture With Peripheral Display Processor System Bus CPU DP Memory Frame Buffer I/O Video Controller Display Processor System Memory

37. 379/12/2015 12:35 Monochrome Frame Buffer 10110011 D/A Converter Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit n CRT

38. 389/12/2015 12:35 Color Frame Buffer 10110011 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit n CRT 0101 Red D/A Green D/A Blue D/A

39. 399/12/2015 12:35 Video Look-up Table 10110011 CRT 0101 Red D/A Green D/A Blue D/A 101100110101 Look Up Table Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit n 10110011 179 178 180 = 179 177