1. America Joins the Fight World War I (1914-1918)
Chapter 24, Section 2

2. Essential Questions:
Do governments have the right to draft its’ citizens? Why or Why Not?
As a citizen, are YOU responsible to serve YOUR country?

3. The U.S. Army (1917)
When America Entered WWI the US Army Had Less Than 200,000 Troops
President Woodrow Wilson Wanted to Use Volunteer Troops
Not Enough Troops Enlisted After U.S. Declared War in 1917

8. Which Poster is More Effective? Why?

9. Selective Service Act (1917)
Required ALL Males Between the Ages of 21 and 30 to Join the U.S. Military
The Draft!!!
3 Million Men Were Drafted by 1918
Army Went from 200,000 to 3 Million Soldiers!

10. American Expeditionary Force (The AEF)
AEF = U.S.Armed Forces Sent to Europe During WWI
2 Million AEF Troops Served Under General John J. Pershing in France
Helped Win WWI!!!

13. John J. Pershing General of the AEF
British and French Forces Asked the U.S. to Join their Armies
Woodrow Wilson and Pershing REFUSED! WHY?

14. Woodrow Wilson
President Wilson Did NOT Want the AEF to Fight With the Allied Forces
Wanted U.S. Forces to Fight Separately
Wilson Wanted U.S. to be the Hero and Play a Major Role at the Peace Table at the End of WWI

15. Women’s Roles During WWI
Close to 50,000 Women Served in World War I:
American Red Cross
Clerical Workers in the Navy
Marine Corps & Army
Nurses
Interpreters
Switchboard Operators
Entertained Troops
Drove Ambulances

19. African Americans Serve
400,000 African American Men Served During WWI
Faced Racial Discrimination from White American Soldiers (Not European Soldiers)
U.S. Created Segregated Combat Units for African Americans (Plessy vs. Ferguson 1896)

20. The U.S. Convoy System
German U-Boats Were Sinking Supply & Troop Ships Across the Atlantic Ocean!
Convoy System:
A Heavy Guard of Destroyers Escorted Merchant Ships Across the Atlantic in Groups
Hut, Hut, Hike! Handoff the Football and Follow Your Blockers!

25. Other Military Tactics
To Protect From German U-Boats, the U.S. Laid 70,000 Mines in the North Sea
Minefield Was Over 180 Miles Long
Used Magnetic and Contact Mines
FINDING NEMO!!!

28. Finding Nemo Mine Scene!!!

30. By the Way….. Found Nemo!

31. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Ended War Between Central Powers and Russia!
When Russians Dropped Out of the War, Germany Sent Troops to Invade France in the West
Wanted to Win the War Before U.S. Arrived!

33. The German Plan

34. Germans Push For France
Germans Launch an Attack to End WWI Before American Troops Arrive
Germany Gets to the Marne River (Again) (50 Miles Away from Paris)
1 Million American Troops Aid French and British Forces to STOP the German Advance!

39. America Arrives
May 28th, 1918 the AEF Liberates the Town of Cantigny, France (Lifts Allies Morale!)
AEF and French Forces STOP German Attack on the Town of Chateau-Thierry, France
Battle of Belleau Wood:
American and French Forces Go on the Attack!
Retake Land (Forest) in France That Germany Had Taken

42. Battle of Belleau Wood

47. 2nd Battle of the Marne River
Germans Attacked for 3 Days Attempting to Take Paris
The Allies & Americans STOPPED the Attack! Allies Started to Push the Germans Back!
Why Was the 2nd Battle of the Marne the Turning Point of WWI?

48. The Meuse-Argonne Offensive
The Final “Push” 1918
Goal Was to Push German Forces BACK into Germany!
1.2 Million Allied Soldiers Fought
After Months of Fighting, Germany Lost All Land it Had Gained!

50. Meuse Argonne Offensive

51. Meuse-Argonne Cemetery

52. 26,000+ U.S. Soldiers Killed in the Meuse Argonne Offensive

53. WWI American Heroes Alvin York: Eddie Rickenbacker:
Attempted to Avoid the Draft
Refused to Bear Arms (Religion)
Attacked and Killed 25 German Machine Gunners
132 Germans Surrendered to this 1 Man in the Trenches!
Eddie Rickenbacker:
U.S. Pilot Who Shot Down 26 Enemy Planes
Awarded the Medal of Honor

54. Alvin York’s Grave

55. African American Heroes
4 African American Combat Units Received Recognition:
369th, 370th, 371st, 372nd Regiments
Awarded France’s Highest Honor: The Croix de Guerre
369th Regiment Spent More Time on the Front Lines Than ANY Other US Unit
What Awards Did the U.S. Give Them???

56. Reasons Why Germany Surrenders!
Lost the Meuse Argonne Offensive (Didn’t Want the Allies to Keep Going & Take Over Germany!)
Germany’s Navy Mutinied (Refused to Fight Any More)
The Central Powers Dropped Out (Didn’t Want to Lose Land)
Germany’s Kaiser (Leader) Resigned

57. Armistice Comes From Latin: Arma = Weapons Statium = Stopping
Warring Countries Agreed to STOP Fighting
Armistice Was Signed on November 11th, 11:00AM
11th Hour
11th Day
11th Month
WWI Was OVER!

68. Tomb of the Unknown Soldier

73. World War I Deaths 8.5 Million People Died During WWI (1914-1918)
Approximately 21 Million Were Wounded
Worst Death Totals/War in the History of the World (Until WW2)

74. World War I Casualties

75. WWI Casualties Most Casualties: Germany (1.8 Million)
Russia (1.7 Million)
Least Casualties:
US (116,000)
Why is That???

76. Essential Questions:
Do governments have the right to draft its’ citizens? Why or Why Not?
As a citizen, are YOU responsible to serve YOUR country?