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1 4 http://www.colket.org/genealogy/USF/ http://www.colket.org/genealogy/USF/

2 Syllabus 2 Finding Genealogical Information On The Internet Instructor: Currie Colket Phone: Google Search for: colket 941 or (941) 748-7531 Classes 1:00 PM to 2:20 PM Lifelong Learning Academy: University of South Florida Searching the Static Web 2 July – Overview of Internet, Overview of Genealogy; Static & Dynamic Searches Basic and Advanced Searches; Google Books; Downloading 9 July –Finding Pictures of Your Ancestors on the Internet Searching Images (Photos); Videos; Maps; Google Earth; (Researching in other languages?); Miscellaneous (Facebook; Google Alerts) Searching Dynamic Databases 16 July – Heritage Quest; Family Search, Family History; Ancestry.com; Archive Grid; NY Times Archive; Stephen P. Morse Webpage; Public 23 July – Census Records; Birth, Marriage, Death Records; Immigration Records Military Records; Land Records Slides at: http://www.colket.org/genealogy/USF/http://www.colket.org/genealogy/USF/

3 ss 3 Internet Search Indexable Nodes Non Indexable Nodes Use Google, Bing, or other Search Engine Every word on Page Is indexed with web crawler Static Searches Dynamic Searches Non Indexable Nodes Private Databases Fee/membership (e.g., Ancestry, Professional, News) Many available with Library membership Commercial Databases Shopping Or Limited to employees and customers only Public Databases City, County, State Federal Records Dark Web

4 Instructor Background - 1 4 Instructor: Currie Colket BS Chemistry 11 years Commissioned Officer USAF MBA MS Computer Science 27 years Software Engineer, US Navy John Forman Bob Munck

5 Instructor Background - 2 5 Instructor: Currie Colket Published Genealogy Chair Manatee Genealogical Society (MGS) Computer Special Interest Group (Computer SIG) Manatee Genealogical Society MGS Computer Special Interest Group (SIG) Meets 1 st Tuesday of Winter Months (October – May) 9:30 AM Manatee Main Library Chair since 2008

6 6 Slides Available On Internet

7 o Computer Basics For Course o Conducting a Simple Google Search o History of Internet/Browsing o Problem of Searching o Solution to Search Problem o Google Search Basics o Google Results Basics o Miscellaneous Notes 7 Overview

8 Computer Basics For Course - 1 Most Course Materials ONLINE at: http://www.colket.org/genealogy/USF (local)http://www.colket.org/genealogy/USFlocal 8 Need To Download Files To Download any file: 1.Left click on file 2. ….

9 Open Open in New Tab Open in New Window Save target as … Print Target Computer Basics For Course - 2 To Download any file: 1.Left Click on file 2.Save … or Save as 3.Select Directory and Identify Filename 4.Hit Save 99 After Download Status Bar, the File is on Your Computer or Useful to Download to Desktop or Pictures and Later Move to Desired Directory Useful to keep filename, if meaningful

10 Computer Basics For Course - 3 To Open File: Double Click On It If you need Application, Download the application Execute the Application Installation Then Double Click on File If you need Applications, Download them – They are FREE

11 Computer Basics For Course - 4 PCs versus MACs Google, Bing, and Most Search Engines are platform independent!! Google will even work on Workstations using UNIX Hence almost everything in this course pertains to both systems!! Major impact is slides, which are in Microsoft PowerPoint Hence will also be in PDF for Apple systems

12 o Computer Basics For Course o Conducting a Simple Google Search o History of Internet/Browsing o Problem of Searching o Solution to Search Problem o Google Search Basics o Google Results Basics o Miscellaneous Notes 12 Overview

13 Conducting a Simple Google Search - 1 Go to http://www.google.com or http://google.comhttp://www.google.com 13 Enter Search Term(s) In Window Click on Google Search FYI, I use o Microsoft Internet Explorer and Google Chrome o Microsoft Windows 8.1 Things will look different If you use a different Browser or Operating System Opportunity to get Google Chrome Opportunity to sign in to Google+

14 Conducting a Simple Google Search - 2 14 Search Results Or Results Page Or Results Note: March 2010, the number of hits was 72,000 ; October 2011 91,000; now 78,500

15 15 Please Ask Questions if you do not Understand Anything

16 o Computer Basics For Course o Conducting a Simple Google Search o History of Internet/Browsing o Problem of Searching o Solution to Search Problem o Google Search Basics o Google Results Basics o Miscellaneous Notes 16 Overview

17 Who Invented the Internet? 17

18 History of the Internet - 1 18 In early 1960’s computers were “standalone” with –Different operating systems for different computers –Different commands to perform similar functions (e.g., login, search) –No communication between computers Intergalactic Computer Network concept by J.C.R Lickider of Bolt, Beranek, and Newman (BBN) in August 1962 –Concept contained almost everything the Internet is today. DOD Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) adopted research concepts as ARPAnet as a means to share defense information between labs during the cold war. Contract awarded to BBN on 7 April 1969. Allowed communication between users of computers via packets of information. First demonstration message sent on 29 October 1969 from a computer at UCLA to a computer at Stanford. -The message was received correctly, but caused the Stanford computer to crash Man on Moon 20 July 1969

19 History of the Internet - 2 19 By September 1971, 23 nodes at DOD research centers and universities. In 1971, the first network-to-network email was sent By 1973, 75% of ARPAnet traffic was email By 1973, the file transfer protocol (ftp) was developed to allow file transfers over the ARPAnet By 1981, there were 213 hosts with a new host added every 20 days In 1983, TCP/IP protocols became the principal protocol of the ARPAnet - TCP = Transmission Control Protocol; IP = Internet Protocol My first internet address in 1982 was colket@nadc.navy.milcolket@nadc.navy.mil The extra nadc.navy.mil is called the Domain Name; each host had a unique Domain Name My first email address in 1979 was colket at OSU while working on Masters It was local and could only send and receive email from that OSU computer.

20 History of the Internet - 3 20 In 1983, the military aspects were segregated from Internet onto the MILNET to mitigate public access to military computers. In 1985, gateways to external networks across North America, Europe, and Australia made the Internet global in scope. In 1990 funding for ARPAnet infrastructure was transferred to NSF. In March 1991 NSFnet opened up the use of Internet for commercial use. -Al Gore’s Super Information Highway -Called the World Wide Web -Any one can access using a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) (more later) 30 April 1995, NSFnet officially dissolved At its peak, NSFnet connected more than 4,000 institutions and 50,000 networks across the US, Canada, and Europe Protocol allowed for 4,294,967,296 addresses; already exceeded My first home page was in 1992 at www.colket.org

21 History of Browsing 21 Early on very cumbersome Generally login to a desired computer and search based on the directory  Every computer had its own directory structure and search application(s) In 1980, Tim Berners-Lee proposed and prototyped ENQUIRE, a system to share documents In 1990, he collaborated with Robert Cailliau on a joint proposal for the World Wide Web (WWW) or W3 project for a protocol to share information using hypertext. Became HyperText Markup Language (HTML) – defined using text This allowed people to organize information they wanted to share with Links to the information or files which could then be downloaded Requires a browser that could read these HTML files using a protocol called: HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) Many commercial browsers available today Internet Explorer (IE), Safari, Netscape, Mozilla Firefox, etc. Even Google has its own browser called “Google Chrome” You need a current browser to access latest information

22 22 Static Searches Have Web Crawlers Visit Each Node For “Public Domains”

23 Internet Quick Overview - 1 23 Wikipedia Definition: The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to serve several billion users worldwide. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocolcomputer networksInternet protocol suite It is a network of networks that consists of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks, of local to global scope, that are linked by a broad array of electronic, wireless and optical networking technologies. The Internet carries an extensive range of information resources and services, such as the inter-linked hypertext documents of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the infrastructure to support email.hypertextWorld Wide Webinfrastructure

24 Internet Quick Overview - 2 24 Browsers

25 Internet Quick Overview - 3 Alexa’s Top 500 Global Sites http://www.alexa.com/topsites/global;0www.alexa.com/topsites/global;0

26 Internet Quick Overview - 4 26 1.Google google.com 2.Baidu baidu.com Leading Chinese language search engine 3.Google India google.co.in Indian Version of Google 4.Live live.com Search Engine from Microsoft 5.Google GE google.de Leading German Search Engine 6.Google Japan google.co.jp 7.Bing bing.com Microsoft Search Engine to compete with Google 8.Google UK google.co.uk 9.Ask ask.com 10.Google France google.fr 11.Google Brazil google.com.br 12.Google Russia google.ru 13.Google Italy google.it 14.Google Spain google.es 15.Google HK google.com.hk Leading Hong Kong Search Engine 16.Google Mexico google.com.mx 17.Google Canada google.ca 18.Google Polska google.pl 19.Google NL google.nl http://www.alexa.com/topsites/global;0www.alexa.com/topsites/global;0 Alexa – Top 500 International Sites on the Web Top Search Engines : Mamma - The Mother of All Search EnginesMamma - The Mother of All Search Engines | Ixquicks | YAHOOIxquicksYAHOO Are in the noise

27 Internet Quick Overview - 4 27 Most traditional communications media including telephone, music, film, and television are being reshaped or redefined by the Internet, giving birth to new services such as voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) and Internet Protocol television (IPTV). Newspaper, book and other print publishing are adapting to Web site technology, or are reshaped into blogging and web feeds.voice over Internet ProtocolInternet Protocol televisionWeb sitebloggingweb feeds The Internet has enabled and accelerated new forms of human interactions through instant messaging, Internet forums, and social networking. Online shopping has boomed both for major retail outlets and small artisans and traders. Business-to- business and financial services on the Internet affect supply chains across entire industries. instant messagingsocial networkingOnline shoppingartisansBusiness-to- businessfinancial servicessupply chains As of June 2012, more than 2.4 billion people—over a third of the world's human population—have used the services of the Internet; approximately 100 times more people than were using it in 1995, when it was mostly used by tech-savvy middle and upper-class people in the United States and several other countries. [world's human populationUnited States

28 Internet Quick Overview - 5 28

29 Internet Quick Overview - 6 29

30 Internet Quick Overview - 7 30

31 Internet Quick Overview - 8 31

32 Internet Quick Overview - 9 32 Google Mozilla Internet Rock Sea Deepnet Avant Chrome Foxfire Explorer Opera Sarfari Maxthon Melt Monkey Explorer Browser http://internet-browser-review.toptenreviews.com/ Top Ten Reviews

33 Why Google???? 33 Google.com is America’s most visited website, according to Alexa lists the main U.S.-focused google.com site as the Internet's most visited website For the entire International Community See Google WikipediaGoogle Wikipedia Google Mission Statement to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful

34 Why Google???? 34 Mr. Popper’s Penguins Google Penguin Egg Emergency Hatch How 2011

35 o Computer Basics For Course o Conducting a Simple Google Search o History of Internet/Browsing o Problem of Searching o Solution to Search Problem o Google Search Basics o Google Results Basics o Miscellaneous Notes 35 Overview

36 Problem with Searching 36 Many search applications developed based on HTML BUT Search on Coke –117,000,000 hits Many of these are menu items at restaurants – Much useless information You have hits from every restaurant that has coke on its menu  If you are interested in Coca-Cola headquarters in Atlanta, it may not appear until item 23,672,344 How do you get RELEVANT hits???? How do you get hits ordered so that Relevant Hits are Ordered in a way that facilitates use???? Google found a way to “solve” this problem;

37 Solution to Search Problem - 1 37 1995, Sergey Brin and Larry Page while students at Stanford came up with a concept of using the strength of the Internet community. Their technology evaluated a site primarily on how many other sites linked to it and ranked search results accordingly. The technology was called PageRank (named for Larry Page) although, it does rank pages as to which page is most important. PageRank tended to return results that people found useful, Resulting in a surprisingly valuable system PageRank was patented by Stanford University. In 1997, BackRub was a PageRank application so called because the technology analyzed what was going on behind the scenes. Fall, 1997 BackRub became Google http://infolab.stanford.edu/~backrub/google.html Sergey Brin and Larry Page purchased the exclusive licensing rights to PageRank for 1,800,000 shares of Google from Stanford $1.56B

38 38 Google is an adaption of googol. A googol is the number 1 followed by 100 zeros (10E100). (from Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy). This reflects the number of WWW pages it searches. In 1998, they dropped out of Stanford to develop Google. Set up shop in the Menlo Park garage of Susan WojcickiSusan Wojcicki 1998, 50 employees. 7 million searches a day. By 2005, Google was having 250 million web searches per day. Sergey Brin’s Net Worth is 29.9 Billion Dollars (17 th richest in the world in 2014)Sergey Brin Larry Page’s Net Worth is 29.8 Billion Dollars (18 th richest in the world in 2014)Larry Page Google headquarters, the Googleplex, is located in Mountain View, California. As of March 31, 2009, the company has 19,786 full-time employees; 46,170 by May 2014 - 68 Worldwide locationsthe GoogleplexMountain View, California Solution to Search Problem - 2

39 What’s a Google? 39

40 Solution to Search Problem - 3 40 Most Relevant Results First

41 Google Search Basics - 0 41  Ready to do some Google Searching  Still a Big Problem  Need to find a way to reduce results  Google Basics Discusses way to do this on Search Query  Google Results discusses ways to do this on Results Page Simple Surname search yields millions of results Colket => 89,600 results Pelot => 477,000 results Reger => 7,650,000 results Sparrow => 63,900,000 results Johnson => 978,000,000 results Smith => 1,500,000,000 results

42 o Computer Basics For Course o Conducting a Simple Google Search o History of Internet/Browsing o Problem of Searching o Solution to Search Problem o Google Search Basics o Google Results Basics o Miscellaneous Notes 42 Overview

43 Google Search Basics - 1 43  Google cares about: Singular versus Plural – “apple” versus “apples” Order Of Words is Important for Ranking “brown bear” – things named “Brown Bear” first – 20,800,000 Hits “bear brown” – emphasis on bears – 87,000,000 Hits Spelling is Important Names originating in another alphabet have many valid transliterations Mohamed, Mohammed Pelot, Pelote, Pelotte  Google does not care about: Case Sensitivity – Hence “Samuel Pelot” = “samuel pelot” Little Words Ignored – such as I, where, how, the, of, an, for, from, how, it, in, is, single digits, single letters. If desired, use quotes. The who Is a Band Punctuation – MOST PUNCTUATION IS IGNORED. … Suggest putting Surnames first – Pelot Samuel Sometime Get Spelling Suggestions Sometimes Use Misspelled Queries Exceptions to These Rules

44 Google Search Basics - 2 44 – Apostrophes are meaningful Hence Pauls, Paul’s, and Pauls’ require 3 different searches. – A “-” before a word excludes terms – later – A “-” between 2 or more words strongly connects the words: Example: twelve-year-old dog almost like “twelve year old” – A “-” by itself is ignored – A “_” between 2 or more words also strongly connects the words Underscore when between 2 words as formal name: Quick_Sort Mary_Beth Underscore treated as a search for MaryBeth | Mary Beth | Mary_Beth – Quotes require exact match – later Exceptions: Punctuation in proper names: Google+ AB+ C++, A# $ is understood to be dollars “Nikon $400” ≠ “Nikon 400” Ditto for ¢, £, ¥. Etc. @ is understood to be an email address e.g., colket@colket.org Hashtags are understood to be trending topics #newenglandpatriots

45 Google Search Basics - 3 45  Exact Order; Exact Phrase – Use quotation marks. This techniques is especially useful for genealogy – very different results for Samuel George Pelot versus “Samuel George Pelot” George Samuel Pelot versus “George Samuel Pelot” Huh??? Should get the same number – Why??? What about the middle name? Some sources report as initial or no middle initial (nmi) “Samuel Pelot” “Samuel G Pelot” “Samuel G. Pelot” “Samuel nmi Pelot” 11,000 Hits 37 Hits 0 Hits8,670 Hits 231 Hits 24 Hits 0 Hits Most Punctuation is ignored Remember, a search for “Alexander Bell” will miss hits for “Alexander G Bell” 410,200 Hits 3,390,000 Hits with Graham 87,200 Hits with G. Does not exist

46 Google Search Basics - 4 46  Search Within Site/Domain – Identify site in query: iraq site:nytimes.com – returns hits on “Iraq” in NY Times only iraq site:.gov returns hits only from a.gov domain iraq site:.iq returns hits only from an Iraq domain Good for genealogy research: Pelot site:nytimes.com NY Times only Pelot Worldwide Pelot site:.fr French Domain Pelot site:.ch Swiss Domain Pelot site:.ca Canadian Domain Pelot site:.us US Domain (not null) Pelot site:.mil US Military Domain Pelot site:.gov US Government Domain Pelot site:.biz US Business Domain 157 Hits 394,000 Hits 14,700 Hits 1,070 Hits 2,900 Hits 2,410 Hits 89 Hits 947 Hits 5,480 Hits

47 Google Search Basics - 5 47  Exclude Terms – Use “-” preceded by a blank Say searching for anti-virus stuff for humans: anti-virus includes antivirus, anti virus, and anti-virus” anti-virus -software jaguar -cars -football and for the poor fellow with the surname of “Sparrow” Sparrow Sparrow -bird Sparrow -bird -book 132,000,000 Hits 79,100,000 Hits Can use multiple negations 63,400,000 Hits 60,400,000 Hits 45,500,000 Hits Note: “-” is part of the word for “anti-virus” Strongly Connected Note: Combinations of Search Terms can be effective

48 Google Search Basics - 6 48  OR Operator – Sometimes you want hits for either/or Use cap “OR” or OR Operator “|” Tampa Bay Buccaneers 2,620,000 Hits Tampa Bay Buccaneers 2004 298,000 Hits Tampa Bay Buccaneers 2005 409,000 Hits Tampa Bay Buccaneers 2004 2005 206,000 Hits Tampa Bay Buccaneers 2004 OR 2005 726,000 Hits Tampa Bay Buccaneers 2004 | 2005 726,000 Hits Exceptions: Phrases such as “FOR BETTER OR FOR WORSE”

49 Google Search Basics - 7 49  Feeling Lucky – Gives you the first page.  Wild Cards – Use a “*” – Works on words, not parts of words – Use a “?” – Single characters (Officially not in Google) For Questions: “"How often does Halley's comet appear?“ Pose as: “Halley’s Comet appears every * years” – it’s 76 years Also for unknown middle names Samuel * Pelot 10,700,000 Hits Difference for “Samuel * Pelot“ 7,910,000 Hits Difference for “Samuel ? Pelot“ 624 Hits Note: For Samuel Pelot 801,000 Hits and For “Samuel Pelot“ 616 Hits  Ten Word Limit – Search terms over 10 are ignored

50 Google Search Basics - 8 50  Misspellings – Try alternative spellings thousands of Web sites mention Arnold Schwarznegger 70,000 Hits though the governator spells his name "Schwarzenegger” 34,500,000 Hits Google recognizes some misspellings and provides alternatives New since Mar 2010

51 Google Search Basics - 9 51  Proximity Search Proximity Search “Samuel Pelot”~3 Hits for: Samuel Pelot 801,000 Hits “Samuel Pelot” 616 Hits “Samuel George Pelot” 27 Hits “Samuel G Pelot” 73 Hits “Samuel Pelot”~2 351 Hits (catch initial) “Samuel Pelot”~3 190 Hits “Samuel Pelot”~4 158 Hits “Samuel Pelot”~7 126 Hits “Samuel Pelot”~10 173 Hits Not Advertised Google Tool, But Common Search Tool (e.g., Archive Grid) – Seems to be Useful With Google

52 Google Search Basics - 10 52 Keep Search Terms Simple  Most Queries do not require advanced operators or unusual syntax  Simply enter name, place, product, or concept,  Simple is good  Think of terms likely to be on result pages  Don’t use My Head Hurts  Instead use Headache {term likely found on medical page}  Describe what you want in as few words as possible  Use Weather Cancun  Instead of Weather Report for Cancun Mexico  Choose Descriptive Terms  Use Celebrity Ringtones  Instead of Celebrity Sounds

53 Google Advanced Search - 1 53 Can be used to construct interesting queries Based on Basic Searches

54 Google Advanced Search - 2 54 Can be used to construct interesting queries Based on Basic Searches Date ranges can filter out a lot of stuff, But also can prevent viewing good data

55 Google Advanced Search - 3 55

56 Questions 56 Please Ask Questions if you do not Understand Anything

57 o Computer Basics For Course o Conducting a Simple Google Search o History of Internet/Browsing o Problem of Searching o Solution to Search Problem o Google Search Basics o Google Results Basics o Miscellaneous Notes 57 Overview

58 Google Results - 1 Search Term(s) Link Uniform Resource Locator (URL) Snippet Sponsored Links Start Search Result Statistics Advanced Search (Controls For Advanced Search Options) 58 Result Links Sometimes Similar Pages Cached Pages Filters

59 Google Results - 2 59 Ordered By Relevance [Indented same site, less relevant] Also sponsored links, links to news stories, Ads True, unpaid results are on the lower left Ads are on the right (no more than 10 per page) Sponsored Links on top (Ads, at a higher rate; colored background) True Unpaid Search Results => Title Text from site with Snippets of your search terms (in bold) URL => Uniform Resource Locator Size Date – NOT created/updated, but when last crawled Dataset in Jul crawl of 2014 is over 266TB containing 4.05 billion webpages Indication if Cached – Good place to go if Page Removed URL goes to current page Cached link goes to cached page – handy if page deleted or link broken Cached version is used to highlight key words File Format.html use browser.pdf – read with Adobe’s free reader at www.adobe.comwww.adobe.com.doc – read with Microsoft’s free reader at www.microsoft.comwww.microsoft.com.ppt – read with Microsoft’s free reader at www.microsoft.comwww.microsoft.com Similar Results

60 Google Results - 3 60 Location Feature – Sets default for searches Location auto-detected - by IP Address - or entered into Google Toolbar Can be changed, if you are looking for stuff in a different location **Only works in your selected country** Manually set location is stored in a “Cookie” Can also be turned off Type of Content – Limit results to a particular type of web content: Images, Videos, News, Shopping, Books, Discussions, Places, Blogs, Real-time (e.g., updates from Twitter) or select the default – Everything This is a big recent change Five years ago one had to search each database --- The databases were not integrated --- They are now --- Called Filters

61 Google Results - 4 61

62 Google Results - 5 62

63 o Computer Basics For Course o Conducting a Simple Google Search o History of Internet/Browsing o Problem of Searching o Solution to Search Problem o Google Search Basics o Google Results Basics o Miscellaneous Notes 63 Overview

64 Note on URLs 64 Results of Google Search provided as a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) URL Format: http://www.google.com.uk Domain Names: http://www.networksolutions.com/whois/index.jsphttp://www.networksolutions.com/whois/index.jsp URL for my domain name is: http://www.colket.orghttp://www.colket.org Domain name extensions include:.com.mobi.mil.gov.edu.net.info.org.biz.bz.tv Domain Name Extensions (including Country): http://www.networksolutions.com/glossary/glossary- d.jsp#domainnameextensions http://www.networksolutions.com/glossary/glossary- d.jsp#domainnameextensions Domain Name Country Extensions –.be.ca.cn.de.es. ru.com se.com.us URL Uniform Resource Locator HyperText Transfer Protocol World Wide Web Domain Name Extension Domain Name Country Extension

65 Note on IP Addresses 65 Every URL maps into a Unique Number called an IP (Internet Protocol) Address http://www.google.comhttp://www.google.com => 216.239.51.99 IPV4 in format of xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx (e.g., 208.77.188.166) 2 32 can handle 4,294,967,296 addresses Expected to run out in early 2000s IPV6 in format of x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x in late 1990s (e.g., 2001:db8:0:1234:0:567:1:1) 2 128 (or 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 ) addresses IP addresses still work as IPV4 addresses all map to IPV6 Operating systems are migrating to IPV6 (e.g., Vista uses IPV6; XP uses IPV4) Go to help/support on your computer searching for IPV6 Need Current Browser Google crawls Over 8,000,000,000 Pages each month

66 Static versus Dynamic Searches - 1 “Relevancy” might not be relevant to Researchers and Genealogists. Google’s use of Relevancy is not useful for doing many types of searches: Dynamic Databases Genealogy Searches on family surnames Obscure information Much non-business oriented information Rather unique information

67 Google Alerts - 1 “ss

68 Google Alerts - 2

69 Google Alerts - 3

70 Google Alerts - 4

71 Dynamic Searches Indexable Nodes Non Indexable Nodes Use Google, Bing, or other Search Engine Every word on Page Is indexed with web crawler Private Databases Fee/membership (e.g., Ancestry, Professional, News) Many available with Library membership Commercial Databases Shopping Or Limited to employees and customers only Public Databases City, County, State Federal Records Dark Web Static Searches Dynamic Searches

72 Static Versus Dynamic Searches - 2 72 Desired Information is in a Separate Database Auction Sites: Ebay | Craig’s List | UBid | Bid Start | Ebid | US Seek Web Pages are Private and Not Available for Google Most businesses have a public web site and a private web site Only data companies want to share is available via Google Limited Access Web Sites – Typically for profit sites, e.g., ACM’s Digital Library – No Google access at all Ancestory.com – Google provides “Teaser” results to entice membership Chicago Tribune – Get “Teaser” hits on Google, but have to pay to access data Many Models The dark web Archive Grid New York Times Database

73 Future of WWW 73 IHS estimates that wearable-technology companies could sell up to 9.4 million devices by 2016, a figure that includes smart glasses, smart wristbands and smart watches. However, privacy advocates warn that users must think carefully about giving companies even more streams of data about their lives. While Google has not offered official guidance on how it plans to navigate the privacy or etiquette questions surrounding its Google Glass project, some developers have addressed the topic. Alexandria, VA-based developer Noble Ackerson has created etiquette tip cards that aim to dispel some of the myths about people wearing these devices. Google Glass Video Sergy Brin

74 Questions 74 Please Ask Questions if you do not Understand Anything


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