1. Fire Management Communication Firefighter I

2. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Copyright and Terms of Service Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2011. These materials are copyrighted © and trademarked ™ as the property of the Texas Education Agency (TEA) and may not be reproduced without the express written permission of TEA, except under the following conditions: 1) Texas public school districts, charter schools, and Education Service Centers may reproduce and use copies of the Materials and Related Materials for the districts’ and schools’ educational use without obtaining permission from TEA. 2) Residents of the state of Texas may reproduce and use copies of the Materials and Related Materials for individual personal use only, without obtaining written permission of TEA. 3) Any portion reproduced must be reproduced in its entirety and remain unedited, unaltered and unchanged in any way. 4) No monetary charge can be made for the reproduced materials or any document containing them; however, a reasonable charge to cover only the cost of reproduction and distribution may be charged. Private entities or persons located in Texas that are not Texas public school districts, Texas Education Service Centers, or Texas charter schools or any entity, whether public or private, educational or non-educational, located outside the state of Texas MUST obtain written approval from TEA and will be required to enter into a license agreement that may involve the payment of a licensing fee or a royalty. Contact TEA Copyrights with any questions you may have.TEA Copyrights 2

3. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. National Incident Management System (NIMS) In response to September 11, 2001, President George W. Bush issued the Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5 (_____________) in February 2003 HSPD-5 – Called for a NIMS The Secretary of the Department of ________ __________announced the establishment of NIMS in March 2004 The key feature of NIMS is the Incident Command System (____) NIMS training is available on the Internet at www.fema.gov/nimswww.fema.gov/nims – Identified steps for improved coordination of federal, state, local, and private industry response to _________ – Described the way these agencies will prepare for such a response 3

4. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. The Incident Command System (ICS) ___________ – occurrence that requires response actions to prevent or minimize loss of life or damage to property and/or the environment (FEMA, 2005) ICS has an organizational structure that is adaptable to any kind of incident to which a fire agency is likely to respond It is not always possible for only one agency to handle all of the needed management and resources during an incident _____________ between agencies is often required Is a standardized, on-scene, all-hazard incident management system 4

5. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. The Incident Command System (ICS) (continued) Allows users to ______an integrated organizational structure to match the complexities and demands of single or multiple incidents without being hindered by _______________boundaries Is extremely flexible Is __________ to the size and complexity of the incident it is being used to manage Is a __________ management system Is the result of decades of lessons learned about the organization and management of emergency incidents 5

6. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. The Incident Command System (ICS) (continued) Represents organizational “____ _______” Has become the standard for emergency management Is required by NIMS for all ________responses Is the condition of receiving federal preparedness ________ Requires that every incident have a _______ or written Incident Action Plan (IAP) 6

7. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. History of ICS Developed in _____ by Firefighting Resources of Southern California Organized for Potential Emergencies (FIRESCOPE) Developed after a series of catastrophic fires in the ________ Wildland-Urban Interface Lessons learned – Inadequate ___________ management – Lack of accountability – Poor _______________ Inefficient use of available communication systems Conflicting codes and _____________________ – Lack of systematic planning – No common, predesigned management ___________ – No predefined methods to integrate inter-agencies 7

8. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Modular Organization of ICS Develops from the top-down Is based upon the _______and the complexity of the incident Expands as functional responsibilities are _______ Incident Commander (IC) rule: “What you do not assign you assume” 8

9. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Management by Objectives Is an approach used to communicate functional actions throughout the ICS organization The first objective for all incidents is to “__________ for responders and public safety” – Responders are ____ _______________ Emergency Management Services (EMS) _______________ – Is implied in the unwritten IAP – Is written in the formal IAP 9

10. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Management by Objectives (continued) Is accomplished through the incident action planning process, which includes the following steps: – Understand the agency policy and __________ – Assess the incident situation – Establish the incident ___________ – Select the appropriate ___________ – Apply the tactics appropriate to the strategy – Provide a follow-up 10

11. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Reliance on the IAP IAP – is an oral or written plan containing general objectives reflecting the overall ________ for managing an incident that includes the identification of operational resources and assignments (FEMA, 2005) – Is required (verbally or in writing) for every incident – Provides all incident _____________ personnel with directions for the actions to be implemented – Includes measurable strategic _____________ – Is prepared around a timeframe called the operational period 11

12. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Reliance on the IAP (continued) Provides a ___________ means of communicating the overall incident objectives in the context of both operational and support activities Must include at least four elements – _______________________________? – ________________________________? – How do we ______________ with each other? – What is the ______________ if someone is injured? 12

13. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Reliance on the IAP (continued) _____________-materials incidents require written IAPs An IAP must be provided to responding resources in a _____________so that – They are clear on the objectives, and the plan to accomplish them – The hazards are ___________, along with the actions taken to mitigate them 13

14. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Manageable Span of Control Span of _____________ pertains to the number of individuals or resources that one supervisor can manage effectively (FEMA, 2005) Safety and a___________ are the top priorities An effective span of control varies from three to __________ resources The recommended span of control is a ratio of one supervisor to five resources 14

15. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Manageable Span of Control (continued) Influences to consider on the span of control – 1. – 2. – 3. – 4. 15

16. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Pre-designated Incident Locations and Facilities Incident activities may be accomplished from a variety of _____________ __________and support facilities that are identified and established by the IC 16

17. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Incident Facilities: ICP Incident Command Post (ICP) – the location where the IC oversees all of the incident operations – There is generally one ICP for each incident – The ICP may ___________ _____________during the event – The ICP may be located in a – 1. – 2. – 3. – 4. – The ICP is designated by the name of the incident 17

18. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Incident Facilities: Staging Areas __________ ____________- temporary locations at an incident where personnel and equipment are kept while waiting for ___________ assignments (FEMA, 2005) – Resources are always in “available” status and should be ready to respond within _____ minutes – The staging areas are Close enough to the incident for a timely response Distant enough from the incident to be out of the immediate impact zone – There may be more than one staging area 18

19. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Incident Facilities: Staging Areas (continued) The staging areas may be co-located with – ICP – _________ – the location where primary logistics and administration functions are coordinated and administered (FEMA, 2005) May be co-located with the ICP Designated by the incident name Established and managed by the Logistics Section Only one base per incident 19

20. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Incident Facilities: Staging Areas (continued) The staging areas may be co-located with (continued) – ________ – the location where resources may be kept to support incident operations if a base is inaccessible to all resources or if the scale of the incident is large enough to require extended transportation times from the base to the tactical work ____________ (FEMA, 2005) Is a temporary location within the general incident area Is equipped and staffed with – 1. – 2. – 3. – 4. Designated by _____________ location or number Multiple camps may be used, but not all incidents have camps 20

21. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Incident Facilities: Staging Areas (continued) The staging areas may be co-located with (continued) – _____________ – the location where helicopter- centered air operations are conducted Used generally on a long-term basis Includes such services as – Fueling – Maintenance Designated by the name of the incident – _____________ – a temporary location where helicopters can safely land and take off Multiple helispots may be used 21

22. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Resource Management Tactical resources – are always classified as being in one of the following statuses – ________________ – working the assignment – Available resources – ready for the assignment – ________________ – not ready or available for assigned resources status Support resources include 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 22

23. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Resource Management (continued) Includes the processes for – _____________ resources – Ordering resources – _____________ ________________ – Tracking resources – _____________ resources – Reimbursement for resources 23

24. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Integrated Communications The use of a common communication ________ is essential to ensure that responders can communicate with one another Communication equipment, ____________, and systems must operate across jurisdictions (______________) Developing an integrated voice and data communication system, which includes equipment, systems, and protocols, must occur prior to an incident Effective ICS communications include three elements – ________ – the “hardware” systems that transfer information – ________ – for the use of all available communication resources – ________ – the procedures and processes for transferring information internally and externally 24

25. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Chain of Command and Unity of Command _____________– an orderly line of authority within the ranks of the organization ______________– every individual is accountable to only one designated supervisor ________________may be carried out in two ways – Single Command – the IC has complete responsibility for incident management – Unified Command – the responding agencies and/or jurisdictions with responsibility for the incident share the incident management 25

26. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Unified Command May be needed for incidents involving – Multiple jurisdictions with and without multi-agency involvement – Single jurisdiction with multiple agencies sharing responsibility Allows agencies with different ________, geographic, and functional authorities and responsibilities to work together Uses a single _________ to direct activities Is needed because incidents have no regard for jurisdictional ____________ Establishes the required unified objectives in the IAP ICs – 1. – 2. 26

27. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Transfer of Command Is the process of moving responsibility from one IC to ________ Includes a transfer of command briefing, which may be oral, written, or a combination of both Occurs __________ at a predetermined time and is then announced on all incident radio frequencies Is the method used by federal incident management teams – ________ – response operations must be directed and coordinated per IAP – _________________– each individual must be assigned to only one supervisor – Span of Control – supervisors must be able to adequately supervise and control their subordinates – Resource tracking – supervisors must record and report resource status changes as they occur 27

28. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Transfer of Command (continued) May occur when – A more qualified person assumes the command – The incident situation changes over time, resulting in a legal requirement to change the command – A change of command makes good sense (i.e. an Incident Management Team takes command of an incident from a local jurisdictional unit due to increased incident complexity) – There is normal turnover of ______________during long or extended incidents – The incident response is concluded and the incident responsibility is transferred back to the home agency 28

29. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Mobilization At any incident, the situation must be assessed and the response planned To accomplish the incident objectives, the resources must be – 1. – 2. – 3. Resources must be managed to adjust to changing conditions Managing resources safely and effectively is the most important consideration at an incident Personnel and equipment should respond only when requested or when dispatched by the appropriate authority No resource should self-dispatch to an incident 29

30. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Information and Intelligence Management The incident management organization must establish a process for – 1. – 2. Managing incident-related information and intelligence 30

31. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Information and Intelligence Management (continued) Intelligence includes not only national security or other types of classified information but also other operational information from various sources, such as – 1. – 2. – 3. – 4. – 5. – 6. – 7. 31

32. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. The Five Major Management Functions Incident Command – Sets the incident objectives, strategies, and priorities – Has the overall responsibility for the incident ________________ – Conducts the operations to reach the incident objectives – Establishes the tactics and directs all of the operational resources _____________ – Supports the incident action process by Tracking the resources Collecting/analyzing information Maintaining documentation 32

33. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. The Five Major Management Functions (continued) Logistics – Provides resources and needed services to support the achievement of the incident objectives Finance/Administration – 1. – 2. – 3. – 4. – 5. 33

34. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Organizational Structure The IC has the overall responsibility for managing the incident – ______________________________________ – Establishes the planning strategies – Implements the tactics – Is the only position that is always staffed in ICS applications – _______________________________________ – Is responsible for all of the ICS management functions until he or she delegates the function – Follows the rule “what you do not assign you assume” 34

35. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Organizational Structure (continued) Additional IC Responsibilities – Ensures incident safety – Provides information services to internal and external stakeholders – _____________________________________________ – Appoints one or more deputies (A Deputy IC must be as qualified as the IC) Selecting and Changing ICs – Rank, grade, and seniority are not the factors used to select the IC – The IC is always a highly qualified individual trained to lead the incident response 35

36. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Organizational Structure (continued) ICS Sections – Have the capability to expand or contract to meet the needs of the incident – ___________________________________________ – Often require the IC to accomplish or manage personally all aspects of the incident organization on smaller incidents 36

37. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Organizational Structure (continued) ICS Position Titles – To maintain its span of control, the ICS can be divided into many levels of supervision – Use the specific ICS position titles to serve three important purposes 1. 2. 3. 37

38. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Organizational Structure (continued) Expanding the Organization – As the incident grows, the IC may delegate authority for the performance of certain activities to the Command Staff – 1. – 2. – 3. General Staff – Operations – Planning – Logistics – Finance/Administration – Note: the person in charge of each section is designated as a Chief – The IC adds positions only as needed 38

39. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Organizational Structure: Operations Section Chief Develops and manages the Operations Section to accomplish the incident objectives set by the IC Is normally the person with the greatest technical and tactical expertise for dealing with the problem presented by the incident Is in charge of all of the tactical resources assigned to the incident The following supervisory levels can be added to help manage the Operations Section’s span of control – 1. – 2. – 3. – 4. – 5. – 6. 39

40. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Organizational Structure: Planning Section Units Resources Unit – Conducts all check-in activities – Maintains the status of all incident resources – Plays a significant role in preparing the written IAP ______________Unit – Collects and analyzes information on the current situation – Prepares situation displays and situation summaries – Develops maps and projections 40

41. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Organizational Structure: Logistics Section Is created by the IC if he or she determines that there is a need for a Logistics Section at the incident Is responsible for all of the services and support needs _____________ Section: Branches and Units – Are established based on need – Titles of units are descriptive of their responsibilities – The Logistics Service Branch can be staffed to include Communication Unit Medical Unit Food Unit – The Logistics Support Branch can be staffed to include 1. 2. 3. 41

42. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Organizational Structure: Finance Administration Section Is created for any incident that requires incident- specific financial management Is responsible for – Contract ______________ and monitoring – Timekeeping – Cost ______________ – Compensation for injury or damage to property Finance Administration Section Units – Procurement Unit – ___________________ – ____________________ – Compensation/Claims Unit 42

43. Copyright © Texas Education Agency 2013. All rights reserved. Images and other multimedia content used with permission. Resources 0135151112, Essentials of Firefighting (5 th Edition), International Fire Service Training Association (IFSTA) 1439058428, Introduction to Fire Protection (4 th Edition), Klinoff, Robert www.fema.gov/nims 43