1. The Mexican Army
The infantry is made up of mostly conscripts. Conscripts are people forced to become soldiers
Officers are inexperienced
Although most of the soldiers are inexperienced, they are an organized army

2. The Texan Army
Mostly made up of volunteers fighting for a independence
Texans are not organized army but have a cause
Choose their commanders and are good shots
Most of Texan army are from the South

3. Santa Anna President of Mexico and commands military
Dictator who rules with an iron fist
Wants to regain control of Texas and stop the revolution. Uses very ruthless (cruel) tactics
Orders no prisoners are to be taken

4. William B.Travis Shares command with Jim Bowie until Bowie becomes ill
Writes letters to Sam Houston and other Texans asking for help at Alamo
Thinks that he will have more time to get troops and trusts the Alamo’s defenses

5. Santa Anna’s Advance
Santa Anna marches over 1800 Mexican troops north from Mexico City to San Antonio
Face harsh weather and attacks by Native Americans

6. Why the Alamo? Mexican reasoning: Texans reasoning:
Santa Ann wants to regain control of Texas
San Antonio is largest city in Texas.
San Antonio is located in prime position for supply routes to and from Mexico
Texans reasoning:
Alamos sits on an important road
Travis and Bowie felt that they could hold the Alamo and felt safe there
Alamo could slow down the Mexican army because it is in the middle of Texas

7. The Siege of the Alamo The siege begins on February 26, 1836
Texans are outnumbered 8 to 1
It is a fortified area which covers three acres and has several cannons
Texans believe that reinforcements will come

8. The Siege of the Alamo
The Mexican army pounds the Alamo daily with cannon fire
The Mexican army surrounds the Alamo
Travis knows Texans will face “certain death” but chooses to make a stand

9. Mexican Artillery pound the Alamo walls daily.

10. The Battle of the Alamo: Phase One
Santa Anna begins the attack on March 6th at 5:00 AM
Mexican infantry attacks the Alamo from three sides
Texans cannon fire forces Mexican troops to bunch up near the north wall

11. The Battle of the Alamo: Phase Two
Mexican infantry breaches North wall
80 Texans make an attempt to escape by running out of Alamo
The Mexican cavalry will catch them and kill all the escaping Texans

12. The Battle of the Alamo: Phase Three
Mexican infantry inside the Alamo turns Texan’s own cannons against them
The fighting is vicious hand to hand combat

13. The Aftermath All Alamo defenders are killed
Some believe that 6 Texans, including Davy Crockett survive the fighting and are executed
Texans rally behind the cry “Remember the Alamo.”

14. Other Battles
While the Battle of the Alamo is going on in San Antonio…
Another battalion of Mexican troops under General Urrea attacks San Patricio on Feb. 27
Urrea wins battles at San Patricio and Refugio and defeats another section of the Texan army near Victoria.
Urrea moves toward Goliad to meet Colonel James Fannin

15. Fannin’s Mistake
General Sam Houston orders Fannin to retreat from Goliad
Houston does not think that the Texans are ready to fight
Fannin originally decided to try to help at the Alamo and then returned to Goliad, delaying his retreat
As he tries to fall back to Victoria, General Urrea’s troops catch up to Fannin’s army.

16. Defeat at Coleto Creek General Urrea has about 400 Troops
Fannin has about 300
Fighting breaks out at Coleto Creek, just north of Goliad.
General Urrea receives reinforcements overnight and Fannin is outnumbered.
Fannin is forced to surrender
Colonel James Fannin

17. Massacre at Goliad
Urrea sends Fannin and his troops back to Goliad and asks Santa Anna what to do with the prisoners
Santa Anna orders that prisoners were to be executed.
Fannin is the last to be shot; around 350 Texan troops are murdered on March 27th.
Texan soldiers are lined up and shot at Goliad massacre.

18. New Rally Cry “Remember the Alamo” has already been a rally cry
Texans are now motivated by massacre at Goliad and “Remember Goliad” becomes another rally cry.
Santa Anna has all the momentum and Texans feel like victory may be out of reach….

19. Houston’s Army retreats
Houston has been strengthening his army near Gonzales. When he hears the Alamo has fallen, his army retreats toward Austin.
He finds out that Fannin and his troops are massacres at Goliad and his 1,400 troops reach Austin. The Runaway Scrape- Texan families and troops retreat to Austin during heavy rains with little provisions (food/supplies)
As the Mexican army marches toward Austin, General Houston is preparing his troops for another major battle….

20. The Battle of San Jacinto
Santa Anna is trying to reach Texan ad-interim President David G. Burnett near Galveston.
While Santa Anna’s army is resting near the San Jacinto River, General Houston’s troops arrive just ¾ of a mile away.

21. Houston orders the attack
After meeting with his commanders, Houston calls for the attack of the Mexican camp around 3:30 in the afternoon.
Mexican soldiers are resting after lunch and are unaware that the Texans were nearby.
Deaf Smith cuts off the supply route and Mirabeau Lamar, a Texan soldier who has quickly risen through the ranks, cuts off the Mexican escape routes.

22. “Remember the Alamo Remember Goliad!”
The Texans army shouts their rally cries as the Mexican soldiers are caught off guard.
Texans use the “twin sisters,” two large cannons to pound the Mexican camps.
Hand to hand combat again breaks out
After 20 minutes, the Texans have won, although killing continues through the night.

23. Santa Anna Surrenders
Santa Anna had fled when the Texans attacked and was found hiding in some tall grass just outside the battle site.
He had dressed in a regular Mexican troop’s uniform to disguise himself. One of his own men point him out to the Texans.
He had been wounded in the leg, and Houston had been shot in the ankle.
Santa Anna surrenders to Sam Houston on May 14, 1836.

24. Treaties of Velasco
After the fighting, ad-interim President David Burnett moves the Texas Capital to Velasco
Santa Anna signs two peace treaties at Velasco, one public and one private.
He promises to never again fight against the Texans and to withdraw all Mexican troops from Texas.
In the private treaty, he promises to recognize Texan independence with the Rio Grande as the boundary.