1. 9 th Grade World History

2. Colonialism: A policy in which a nation gains complete control over another foreign nation.

3. Population growth in Europe More land needed for natural resources. Higher demand for goods. Competition between countries for land.

4. 1400’s: Explorers such as Columbus find new lands. 1500’s: Countries become rich from goods from new lands. Portugal and Spain gain a monopoly over trade in Americas and East Indies because of strong fleet of ships. 1588: Spanish Armada is Defeated. England, France, and Denmark begin competing for colonies.

5. A Monopoly is when a person, business or country has complete or most control of a certain industry. For Example: Portugal and Spain had a monopoly on trade in the Americas and the East Indies.

6. Determine why other European countries wanted land in the America’s. What are the positives and negatives of a monopoly?

8. Created in 1600s by France, Denmark and Britain to end Portuguese Monopoly. Goal: Establish trading colonies for spices in India. Very strict against pirates on the Atlantic Ocean.

9. North and South America, first colonized by Spanish after Columbus. Americas were divided up between European countries. Good resource for raw materials: Sugar, cotton, tobacco, lumber, etc. Many wars occurred between European countries over colonies in the Americas.

10. Spanish established colonies for sugar, tobacco, gold and silver in South America and Mexico/Florida region. First tried to use Native Americans for labor. Native Americans died of diseases such as smallpox and syphilis and also rebelled. New source of labor was needed.

11. The Triangle Trade Slaves from Africa were good source of labor. Immune to many diseases, bought at cheap price. Leaders of African tribes would sell their people to Europeans in exchange for man made goods like guns and liquor. Slaves would go to the Americas to farm cotton, tobacco and other raw materials to go back to Europe. Slavery begins.

13. Slave trade begins the African Diaspora: Mass migration of a people away from their native/home land.

14. Ec onomic System used by European Colonists Based on the idea that all business and colonies should be used to help/benefit the national economy. Colonies should ONLY trade with their mother country. Countries should get as much land as possible. Goal was to sell goods for money that went to the government, NOT buy goods from other countries. Large supply of good and silver=nations weatlth!

15. The Father of Economics, wrote “Wealth of Nations” in 1776. Believed that mercantilism was bad because it did not allow for competition in the economy. Believed in Laissez faire economy: Government should leave the economy alone, not interfere. No government restrictions on trade. Prices would be lower and products would be better with competition.

16. Tell me your thoughts on Mercantilism. Do you feel Adam Smith was correct or not about the idea of a Laissez faire economy.