2. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO UN Inter-Agency Workshop on Capacity Building/Development Geneva, 20-22 November 2002 Presented by Mr. Bernardo Calzadilla-Sarmiento Senior Advisor - UNIDO Office at Geneva UNIDO’S ACTIVITIES RELATED TO CAPACITY BUILDING IN THE FIELD OF MARKET ACCESS

3. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO UNIDOs Integrated programme approach UNIDOs Market AccessConceptual framework: the 3 Cs approach SPS related case Study: Lake Victoria Project UNIDO’S ACTIVITIES RELATED TO CAPACITY BUILDING IN THE FIELD OF MARKET ACCESS

4. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO UNIDO INTEGRATED PROGRAMMES (IPs) aim at improving industrial competitiveness and thereby contribute to poverty reduction. To optimise the chances of achieving this, the focus of integration is at the level of the UNIDO Service Modules selected for the programme, as well as at the level of donor mechanisms, national counterparts and other development activities in the country or region. THE INTEGRATED PROGRAMME APPROACH

5. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO Service Module Approach Industrial Governance and statistics Investment and technology promotion Quality and productivity Small business development Agro-industries Industrial energy and Kyoto Protocol Montreal Protocol Environmental Management

6. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ECONOMY The 8 Service Modules  “Competitive Economy” - or Making Industry more Efficient EMPLOYMENT ECONOMY  “Productive Employment” - or Promoting Employment in Industry  “Sound Environment” - or Environmentally Friendly Industry …..grouped in “3Es”: ENVIRONMENT SID

7. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO Montreal Protocol Small Business Development Agro-Industries Industrial Governance & Statistics Quality & Productivity Investment & Technology Promotion Industrial Energy & Kyoto Protocol Environmental Management L E V E L OF I N T E R V E N T I O N POLICY INSTITUTIONAL ENTERPRISE Integrated Packages of Services COMPETITIVE ECONOMY Making industry more efficient PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT Promoting employment in industry SOUND ENVIRONMENT Environmentally friendly industry

8. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO UNIDOs Integrated programme approach UNIDOs Market Access conceptual framework: the 3 Cs approach SPS related case Study: Lake Victoria Project UNIDO’S ACTIVITIES RELATED TO CAPACITY BUILDING IN THE FIELD OF MARKET ACCESS

9. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ARE TAKING LIMITED ADVANTAGE OF IMPROVED ACCESS CONDITIONS BECAUSE: They have serious shortfalls in capabilities They face major non-tariff barriers to trade They have to adapt to the multilateral trading system

10. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO CAPACITY SHORTFALLS often incompatible with international standards. Standards Metrology and testing no recognized laboratory capacities. Supply unable to produce goods of competitive quality and quantity. Tradelittle say in international trade agreements Marketing and export promotion unable to identify and attract target consumers

11. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO

12. MARKET ACCESS FACILITATION INTERNATIONAL RULES FOR TRADE TRANSPORTATION & TRANSIT TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE (TBT) NON – TARIFF BARRIERS AFFECTING MARKET ACCESS SANITARY & PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES (SPS) REGISTRATION, DOCUMENTATION & CUSTOMS ISSUES INVESTMENT & FINANCIAL MATTERS

13. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO “Countries must have marketable products to sell” Pre-conditions for Market Access – The Main Problem Areas “Products must meet market/client requirements” “Rules for trade, customs must be harmonized”

14. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO Connect to the Market MARKETSMARKETS PRODUCTS PRODUCTS Products to Market ….by upgrading supply capacities and standards infrastructures Develop Competitive Manufacturing Capability Prove Conformity with Market Requirements CompeteConformConnect

15. INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS & RULES FOR TRADE WTO INVESTMENT FACILITATION FINANCIAL FLOWS UNCTAD STANDARDS & CONFORMITY ASSESSMNT INFRASTRUCTURE (TBT, SPS) UNIDO, FAO, WHO CUSTOMS PROCEDURES TRANSPORTATION DOCUMENTATION UNCTAD, IMO SUPPLY DEVELOPMENT (Capacity & Competitiveness) UNIDO EXPORT PROMOTION ITC A CONCERTED INTER-AGENCY STRATEGY FACILITATES MARKET ACCESS CompeteConformConnect

16. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO UNIDOs Integrated programme approach UNIDOs Market AccessConceptual framework: the 3 Cs approach Capacity Building: Lake Victoria Project UNIDO’S ACTIVITIES RELATED TO CAPACITY BUILDING IN THE FIELD OF MARKET ACCESS

17. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO Case of Victorian Lake Fish industry Situation Before Major fish industry (Nile perch) developed around Lake Victoria, shared by Tanzania 51%, Uganda 43% and Kenya 6% Revenues from exports exceeded USD 200 million/year Employment for almost 500.000 people Favorable ground for local suppliers and complementary industries.

18. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO Case of Victorian Lake Fish industry Effect of Lake Fish Poisoning EU export ban imposed in 1999 Fish exports dropped by 50% in Tanzania and Uganda 30% of workers lost their jobs Most of the fish factories closed or worked far below capacity

19. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO Case of Victorian Lake Fish industry Challenge – Project Objectives Identify immediate and structural deficiencies Establish solid foundation for fish safety system Lift the ban imposed by EU

20. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO GOVERNMENT (GENERAL) LEVEL INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK LEVEL ENTERPRISE LEVEL (OPERATORS) CONSUMER LEVEL (MARKET) THE CHALLENGES – LAKE VICTORIA Appropriate strategy for risk analysis, management and communication Appropriate food control legislation (FAO) Coordination and monitoring mechanisms involving all the stakeholders

21. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO GOVERNMENT (GENERAL) LEVEL INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK LEVEL ENTERPRISE LEVEL (OPERATORS) CONSUMER LEVEL (MARKET) THE CHALLENGES – LAKE VICTORIA Inspection (regulations enforcement, system auditing and product certification, hazard identification and analysis) Support services: Testing analyses (GLP-accredit. ISO17025), standardization, metrology, training and certification bodies; etc.

22. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO GOVERNMENT (GENERAL) LEVEL INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK LEVEL ENTERPRISE LEVEL (OPERATORS) CONSUMER LEVEL (MARKET) THE CHALLENGES – LAKE VICTORIA Strengthening individual and collective awareness and skills of personal Implementing GHP and HACCP based programs with benchmarking mechanisms Implementing quality management systems

23. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO GOVERNMENT (GENERAL) LEVEL INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK LEVEL ENTERPRISE LEVEL (OPERATORS) CONSUMER LEVEL (MARKET) THE CHALLENGES – LAKE VICTORIA Collective awareness through the media Education focusing on young generation through school programs Strengthening capacity of consumers organizations

24. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO Case of Victorian Lake Fish industry Project Implementation Integrated corrective actions taken by UNIDO in partnership with 1.Uganda National Bureau of Standards 2.Tanzania Bureau of Standards 3.Federation of Kenya Employers 4.Lake Victoria Fishers Cooperative 5.UNDP, WHO, FAO, DFID 3 years, USD 4.6 million Sources of funds: Austria, Denmark, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK, UNDP, UNIDO

25. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO Case of Victorian Lake Fish industry Results achieved Organizational and regulatory framework for fish industry improved, service capacity for fish inspection strengthened Testing laboratories locally available and internationally recognized In-plant group training carried out in 17 factories for 950 staff and critical mass of expertise provided to processing plants in GHP, HACCP, ISO 9000 Quality control upgraded at all levels EU ban lifted by the end of 2000 and new market in US opened

26. UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO ~ UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ~ UNIDO Case of Victorian Lake Fish industry Lessons learned Building up the competent authority and establishing QMS and HACCP systems was essential for restarting fish exports. Strengthening simultanuoesly local support institutions such as standardization bodies and testing houses, inspection and certification bodies was decisive to regain the EU market and get access to new markets. A CONCERTED INTER-AGENCY STRATEGY INVOLVING ALL STAKEHOLDERS WAS INDISPENSABLE TO ACHIEVE IMPACT

27. http://www.unido.org