1. ILC Detector R&D Activities in Asia Akiya Miyamoto KEK CIAW07 November 5-7, IHEP, Beijing, China

2. Contents Introduction – ILC Physics – Detector challenges – Detector Concepts Detector R&D activities in Asia – Simulation Studies – Calorimeter – Main tracker – Vertex Detector – Pair Monitor Summary See presentations in the detector WG 5 November 2007 2 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

3. Opportunities at ILC Collisions of elementary particles High Energy and High Luminosity Variable beam energy Polarized beam Very sensitive detectors Trigger free Precise theoretical calculation Precise physics information in wide range of energy LHC gives us new single global mixed picture. ILC gives us new dynamic multi-dimensional total views. 5 November 2007 3 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

4. ILC Physics Higgs study in all modes 4-jet 2-jet+missing 2 lepton+X SUSY: Precise determination of masses and couplings Cosmology and ILC: LSP masses and Dark matters ILC ACFA WG Precision EW measurement:  m t /m t ≤ 5x10 -4 5 November 2007 4 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

5. Challenges of ILC Trackers Higgs by recoil mass meas.  p T /p T 2 =2x10 -5 H+-H+- 4 layers: r=2.4~6cm, 0.3X 0 /layer, 5 layers: r=1.2~6cm, 0.15X 0 /layer, b/c tagging Crucial for * Br(H  ff), Q(jet) * Reduce combinatorial bkg. in multi-jet events.  IP ≈ 5  10/(p  sin 3/2  )  m  IP ≈ 5  25/(p  sin 3/2  )  m 5 November 2007 5 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto 1/10 resol. wrt. LHC 1/5 Rbp. wrt. LHC

6. Challenges of ILC Calorimeter 5 November 2007CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto 6 LEP det. Study H to VV coupling at H.E. ILC det. Mh in jet mode Factor 2 improvements in  E jet /E jet is equivalent of 40% gain in luminosity

7. Detectors for ILC GLD + LDC  ILD for LOI Small cell Cal. Gaseous Tracker 3T Small cell Cal. Silicon Tracking 5T SiD GLD LDC Small cell Cal. Gaseous Tracker 3T 4th Dual-readout Cal. Gaseous Tracker 3.5T(Dual Sol.) 5 November 2007 7 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

8. Concepts - Technologies 8 5 November 2007CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

9. Studies by Simulation Studies of performance of GLD, based on Geant4 ROOT based framework, JSF, are used for decelopments of detector simulator (Jupiter) and reconstruction codes(Satellites). – Kalman track fitter for studies of tracking performance – Particle Flow studies – Studies of beam induced backgrounds/effects to detector performance GLD geometry in Jupiter A typical e + e -  ZH       X events at Ecm=350GeV 5 November 2007 9 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

10. Some results by simulation GLD-PFA:  E jet /E jet ~30%/ √E for Z-pole events Not good for high energy jets. Momentum resolution Recently, we analyzed GLD Jupiter data by PandoraPFA and better resolution for high energy jets have been obtained. But parameter tuning of analysis code is not completed yet. 1x10 -5 5 November 2007 10 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

11. Calorimeter PFA Calorimeter: – ECAL: Scintillator &W 1x5cm 2, 33 layers, ~10M channels – HCAL: Scintillator & Fe(Pb) 1x20cm 2 & 4x4cm 2, 46 layers, ~6M channels – Sensor inside 3T magnet Photon sensor: Multi-Pixel Photon Counter – Under development by Hamamatsu Photonics and many other companies. – High Gain (~10 6 ), High Efficient(~60%) Low operating voltage(~60V), Good even in 5 Tesla, will be cheap. 11 Kobe, Shinshu, Niigata, Tsukuba, Tokyo(Japan), Kyungpook(Korea), TIFR(India) 5 November 2007CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

12. Multi Pixel Photon Counter Merits of Silicon Photon Pixel Counter – Work in Magnetic Field – Very compact and can directly mount on the fiber – High gain (~10 6 ) with a low bias voltage (25~80V) – Photon counting capability 12 MPPC(HPK) Each pixel operates as giger mode.  # of hit pixcels = # of photons  Dynamic range is limited by ~ # of pixels, ( ~ a few x 10 3 ) Single photon count 5 November 2007CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

13. Tests of MPPC Calorimeter CALICE beam tests have been performed at DESY and CERN – 2 types of scinti. strips by KNU(Korea) and 1 by Kuraray (Japan) with MPPC readout (~800 pcs) Extruded/covered by TiO2 DESY beamtests W(3.5mm t ) Scinti. (3.5mm t ) 5 November 2007 13 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

14. Silicon Sensor for EM Calorimeter Fabricated on 380um 5’ high resistivity wafer 4 x 4 matrix ( a pixel: 1.55 x 1.37 cm 2 ) A sensor size : 6.52 x 5.82 cm 2 (including 3 guard rings ) DC coupled 3 Guard Rings 60um 20um N-type silicon wafer of 5 ㏀ SiO 2 p+p+ Al Guard Ring Pixels(Signal) 380 ㎛ by Korean group 5 November 2007 14 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

15. Beam Direction Layers of Si sensors and Tungstens Frontend readout boards Digital and Control Boards Beam Test at CERN SPS H2 beam line  Data Run - electron 150,100,80,50,30,20,10 GeV - hadron 150 GeV - muon 150 GeV Fit curve : 29%/√E Further analysis in progress 5 November 2007 15 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

16. Time Projection Chamber Principle of TPC 16 Drift Time  Z position Position at Pad plane  r  position Challenges To achieve   2m  MWPC (large ExB not good)  MPGD readout R&D issues Gas amplification in MPGD : GEM, MicroMegas Properties of chamber gas: drift velocity, diffusion Ion feedback control B E 5 November 2007CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto Gaseous Tracker

17. MPGD TPC: Basic Properties TPC with read out by Micro Pattern Gaseous Detector is studied at KEK PS in 2004-2005 Tests by KEK 4GeV hadron beam and 1.2T PCMAC GEM Beam tests established a model  ILC goal can be met. Choice of a TPC gas, effects of space charge and non-uniform B field are yet to be studied. 5 November 2007 17 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

18. LCTPC In order to demonstrate the full volume tracking with non uniform magnetic field, beam tests by the best-at-present MPGD TPC candidates, achieving the expected resolution for LC TPC, are scheduled in 2008 using PCMAG This is a joint work of LCTPC international collaboration : Member institutes in Asia Tsinghua (China), Hiroshima, KEK, Kiniki, Saga, Kogakuin, Tokyo UA&T, Tokyo, Tsukuba (Japan), Mindanao SU IIT(Philippine) Field mapping of PCMAG at DESY Endplate: 80cm  7 modules ~10k readout channels Pre proto-type pad plates 5 November 2007 18 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

19. VTX Silicon Tracker: by Korean Group IT-Barrel IT-Forward >2 IT layers improve Momentum Resolution Geant4 based simulation study Si strip detectors and read out electronics are developed AC TRK1 P+width:200um Al wdth:220um AC TRK2 P+width:300um Al wdth:320um DC TRK1 P+width:400um Al wdth:420um DC TRK2 P+width:600um Al wdth:620um Poly-Si Resists PIN diode Test patterns AC type Pitch:500u m Channel:6 4 DC type Pitch:1000u m Channel:32 Test patterns AC1 AC2DC2 DC1 Test patterns 5-inch process Beamtest and radiation damage test were carried out using 35~45 MeV beam at Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Science 5 November 2007 19 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

20. Vertex Detector R&D ILC Vertex Detector consists of ~10 Giga pixels. Reading out signals of 2820 bunches in 1msec, ILC vertex detector has to achieve the impact parameter resolution,  IP, 5  10/(p  sin 3/2  )  m. Many technologies are proposed/studied. GLD plan is – Fine Pixel CCD ( ~5x5  m 2 pixels, fully depleted) – Accumulate 1msec signals and readout after pulse – Bkg. hit occupancy < 1% thanks to the small pixel size. – 3 super-layers, each consists of 2 layers = 6 layers in total Vertex Detector sensor layout Readout scheme Z R KEK -Tohoku 5 November 2007 20 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

21. R&D on FPCCD 21 Low PtHigh Pt 1/10~1/20 noise hits reduction expected from simulation Background hit rejection Is “fully depleted CCD” fully depleted ? Now preparing a first proto-type FPCCD chip: pixel size 12x12  m 2, 512x512pixels, 4ch/chip 5 November 2007CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

22. Pair Monitor Measure hit pattern of pair background and monitor beam position/size Tohoku Count/Save hits every 1/16 train Nominal  Y  Y 5xNominal From a hit pattern at pair monitor:  Y ~0.3nm 22 Z R

23. Summary The ILC environment is benign by LHC standards, and admits designs and technologies which have not been considered in the context of LHC detector R&D. However, it still poses fundamental challenges for many of the detector subsystems. The R&D on detector technologies are actively pursued in Asian countries. The studies for Letters Of Intent, especially on the optimization of detector parameters, has been kicked- off. Next Asian regional meeting on ILC Physics and Detector, TILC08, is held in 3-6 March, 2008 at Sendai, Japan, jointly with GDE 5 November 2007 23 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

24. Backup Slides

25. ILC Detector: GLD as an example GLD features 1. Moderate B field (3T), All detector except Muon, inside a coil 2. Large inner radius of ECAL(~2m) to optimize for PFA. Absorber: W(ECAL), Iron (HCAL) Fine-segmented scintillator read out by MPPC 3. Gaseous tracker: TPC with MPGD readout Excellent  p t /p t 2 and pattern recoginition Vertex and Intermediate Tracker TPC coil 5 November 2007 25 CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto

26. Jet Measurements in ILC Detectors:PFA Particle reconstruction 26 Charged particles in Tracker Photons in ECAL Neutral hadrons in HCAL (and possibly ECAL) b/c ID: Vertex Detector  Large detector – spatially separate particles  High B-field – separate charged/neutrals  High granularity ECAL/HCAL – resolve particles For good jet erngy resolution  Separate energy deposits from different particles 5 November 2007CIAW07, Akiya Miyamoto