1. Key Terms – Sectionalism v. Nationalism
Tariff
Secession
Abraham Lincoln
Union
Confederacy
Jefferson Davis
Fort Sumter
Emancipation Proclamation
Confiscation Acts
Dred Scott v. Sanford

2. Sectionalism
The antebellum (pre-war) period proved to unify the United States due to the large acquisitions made by the Americans during this time.
This good feeling gave way to sectionalism → having great pride or love for one's section of the country

3. Slavery as an Issue
The addition of new states created new problems as states entering the Union were permitted to select whether they will enter as slave or free states.
This would be overturned by the Dred Scott v. Sanford Case
It stated:
Congress does not have the power to exclude slavery from territories.
Missouri Compromise undermines popular sovereignty and free soil

4. Slavery and Tariffs
Considering that states could not legally block slavery anymore, the pro-Northern Congressional leaders decided to place a tariff to promote industry.
Tariff → tax on imports
The tariff crippled the Southern industries that were dependent on Britain for goods and trade.

5. Secession and the Road to War
The Southern states felt that the Northern states were attempting to limit their growth and felt that secession was the only option.
Secession → to remove a state or country or territory from a union.
In 1860, South Carolina created a domino effect of secession when they seceded themselves.

7. Abraham Lincoln ( )
Republican President, 16th President of the United States.
Upon his election, many southern states felt that his pro- Northern slant would lead to further tariffs and impositions on southern way of life.
Served as another reason for secession

8. The Country Splits
The United States would be divided into two sections:
Union → territories north of Maryland, opposed to slavery, supportive of the union of the country.
Confederacy → territories south of Maryland, supported slavery, felt they needed their own government.
The Confederacy would select their own president → Jefferson Davis, a former senator

9. Attack on Fort Sumter
Fort Sumter → union controlled fort located in South Carolina
Confederacy demands evacuation of the fort.
Lincoln instead chooses to re-supply the fort which leads to an executive order from Davis to fire upon the fort.

10. The Emancipation Proclamation and the Confiscation Acts
Emancipation Proclamation → stated that slaves were to be set free
Confiscation Acts → allowed the Union to confiscate any contraband (slaves) from the southern territories.
These two in combination led to freedom for slaves.

11. Results of the War The Union would win for two reasons:
Access to large amounts of wealth
Superior technology
The Southern states would be forced to rejoin the Union.
Nationalism would defeat Sectionalism