1. Energy

2. Need for Alternative Energies Madison County’s current population of just over 82,000 is expected to grow to almost 105,000 by 2030 (Madison County Government, 2010). New infrastructure should be designed in a way that will sustain the county’s growing populations. Existing homes can be retrofitted to be more sustainable.

3. Goals Help protect the environment and increase community economic efficiency by promoting alternative energies, specifically solar panels and green roofing. Develop codes for both solar panels and green roofing for which statewide programs and incentives apply Include the following flexibility codes developer-based incentives for green building points program for development find ways to promote and market existing technology and incentives

4. Solar Energy Potential Kentucky has 4.5 sunlight hours; Florida has 5.3 sunlight hours (Inter-County Energy Cooperative, 2011). Kentucky has a great deal of solar energy potential that should be utilized.

5. Solar Energy Potential (National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2008)

6. Solar Energy Statistics Ten solar panels have the ability to generate 3,240 kilowatt hours per year for one household (Inter-County Energy Cooperative, 2011). – Enough to give the typical Kentucky consumer about $230 per year in energy savings (U.S. Energy Information Statistics, 2011). – This would offset over 2,600 pounds of coal and over 6,300 pounds of green house gasses a year per house hold. If just a quarter of the expected population gain in Madison County (6,000 people) used at least ten solar panels, it would offset over 40 million pounds of CO2 of green house gas emissions each year.

7. Types of Solar Panels Active v. passive systems Solar photovoltaic (PV) or solar thermal systems Rooftop (figure A) Ground-mounted system (figure B) Grid-tied or off-grid www.Googleimages.com ( Honey Electric Solar, Inc., 2011) Figure AFigure B

8. Solar Building Codes Safety: – Electric solar system components must have a UL listing. – All photovoltaic systems shall comply with the National Electrical Code (Solar Energy Standards, 2008). Aesthetics – Active solar electric systems shall be designed to blend into the architecture of the building or be screened from routine view from public right-of-ways (Solar Energy Standards, 2008). Solar Access: – When the Subdivision abuts an area developed with or specified for high or mid-rise buildings, the location of open space whenever possible shall be such that it will protect shorter structures from shadows cast by taller buildings" (City of Port Arthur, Texas, 1979).

9. Home Made Solar Panel Home made solar panels will cost well under $200 and the parts are easy to come by. Some of the tools used: Lumber, Plexiglas, Silicone Caulk, Wire, Diode, Wire, and Screws. Which are all easily obtained at local hardware stores. The hardest part to get will be the actual solar cells which you can find on eBay for very low prices. Solar cells on eBay can cost anywhere from $10-$50 dollars depending on who the seller is.

10. Solar Flexibility Codes “D. Approved Solar Components - Electric solar system components must have a UL listing. Exceptions may be granted and require a conditional use permit.” To ensure the public health and safety of the people, the solar panels have to have a UL listing. This is mainly for major companies who would be selling there product to the public, but for home made panels you can get around it with a conditional use permit. “E. Plan Approval Required - All solar systems shall require administrative plan approval by the Planning Commission.“ “F. Compliance with Building Code - All active solar systems shall comply with the Kentucky Building Code.” Part’s “E” and “F” make sure the solar panels adhere to the communities aesthetic view of the community and their well-being.

11. More Flexibility Codes “H. Utility Notification - No grid-intertie photovoltaic system shall be installed until evidence has been given to the Planning and Zoning Department that the owner has submitted notification to the utility company of the customer’s intent to install an interconnected customer-owned generator. Off-grid systems are exempt from this requirement.” Part “H” forces the owner of the solar panel to explain the intent of the solar panel to the utility companies, if they want to hook up to the grid. If the owner wants to stay off grid with there panels they can attain an exemption.

12. Green Roofing Extensive - Have a 2 to 6 inch depth and weigh up to 50 pounds per square foot. - Because of the shallow depth, only small plants with roots that do not grow deep can be planted on these green roofs. Intensive - Have a 6 to over 15 foot depth and can weigh over 80 pounds per square foot - Cannot have a steep slope, only 1-3% - A lot of additional support will have to be added to the building - A wide variety of plants and trees can be planted

13. Green Roof Codes Standard E2396 Standard Testing Method for Saturated Water Permeability of Granular Drainage Media for Green Roof Systems Standard E2397 Standard Practice for Determination of Dead Loads and Live Loads Associated with Green Roof Systems Standard E2398 Standard Test Method for Water Capture and Media Retention of Geocomposite Drain Layers for Green Roof Systems Standard E2399 Standard Test Method for Maximum Media Density for Dead Load Analysis of Green Roof Systems

14. Green Roof Codes Standard 2400 Standard Guide for Selection, Installation, and Maintenance of Plants for Green Roof Systems

15. Green Roof Incentives Chicago Illinois The city of Chicago offered 20 grants for $5,000 to construct a green roof Small commercial buildings must be less than 10,000 square feet Must maintain green roof for at least 5 years Made to help raise awareness about green roofs Toronto Canada Green Roof Incentive Pilot Program $10,000 for single property owners $100,000 for other property owners Any property owner is eligible as long as they have a water account with the city Made because green roofs help with storm water drainage and will make the city water better

16. Incentivizing Solar “Incentives are a large, if not the largest, factor in the growth of installed solar capacity.” – Brightstar Solar Increasing solar energy usage in Madison County depends on a three-pronged incentive effort. For single-family residences For commercial/institutional/government buildings For builders & developers

17. Commercial, Institutional, Government Energy Savings Performance Contracting EKU & Siemens recent agreement provides an excellent example of long- term financial incentive. The ESPC approach revolves around the builder’s confidence & competence in producing significant savings for the customer. This provides built-in protections and potential long-term success for both This concept can be used for many project scales and types, but may be especially effective when applied to well-established commercial, governmental or institutional entities looking to retrofit for better green compliance.

18. Commercial, Institutional, Government Facilitate conditional permitting for retrofits. Limit number of permit fees on combined building applications (CR Solar Energy Stds.) Promote Corporate Tax Incentives and Exemptions; KRS 141.435, 139.517, 154.27-010, 103 KAR 31:190, H.B. 240 www.Googleimages.com Government agencies may take advantage of the Green Bank of Kentucky’s revolving loan programs. eSELF, Hybrid, or ESPC Information through Finance & Administration Cabinet

19. Single Residence Households As a group, the largest potential market for solar energy. Startup costs can be prohibitive. – Promote Personal Tax Incentives and Exemptions; KRS 141.435, 139.517, 154.27- 010, 103 KAR 31:190 Promote solar energy system information – Multiple resources available for individual home owners wishing to research PV installation

20. Builders and Developers Incentivize solar energy accommodations into new construction – Density Bonus Allow extra plot development within other standards in return for guaranteed levels of PV. (CR Solar Energy Stds.) – Bid Preferences % consideration for PV systems incorporated into developed plots. (CR Solar Energy Stds.) – Permit Expediting Salt Lake City allows building permit expediting for developments striving for LEED Silver status or above. – www.slcgov.com/ced/buildzone/pages/leedsilver.htm www.slcgov.com/ced/buildzone/pages/leedsilver.htm

21. MACED Mountain Association for Community Economic Development – Helps local people and businesses in Kentucky and Central Appalachia – Create opportunities for low-income people HowSmart KY program – Partnership with electric cooperatives to pay for the costs of retrofitting their customers’ homes. – The customers, then, pay for the costs out of the average energy savings generated by the efficiency upgrades There will be a meeting at the end of April with the energy cooperatives in Madison County to discuss their willingness to participate. – Only one coop has expressed any interest, thus far. – Contacts: Jeff Fugate

22. Green Energy Map Help promote alternative energies and help residents to select the best energy solution for their homes Available from the county’s website Include solar panel system size, building square footage, estimated energy savings, installer name, and the estimated carbon dioxide emission reduction per year Utilization of different color marking for commercial, residential, school, and municipal structures. Contain links to information about various alternative energy options, local installers, cost calculators, and other energy-saving tips. The map could, perhaps, be created and updated yearly by either web design students or GIS students at Eastern Kentucky University.

23. Solar Map (Chief Executive Office of the County of Los Angeles, 2010)

24. Bibliography Chief Executive Office of the County of Los Angeles. (2010, 3 19). Retrieved April 2, 2011, from San Francisco Solar Map: http://sf.solarmap.org/ City of Port Arthur, Texas. (1979, May 4). City of Port Arthur, Texas. Retrieved February 25, 2011, from Smart Communities Network: http://www.smartcommunities.ncat.org/codes/portatx_gb.shtml Honey Electric Solar, Inc. (2011). Recent Solar Electric Projects. Retrieved April 2, 2011, from Honey Electrical Solar, Inc.: http://honeyelectricsolar.com/pv_projects.asp Inter-County Energy Cooperative. (2011). Wind and Solar In Kentucky. Retrieved April 5, 2011, from Inter-County Energy Cooperative: http://www.intercountyenergy.net/images/intercounty/Wind_and_Solar_in_Kentucky.pdf Madison County Government. (2010). The Comprehensive Plan for Madison County, Kentucky. Office of Planning and Development. National Renewable Energy Laboratory. (2008, October). Solar Maps. Retrieved April 4, 2011, from National Renewable Energy Laboratory: http://www.nrel.gov/gis/solar.html Solar Energy Standards. (2008). Retrieved February 15, 2011, from Community Resources Planning: http://www.crplanning.com/pdfs/susdo6_09/solar.pdf U.S. Energy Information Statistics. (2011, March 11). Average Retail Price of Electricity to Ultimate Customers by End-Use Sector, by State. Retrieved April 4, 2011, from U.S. Energy Information Statistics: http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/electricity/epm/table5_6_a.html