1. Industrial Notes US HISTORY A THEME # 4

2. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Standard 11.1.2 Students analyze the relationship among the rise of industrialization, large-scale rural-to-urban migration, and massive immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe.

3. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Standard 11.1.5 Discuss corporate mergers that produced trusts and cartels and the economic and political policies of industrial leaders.

4. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Industrialism Change in production from hand craftsmanship to machine manufacturing.

5. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Key Growth Factors Increase of resources  Pennsylvania – Coal  Texas, California, Oklahoma – Oil  Minnesota and Lake Superior - Iron ore Improved transportation - Railroad tracks- 50,000 miles Population moved from rural areas, to urban areas

6. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Government supported industries Lots of loans & little resolution Laisse - faire or hands off little regulation No tax on income until 1913. No Environmental controls on resources.

7. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Invention & Innovation 1860 - 1900 - 676,000 patents lots of creating Steel is King - Developed by Henry Bessemer Iron ore into steel and - 89% made from steel (rr tracks) led to the building of sky scrapers and bridges

8. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Invention & Innovation Electricity becomes wide spread Samuel F.B. Morse - telegraph Alexander G. Bell - telephone Thomas Edison - electrical lighting Morse Edison Bell

9. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Invention & Innovation Machines increase production Elias Howe - sewing machine (1846) Assembly line becomes popular - Henry Ford’s cars Howe Ford

10. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Invention & Innovation Industrial leaders - powerful leaders monopolize industries John D Rockefeller - Standard Oil Company Andrew Carnegie - steel Cornelius Vanderbilt Railroads J.P. Morgan finance and steel

11. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Captains of Industry Carngie Vanderbilt Morgan Rockfeller

12. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON The Gilded Age increase fortune open display of wealth cheap frame and rotten inside.

13. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Trust and Government Corruption The rise of industrial trusts trust - concentration industry by one company stock - buy into a company - a group of people make decisions ex. Rockefeller ‘s company

14. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Trust and Government Corruption Trust influence Government Affairs - little regulation in businesses Lots of Corruption in government. Big Business bought off politicians for example Tammany Hall

15. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Trust and Government Corruption Criticism and Defense of Big Business 4,000 millionaires in 1900’s Industrialists gave money to colleges, schools, hospitals and museums.

16. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Impact of Industrialism  Helped the Middle Class buy cars, telephones and homes Sears’ Catalog made lots of money because people bought from it Life for the average American was difficult  poor living conditions  high rent  little money for food  7%earned diplomas

17. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Impact of Industrialism Working conditions  10-15 hour worked days  demoralizing and dehumanized conditions  low pay and horrible conditions  children worked long hours and unsafe conditions

18. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Impact of Industrialism  Many workers came from Mexico and China who worked for low wages

19. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Organized Labor The Knight s of Labor - Terence Powderly - 8 hours, income tax The American Federation of Labor led by Samuel Gompers Wobblies or industrial workers of the world - Daniel De Leon

20. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Organized Labor Molly Maguires - leftists (socialist) fought for coal miner rights Strikes and violence - people were killed / 6 million dollars of damage Union Victories - max. hours of work - workers compensation

21. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Food contamination and Muckrakers No safe guard for food Meat packing - The Jungle by Upton Sinclair - unsanitary food Ida Tarbell wrote about Standard Oil. Jacob Riis wrote How the Other Half Lives Ida Tarbell Upton Sinclair

22. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Food contamination and Muckrakers Mudrakers “would rather rake filth than look upward to nobler things”-they wrote about corruption and exposing the ills of society but didn’t provide solutions for problems stories were sensational accounts of societal evils

23. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Toll on the environment Mining caused lots of pollution Forests were destroyed Air and water pollution Reformers Like John Muir tried save the environments

24. STANDARD 11.1. 2 CREATED BY L. CARREON Class Assignment Page 5: Sensory Figure  Ten facts Page 7: Acrostic; Industrialization  10 illustrations  2 sentences per letter