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iSeries New Workloads – Considering Consolidation
Mandy Shaw and Jonathan Woods
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Considering Consolidation
New Workloads Overview
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What is “New Workloads” about ?
Goal – To consolidate IT server infrastructure onto an iSeries platform regardless of OS. OS/400 Linux PASE (AIX emulation) – available now Native AIX – available 2004 Windows Reducing the TCO by managing a single platform and single pool of storage “i” stands for integrated iSeries hypervisor controls multi-OS consolidation and aids management
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What is wrong with OS/400 ? OS/400 still represents the value it always has Single level storage Integrated DB2 Excellent work management capabilities Ultimate resilience The Operating System of choice where function is supported + efficient Business Application choice is typically not made based on the OS available A few scenarios OS/400 does not lend itself to e.g. OS/400 Netserver - performance Extensive manageability sometimes gets in the way ! The web is full of free Linux apps (as is Linux) If ‘Open source’ is an acceptable approach Unix is a stable and efficient OS Support is still typically charged
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Logicalis Approach Data Collection exercise Complete list of servers
Vendor, OS, CPU’s, Disk tot/used/type Servers v/s Infrastructure apps Windows Domain Controller WINS, DNS Firewall/Proxy server File/print serving Windows terminal services Webserving Databases used (DB2, Oracle, SQL) Servers v/s business applications Current CPU workloads iSeries performance collection Windows collections too
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High level decisions Integrated xSeries Server (IXS)
iSeries has a consolidation sweet spot Integrated xSeries Server (IXS) Model Max IXS 800 4 270 3 810 13 820 12 825 36 830 28 870 48 840 32 890 Integrated xSeries Adapter (IXA) Model Max IXA 800 3 270 2 810 7 820 8 825 18 830 16 870 60 840 32 890
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Existing investment Choice to consolidate on iSeries affected by
Existing technology investments Scale of requirements Examples xSeries blade centres FAStT SAN disk subsystem IBM Enterprise Storage Server OEM servers and time to write-off (or lease end) Only certain IBM xSeries will attach to IXA x235 (2w), x255 (4w), x360 (4w), x440 (8w)
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Competitive economics
iSeries hardware can appear expensive compared to alternative infrastructure Enabling 825 POD for Linux approx £15K per CPU iSeries 17.5G disk approx £1K (disk offer for Q4) Examine other costs that might be avoided Gigabit LAN switches Storage SAN infrastructure Expensive windows software licensing (with Linux) Additional backup software (BMR !) Tech support army Intel attach economics look good 2892 PCI 1.6 Ghz Integ xSeries Server £1.5K and appropriate towers/slot space IXA adapter £2.7K and appropriate xSeries No SAN switches or External RAID controllers 1 Terabyte Disk for 10 servers test iSeries hardware cost is similar to SAN disk
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Considering Consolidation
Applications
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Porting existing apps Move apps to OS/400
Must be natively supported by Vendor Or port customer owned source Data migration specific to each app Tivoli Storage Manager DB2 Linux Intel apps to iSeries Linux Requires app already compiled for PowerPC + vendor support Access to source code to re-compile pSeries Linux apps will run (Power PC) AIX apps to PASE Pre-compiled progs will run if spec1170 compliant Most AIX apps will require an app port Windows apps just run on IXS/IXA Still runs W2K operating system Microsoft certified platform
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New applications ERP vendor support for iSeries Linux increasing
Sage Line 500 (previously Tetra) Any ‘Open Source’ Linux app on the Web can be compiled to run under iSeries Linux Totally standard Linux If you find a Linux app that solves a business problem – you can use it
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Considering Consolidation
Implementing Infrastructure applications - examples
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Customer example - West Country Insurance Company
SCSI 810 running TSM under PASE and BRMS. IXS for profile/account consolidation 3494 with 4 x 3590 B1A Drives LAN 60 Intel servers – NT4, W2K, OS/2 - approx 700G total
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User account consolidation
Separate OS/400 Profiles and Windows Domain accounts Administration Islands ! Solution Add a single IXS (or IXA) running W2K Exercise to align user profile/Win account naming conventions All new accounts created via iNav Linux account integration soon ??
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Domain Name Serving Native iSeries OS/400 can provide DNS
iSeries Linux also supports DNS Very efficient under Linux W2K on IXS/IXA - DNS as standard Choices No bad decision – keep it simple though Define a meaningful hierarchy across whole infrastructure Make use of hardware you've got Avoid the ‘dedicated Intel DNS server’ on every site Make use of the skills you’ve got
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Firewall/Proxy No OS/400 product
Linux provides consolidation opportunity Native Linux - iptables/netfilter More comprehensive product “SQUID” Addresses proxy server function Linux LPAR functions provides security Use Linux direct LAN adapters for DMZ iSeries VLAN also (MZ) Storage hosted on iSeries Image backed up from iSeries MZ Linux OS/400 Firewall VLAN DMZ
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File/Print serving Choice Continue with W2K - implement IXA/IXS
Samba on iSeries Linux Emulates W2K server Takes part in Active Directory Browser administered - SWAT WEBMIN – combine Linux + Samba in one Avoid Microsoft client seat licences Software is free ! This is a NAS solution Combine with an IXS (W2K) – single accounts and no seat licences only
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Windows Terminal Services
No Linux alternative – has to be W2K Multiple IXS can be load balanced Uses additional function of Citrix A large xSeries on IXA will provide big resources for many users Native windows terminal services Solution is affected by scale and qty of free PCI slots
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Planning for Consolidation
Application workloads and database engines
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What else will your iSeries do?
Web serving Web enablement Messaging and collaboration applications Well, almost anything, really … V5R1 V5R1 Linux 1 Linux 2 Win2000 or NT 4 Domino DB2 AIX app WebSphere Java
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Web serving and Web enablement
Native Apache High performance Java Virtual Machine WebSphere applications WebFacing Portal Linux LAMP IXS / IXA Microsoft Web environments
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WebSphere on iSeries: strengths
WebSphere on any platform has … Industry-leading functionality Runs on your chosen platform Scalability (Wimbledon / Winter Olympics) Security Resilience High performance Fully scriptable configuration and management Excellent application and database integration capability iSeries adds … Flexible use of resources (multiple workloads) Ease of installation and configuration (WAS Express) Resilience and manageability (of course) Security (WebSphere security + OS/400 security) Even more secure and high performance integration capability
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Messaging and collaboration
and calendaring Domino Web and Outlook clients Linux and open source solutions Bynari, Sendmail, … Exchange on IXA / IXS Collaboration applications Sametime, Quickplace Workflow
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Domino on iSeries: strengths
Probably the perfect Domino mail server Scalability Up to 150,000 NotesBench mail users Easy addition of disk space Flexible use of resources Domino partitioning Multiple workloads Resilience and manageability Automatic restart following errors Notes Admin client, green screen and iNav interfaces Full CL command set for scripted configuration and management Availability Save-while-active Security Domino security + OS/400 security DB2 integration without ODBC
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Relational database Native DB2
Functionality right up there with the competition Full, fast, solid SQL support built in Consider migration to DB2/400 Requires application testing and probably application changes Vendor support a potential issue If only multiplatform DB2 supported, no problem - DB2 now runs on Linux on iSeries Otherwise … Oracle watch this space! SQL Server IXS or IXA required
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Customer example: Admiral Insurance Services Limited (www.elephant.co.uk)
DMZ MZ SNA only INTERNET Load Balancer Firewall SNA only
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Customer example: Admiral Insurance Services Limited (www.elephant.co.uk)
DMZ MZ Servlets, JavaBeans and JSPs Stored procedure definitions JDBC using DB2 (DRDA) driver WebSphere Application Server 3.5 New RPG programs using existing logic HTTP / HTTPS protocols IBM HTTP server with SSL I90 LOB application: postcode lookups, credit checking, policy creation, etc. Rating engine runs here for performance
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Customer example: Logicalis production server
Feeds to other BI tools Data Warehouse Mail and major corporate application Sametime J2EE app, currently running on Tomcat Legacy product distribution app AS/400 model 720 (4 years old), 2GB main storage, V5R1
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Customer example: Logicalis DMZ server
Quickplace Win2K MySQL External protected by Norton Anti-Virus with live update PASE PHP Customer apps – WebSphere Apache AS/400 model 170 (5 years old), 1GB main storage, V5R1, IXS card
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DMZ partition in iSeries
Or, in the future (LAMP) Quickplace Linux guest partition External protected by Norton Anti-Virus with live update MySQL PHP Customer apps – WebSphere Apache DMZ partition in iSeries
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Services organisation: Before
Sage Line 50 Access database and corporate application No DNS or DHCP User desktop Hand-held Terminal Message Server and gateway File and print Telephone server Fax
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Internet facing DMZ Internet Internal External Web browser user
Access database and corporate application Web server Internet gateway External senders and recipients server Proxy server External Web sites User Web browser DMZ Internet Internal
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Hand-held terminal gateway: IXS
After LPAR 1 - Production LPAR 3 – Linux Firewall and Proxy Server LPAR 4 - DMZ Domino Fax: Domino Fax Server SMTP: Domino Corporate app: IXS Additional apps Web server: Apache, potential for WebSphere applications DB2 Sage Line 50: IXS Hand-held terminal gateway: IXS Telephones: IXS DNS DHCP LPAR 2 – Linux Guest File server: Samba
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Just another thought …. Small scale or ‘utility’ functionality requirement? Find and download some open source Java code Optimise it to level 40 Run it on your AS/400 Er …That’s it public boolean isMatch (String checkString, String pattern) { char patternChar; int patternPos = 0; char lastPatternChar; char thisChar; int i, j; for (i = 0; i < checkString.length(); i++) // if we're at the end of the pattern but not the end // of the string, return false if (patternPos >= pattern.length()) return false;
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Considering Consolidation
Major benefits
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Backup iSeries will backup/restore W2K drive images while quiescent – High throughput Avoids need for ‘Bare Metal Restore’ products OS/400 Netserver provides ‘medium performance’ file level backup Won’t address open file backup End key services for semi quiescence Tivoli Storage Manager runs under iSeries PASE Permits 24x7 Intel Open file backup Specific agents for Databases available Included as part of OS/400 Enterprise licence Backups up 35 different client Operating Systems Requires automated tape library LTO 3582/3/4 3590/3592 based 3494
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A single consistent solution for open systems TSM Server
Tivoli Storage Manager - physical components DIGITAL OpenVMS (SSSI)*** UNIX AIX AS/400 OS/2 OS/2 Lan Server OS/2 Warp OS/390 UNIX System Services IBM* DATA GENERAL DG/UX HEWLETT- PACKARD HP-UX CRAY*** UNICOS FUJITSU*** MICROSOFT Windows 95 Windows 98 Windows NT Windows NT DEC Alpha AUSPEX** APPLE Macintosh Linux DB2 Your solution for managing storage and protecting data across the network INFORMIX NCR UNIX SVR4 VM Linuxux LOTUS NOTES NEC EWS-UX/V OS/400 MICROSOFT Exchange Server SQL Server MVS ORACLE Oracle7 EBU Oracle8 RMAN NOVELL NETWARE AIX SAP R/3 SCO Unix 386 Open Desktop Open Server PYRAMID NILE Solaris SYBASE TANDEM GUARDIAN (ETI)*** SUN MICROSYSTEMS Solaris SILICON GRAPHICS IRIX SEQUENT PTX HP-UX SIEMENS NIXDORF SINIX SINIX Reliant UNIX SINIX 386/486 Windows 2K Disk Optical A single consistent solution for open systems Tape TSM Server Storage Hierarchy
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Disk storage virtualisation
From iNav Define virtual storage partitions for IXA and IXS Define virtual storage partitions for Linux Storage partitions can be copied Useful for instant development environment Linux can support direct disk access Internal ESS over Fibre
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Virtual Networking iSeries Solution Benefit Problem
Upgrading network infrastructure to support high- speed application communication is expensive in terms of time, resources and equipment iSeries Solution Virtual Ethernet at OS/400 V5R2 provides 1 Gb Connections with no LAN Adapters/Switches Windows to Windows to OS/400 to Linux Up to 5 Connections per IXS / IXA Benefit Extremely secure and reliable server communication over high-performance connections Can reduce network traffic and exposure to "sniffing"
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System Management IXA/IXS
Windows event logs directed to an OS/400 message queue Control power on/off from OS/400 Run W2K commands from OS/400 - SBMNWSCMD IXA adapter card microcode updated from OS/400 Linux Control boot from OS/400 Via LPAR apportion CPU/Memory to partition OS/400 has access to Linux filesystem via NFS Check for file stored events
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Considering Consolidation
Sizing the solution
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Performance collections
Existing iSeries Establish current CPU utilisation from standard performance collection Intel servers Run a W2K CPU + I/O collection server by server IBM Director will perform a centralised collection Linux on Intel Third party tools IBM Director
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Estimating the new workload
New apps Input from app vendor Or a pilot install Specific methodologies for Domino Intel to iSeries PowerPC Base calculation on CPU clockspeed utilisation Respect CISC (3 Ghz) – RISC (1.3 Ghz) difference Respect 32bit – 64bit difference iSeries offloads to subordinate IOPs Communications Disk/Tape Redbook in the making for real world benchmarks IXA/IXS General workloads assume a 10 CPW utilization per IXA/IXS First IXS consumes 30 CPW Heavy Windows I/O needs calculation
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New hardware New model iSeries could easily handle additional Linux, OS/400 or Windows workload New model CPW’s are so large Models 825 and above come with POD activation for Linux or full OS/400 Factors affecting IXS/IXA choice Capacity of Intel server Additional ‘Intel bus’ PCI adapter slots needed Slots available for IXS in IO tower VMWare GSX an option on x360/x440 If the approach to app support is acceptable (no direct Microsoft support) Multiple Windows servers not always because of CPU requirement Windows often forces physical separation
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Considering Consolidation
High Availability
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Orion provides Enterprise Managed Availability
The Solution to Deliver Managed Availability … Across Data and Applications Across Multiple Platforms Across Multiple Databases In a Single View - Across an Enterprise
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Integrating the iSeries with ORION
OS/400 OS/400 Linux Linux Windows Windows
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The ORION Solution Topologies
Availability Management ORION Replicated Servers Switched Disk Data Integration
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Orion – typical applications
24x7 Operation – backup from target For OS/400 Libraries + IFS (V5R2) For IXA/IXS servers too TSM not required – backup target images while quiescent Full HA solution Complete duplicate hardware at target Calculated subset of hardware on target Temporarily re-assign target hardware (till disaster) Read only reporting LPAR system – development or data warehouse iSeries ‘Capacity Backup’ model on target iSeries ‘HA model’ on target
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