1. iSeries New Workloads – Considering Consolidation
Mandy Shaw and Jonathan Woods

2. Considering Consolidation
New Workloads Overview

3. What is “New Workloads” about ?
Goal – To consolidate IT server infrastructure onto an iSeries platform regardless of OS.
OS/400
Linux
PASE (AIX emulation) – available now
Native AIX – available 2004
Windows
Reducing the TCO by managing a single platform and single pool of storage
“i” stands for integrated
iSeries hypervisor controls multi-OS consolidation and aids management

4. What is wrong with OS/400 ?
OS/400 still represents the value it always has
Single level storage
Integrated DB2
Excellent work management capabilities
Ultimate resilience
The Operating System of choice where function is supported + efficient
Business Application choice is typically not made based on the OS available
A few scenarios OS/400 does not lend itself to
e.g. OS/400 Netserver - performance
Extensive manageability sometimes gets in the way !
The web is full of free Linux apps (as is Linux)
If ‘Open source’ is an acceptable approach
Unix is a stable and efficient OS
Support is still typically charged

5. Logicalis Approach Data Collection exercise Complete list of servers
Vendor, OS, CPU’s, Disk tot/used/type
Servers v/s Infrastructure apps
Windows Domain Controller
WINS, DNS
Firewall/Proxy server
File/print serving
Windows terminal services
Webserving
Databases used (DB2, Oracle, SQL)
Servers v/s business applications
Current CPU workloads
iSeries performance collection
Windows collections too

6. High level decisions Integrated xSeries Server (IXS)
iSeries has a consolidation sweet spot
Integrated xSeries Server (IXS)
Model
Max IXS
800 4
270 3
810 13
820 12
825 36
830 28
870 48
840 32
890
Integrated xSeries Adapter (IXA)
Model
Max IXA
800 3
270 2
810 7
820 8
825 18
830 16
870 60
840 32
890

7. Existing investment Choice to consolidate on iSeries affected by
Existing technology investments
Scale of requirements
Examples
xSeries blade centres
FAStT SAN disk subsystem
IBM Enterprise Storage Server
OEM servers and time to write-off (or lease end)
Only certain IBM xSeries will attach to IXA
x235 (2w), x255 (4w), x360 (4w), x440 (8w)

8. Competitive economics
iSeries hardware can appear expensive compared to alternative infrastructure
Enabling 825 POD for Linux approx £15K per CPU
iSeries 17.5G disk approx £1K (disk offer for Q4)
Examine other costs that might be avoided
Gigabit LAN switches
Storage SAN infrastructure
Expensive windows software licensing (with Linux)
Additional backup software (BMR !)
Tech support army
Intel attach economics look good
2892 PCI 1.6 Ghz Integ xSeries Server £1.5K
and appropriate towers/slot space
IXA adapter £2.7K
and appropriate xSeries
No SAN switches or External RAID controllers
1 Terabyte Disk for 10 servers test
iSeries hardware cost is similar to SAN disk

9. Considering Consolidation
Applications

10. Porting existing apps Move apps to OS/400
Must be natively supported by Vendor
Or port customer owned source
Data migration specific to each app
Tivoli Storage Manager
DB2
Linux Intel apps to iSeries Linux
Requires app already compiled for PowerPC + vendor support
Access to source code to re-compile
pSeries Linux apps will run (Power PC)
AIX apps to PASE
Pre-compiled progs will run if spec1170 compliant
Most AIX apps will require an app port
Windows apps just run on IXS/IXA
Still runs W2K operating system
Microsoft certified platform

11. New applications ERP vendor support for iSeries Linux increasing
Sage Line 500 (previously Tetra)
Any ‘Open Source’ Linux app on the Web can be compiled to run under iSeries Linux
Totally standard Linux
If you find a Linux app that solves a business problem – you can use it

12. Considering Consolidation
Implementing Infrastructure applications - examples

13. Customer example - West Country Insurance Company
SCSI
810 running TSM
under PASE and BRMS. IXS for profile/account consolidation
3494 with
4 x 3590 B1A Drives
LAN
60 Intel servers – NT4, W2K, OS/2 - approx 700G total

14. User account consolidation
Separate OS/400 Profiles and Windows Domain accounts
Administration Islands !
Solution
Add a single IXS (or IXA) running W2K
Exercise to align user profile/Win account naming conventions
All new accounts created via iNav
Linux account integration soon ??

15. Domain Name Serving Native iSeries OS/400 can provide DNS
iSeries Linux also supports DNS
Very efficient under Linux
W2K on IXS/IXA - DNS as standard
Choices
No bad decision – keep it simple though
Define a meaningful hierarchy across whole infrastructure
Make use of hardware you've got
Avoid the ‘dedicated Intel DNS server’ on every site
Make use of the skills you’ve got

16. Firewall/Proxy No OS/400 product
Linux provides consolidation opportunity
Native Linux - iptables/netfilter
More comprehensive product “SQUID”
Addresses proxy server function
Linux LPAR functions provides security
Use Linux direct LAN adapters for DMZ
iSeries VLAN also (MZ)
Storage hosted on iSeries
Image backed up from iSeries MZ
Linux
OS/400
Firewall
VLAN
DMZ

17. File/Print serving Choice Continue with W2K - implement IXA/IXS
Samba on iSeries Linux
Emulates W2K server
Takes part in Active Directory
Browser administered - SWAT
WEBMIN – combine Linux + Samba in one
Avoid Microsoft client seat licences
Software is free !
This is a NAS solution
Combine with an IXS (W2K) – single accounts and no seat licences only

18. Windows Terminal Services
No Linux alternative – has to be W2K
Multiple IXS can be load balanced
Uses additional function of Citrix
A large xSeries on IXA will provide big resources for many users
Native windows terminal services
Solution is affected by scale and qty of free PCI slots

19. Planning for Consolidation
Application workloads and database engines

20. What else will your iSeries do?
Web serving
Web enablement
Messaging and collaboration applications
Well, almost anything, really …
V5R1
V5R1
Linux 1
Linux 2
Win2000 or NT 4
Domino
DB2
AIX app
WebSphere
Java

21. Web serving and Web enablement
Native
Apache
High performance Java Virtual Machine
WebSphere applications
WebFacing
Portal
Linux
LAMP
IXS / IXA
Microsoft Web environments

22. WebSphere on iSeries: strengths
WebSphere on any platform has …
Industry-leading functionality
Runs on your chosen platform
Scalability (Wimbledon / Winter Olympics)
Security
Resilience
High performance
Fully scriptable configuration and management
Excellent application and database integration capability
iSeries adds …
Flexible use of resources (multiple workloads)
Ease of installation and configuration (WAS Express)
Resilience and manageability (of course)
Security (WebSphere security + OS/400 security)
Even more secure and high performance integration capability

23. Messaging and collaboration
and calendaring
Domino
Web and Outlook clients
Linux and open source solutions
Bynari, Sendmail, …
Exchange on IXA / IXS
Collaboration applications
Sametime, Quickplace
Workflow

24. Domino on iSeries: strengths
Probably the
perfect
Domino
mail server
Scalability
Up to 150,000 NotesBench mail users
Easy addition of disk space
Flexible use of resources
Domino partitioning
Multiple workloads
Resilience and manageability
Automatic restart following errors
Notes Admin client, green screen and iNav interfaces
Full CL command set for scripted configuration and management
Availability
Save-while-active
Security
Domino security + OS/400 security
DB2 integration
without ODBC

25. Relational database Native DB2
Functionality right up there with the competition
Full, fast, solid SQL support built in
Consider migration to DB2/400
Requires application testing and probably application changes
Vendor support a potential issue
If only multiplatform DB2 supported, no problem - DB2 now runs on Linux on iSeries
Otherwise …
Oracle
watch this space!
SQL Server
IXS or IXA required

26. Customer example: Admiral Insurance Services Limited (www.elephant.co.uk)
DMZ MZ
SNA only
INTERNET
Load Balancer
Firewall
SNA only

27. Customer example: Admiral Insurance Services Limited (www.elephant.co.uk)
DMZ MZ
Servlets, JavaBeans and JSPs
Stored procedure definitions
JDBC using DB2 (DRDA) driver
WebSphere Application Server 3.5
New RPG programs using existing logic
HTTP / HTTPS protocols
IBM HTTP server with SSL
I90 LOB application: postcode lookups, credit checking, policy creation, etc.
Rating engine runs here for performance

28. Customer example: Logicalis production server
Feeds to other
BI tools
Data
Warehouse
Mail and major
corporate application
Sametime
J2EE app, currently running on Tomcat
Legacy product
distribution app
AS/400 model 720 (4 years old), 2GB main storage, V5R1

29. Customer example: Logicalis DMZ server
Quickplace
Win2K
MySQL
External
protected by
Norton Anti-Virus
with live update
PASE
PHP
Customer apps –
WebSphere
Apache
AS/400 model 170 (5 years old), 1GB main storage, V5R1, IXS card

30. DMZ partition in iSeries
Or, in the future (LAMP)
Quickplace
Linux
guest
partition
External
protected by
Norton Anti-Virus
with live update
MySQL
PHP
Customer apps –
WebSphere
Apache
DMZ partition in iSeries

31. Services organisation: Before
Sage Line 50
Access database and corporate application
No DNS or DHCP
User
desktop
Hand-held Terminal Message Server and gateway
File and print
Telephone
server
Fax

32. Internet facing DMZ Internet Internal External Web browser user
Access database and corporate application
Web server
Internet gateway
External senders and recipients
server
Proxy server
External Web sites
User Web browser
DMZ
Internet
Internal

33. Hand-held terminal gateway: IXS
After
LPAR 1 - Production
LPAR 3 –
Linux
Firewall
and
Proxy
Server
LPAR 4 - DMZ
Domino
Fax: Domino
Fax Server
SMTP:
Domino
Corporate
app: IXS
Additional apps
Web server:
Apache,
potential for
WebSphere
applications
DB2
Sage Line 50: IXS
Hand-held terminal gateway:
IXS
Telephones:
IXS
DNS
DHCP
LPAR 2 – Linux Guest
File server: Samba

34. Just another thought ….
Small scale or ‘utility’ functionality requirement?
Find and download some open source Java code
Optimise it to level 40
Run it on your AS/400
Er …That’s it
public boolean isMatch (String checkString, String pattern) {
char patternChar;
int patternPos = 0;
char lastPatternChar;
char thisChar;
int i, j;
for (i = 0; i < checkString.length(); i++)
// if we're at the end of the pattern but not the end
// of the string, return false
if (patternPos >= pattern.length())
return false;

35. Considering Consolidation
Major benefits

36. Backup
iSeries will backup/restore W2K drive images while quiescent – High throughput
Avoids need for ‘Bare Metal Restore’ products
OS/400 Netserver provides ‘medium performance’ file level backup
Won’t address open file backup
End key services for semi quiescence
Tivoli Storage Manager runs under iSeries PASE
Permits 24x7 Intel Open file backup
Specific agents for Databases available
Included as part of OS/400 Enterprise licence
Backups up 35 different client Operating Systems
Requires automated tape library
LTO 3582/3/4
3590/3592 based 3494

37. A single consistent solution for open systems TSM Server
Tivoli Storage Manager - physical components
DIGITAL
OpenVMS (SSSI)***
UNIX
AIX
AS/400
OS/2
OS/2 Lan Server
OS/2 Warp
OS/390 UNIX System Services
IBM*
DATA GENERAL
DG/UX
HEWLETT-
PACKARD
HP-UX
CRAY***
UNICOS
FUJITSU***
MICROSOFT
Windows 95
Windows 98
Windows NT
Windows NT DEC Alpha
AUSPEX**
APPLE Macintosh
Linux
DB2
Your solution for managing storage and protecting data across the network
INFORMIX
NCR UNIX SVR4 VM
Linuxux
LOTUS NOTES
NEC EWS-UX/V
OS/400
MICROSOFT
Exchange Server
SQL Server
MVS
ORACLE
Oracle7 EBU
Oracle8 RMAN
NOVELL NETWARE
AIX
SAP R/3
SCO
Unix 386
Open Desktop
Open Server
PYRAMID NILE
Solaris
SYBASE
TANDEM GUARDIAN
(ETI)***
SUN MICROSYSTEMS
Solaris
SILICON GRAPHICS IRIX
SEQUENT PTX
HP-UX
SIEMENS NIXDORF
SINIX
SINIX Reliant UNIX
SINIX 386/486
Windows 2K
Disk
Optical
A single consistent solution for open systems
Tape
TSM Server
Storage Hierarchy

38. Disk storage virtualisation
From iNav
Define virtual storage partitions for IXA and IXS
Define virtual storage partitions for Linux
Storage partitions can be copied
Useful for instant development environment
Linux can support direct disk access
Internal
ESS over Fibre

39. Virtual Networking iSeries Solution Benefit Problem
Upgrading network infrastructure to support high- speed application communication is expensive in terms of time, resources and equipment
iSeries Solution
Virtual Ethernet at OS/400 V5R2 provides 1 Gb Connections with no LAN Adapters/Switches
Windows to Windows to OS/400 to Linux
Up to 5 Connections per IXS / IXA
Benefit
Extremely secure and reliable server communication over high-performance connections
Can reduce network traffic and exposure to "sniffing"

40. System Management IXA/IXS
Windows event logs directed to an OS/400 message queue
Control power on/off from OS/400
Run W2K commands from OS/400 - SBMNWSCMD
IXA adapter card microcode updated from OS/400
Linux
Control boot from OS/400
Via LPAR apportion CPU/Memory to partition
OS/400 has access to Linux filesystem via NFS
Check for file stored events

41. Considering Consolidation
Sizing the solution

42. Performance collections
Existing iSeries
Establish current CPU utilisation from standard performance collection
Intel servers
Run a W2K CPU + I/O collection server by server
IBM Director will perform a centralised collection
Linux on Intel
Third party tools
IBM Director

43. Estimating the new workload
New apps
Input from app vendor
Or a pilot install
Specific methodologies for Domino
Intel to iSeries PowerPC
Base calculation on CPU clockspeed utilisation
Respect CISC (3 Ghz) – RISC (1.3 Ghz) difference
Respect 32bit – 64bit difference
iSeries offloads to subordinate IOPs
Communications
Disk/Tape
Redbook in the making for real world benchmarks
IXA/IXS
General workloads assume a 10 CPW utilization per IXA/IXS
First IXS consumes 30 CPW
Heavy Windows I/O needs calculation

44. New hardware
New model iSeries could easily handle additional Linux, OS/400 or Windows workload
New model CPW’s are so large
Models 825 and above come with POD activation for Linux or full OS/400
Factors affecting IXS/IXA choice
Capacity of Intel server
Additional ‘Intel bus’ PCI adapter slots needed
Slots available for IXS in IO tower
VMWare GSX an option on x360/x440
If the approach to app support is acceptable (no direct Microsoft support)
Multiple Windows servers not always because of CPU requirement
Windows often forces physical separation

45. Considering Consolidation
High Availability

46. Orion provides Enterprise Managed Availability
The Solution to Deliver Managed Availability …
Across Data and Applications
Across Multiple Platforms
Across Multiple Databases
In a Single View - Across an Enterprise

47. Integrating the iSeries with ORION
OS/400
OS/400
Linux
Linux
Windows
Windows

48. The ORION Solution Topologies
Availability
Management
ORION
Replicated
Servers
Switched
Disk
Data
Integration

49. Orion – typical applications
24x7 Operation – backup from target
For OS/400 Libraries + IFS (V5R2)
For IXA/IXS servers too
TSM not required – backup target images while quiescent
Full HA solution
Complete duplicate hardware at target
Calculated subset of hardware on target
Temporarily re-assign target hardware (till disaster)
Read only reporting
LPAR system – development or data warehouse
iSeries ‘Capacity Backup’ model on target
iSeries ‘HA model’ on target