2. What is a Research? It is a problem solving process It means search again.

3. Why? To find out more

4. So there has to be a problem And why the problem is there? this question must be along with the problem,

6. Food Adulteration ? what is the extent of the problem ? What are the things that can be mixed up ? What are the adulterated food ? Who are behind it ? Who are responsible for preventing it and punishing the culprits ? What are the consequences of having adulterated food

7. Steps in doing a research 1. problem identification and analysis.

8. LBW Problem Analysis Foetal and placental cause. · Chromosomal abnormality · Intra uterine infection · Multiple gestation · Placental abnormality Service related factor · Low quality service · Unskilled personnel · Less facilities Socio-economic factor · Low economic condition · Low education · culture/heavy work Maternal Cause Malnutrition Severe Anaemia Hypertention Toxiamia Smoking Short stature Very young age High parity Short birth space

9. 2. Title selection QUALITY OF ANTENATAL CARE AND ITS DOSE RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP WITH BIRTH WEIGHT

10. 3.Hypothesis formulation BIRTH WEIGHT HAS GOT DOSE RESPONSE RELATION WITH QUALITY OF ANTENATAL CARE

11. 4. Objective Setting Ultimate objective General objective Specific objective

12. Ultimate objective Definition: Expected Implications or contributions arising from the study which will help the policy makers to solve a problem. Example: This study will highlight the impact of quality of antenatal care and number of antenatal visits on incidence of low birth weight and it will help to determine the optimal number of antenatal visits to produce the maximal reduction in incidence of low birth weight.

13. General objective What will be done during the study in a short, single statement Example: To determine the dose – response relationship of birth weight with quality of antenatal care and number of antenatal visits.

14. Specific Objectives Specific activities that takes place immediately to achieve the general objective.

15. Specific Objectives 1.To assess the quality of Antenatal Care provided to the pregnant women. 2.To measure the rate of occurrence of LBW deliveries in the center. 3.To identify the significant maternal factors related to occurrence of low birth weight.

16. 4.To measure the frequency of Antenatal Care visits among the women utilizing the maternity services in the center. 5.To find out the dose response relationship of Quality of Antenatal Care and number of antenatal visits with birth weight.

17. 5. Variable Identification Variables those are to be tested Will be identified against specific Objective

18. 3. To identify the significant maternal factors related to occurrence of low birth weight. Dependent variable- Birth weight Independent variables- 1. Age of the mother. 2. Educational level of mother. 3. Monthly family income. 4. Family size. 5. Height of the mother. 6. Body Mass Index of the mother at Ist visit.

19. 7. Pre-delivery Body Mass Index of the mother. 8. Gravida. 9. Gestational age at 1st visit. 10.Birth to conception interval in months. 11. History of occurrence of Abortion and Stillbirth in relation to the immediate previous pregnancy. 12. Intake of Iron and Vitamin during the whole pregnancy. 13. Severe vomiting resulting in the need for fluid replacement therapy.

20. 6. Methods and materials Method of collecting,analysing and infering information.

21. 7. Development of data collection Instrument. 8. Pre-testing, modifying and finalizing the data collection Instrument. 9. Data collection. 10. Data processing and analyzing. 11. Results. 12. Discussion. 13. Write a report. 14. Dissemination of the research finding.

22. TitleGen. objective Specific Objectives Variabledata collec- tion Instrument. Tests