1. Summary 1.A cholera outbreak in London. 2.Of its day, people died of cholera. 3.He thought the river polluted by the dirty water from London. Writing skills of a summary: Note: first state the main idea of the passage and then the topics of each paragraph. Remember : use your own words, do not copy from the passage!

2. Sample writing: John Snow wanted to find the cause of Cholera. He believed that people became ill after eating infected food. He used next outbreak of cholera to test his idea. He studied a small area of houses which got their water from the same pump. Many people in the area died. John Snow showed that this was because the water in the pump was infected. He showed that cholera could be defeated if people drank clean water.

3. Some good sentences in your homework: 1.Those who want to make their way to further education abroad should pass the language exam first. 2.He made his way to success by studying hard. 3.He said good-bye to me and then made his way to the station. 4.He made up his mind to make further investigation about the event. 5.The doctor made sure that the person had been exposed to anew virus. 6.Our staff will do their best to make sure you enjoy your visit. 7.He went back home again to make sure he had locked the door.

4. READING: COPERNICUS’ REVOLUTIONARY THEORY

5. Language study( para1—3 ) 1._________ he ________ (try) to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations _______ the same conclusion: _____ the earth was not the centre of the solar system. ______ you put the sun there ____ the movements of the other planets in the sky __________. ____he could not tell anyone about his theory ____ the powerful Christian Church ___________________ him ___ even suggesting such an idea. 2.The problem _____ because astronomers __________ (notice) that ______ planets in the sky _______ to stop, move backward and then go forward in a loop. _______ __________ brighter at times and less bright at others. 3.He worked ____ it, gradually _________ his theory until he felt it was complete. Althoughhad tried led to that Only if did make senseYet as would have punished arosehad noticed seemedsome Others appeared improvingon for

6. Language study ( para.4—5 ) 1.He placed a ____ sun at the centre of the solar system ____ the planets _____ ( go) round it and only the moon still _____ (go) round the earth. 2.…so he only published it as he lay ______ (die) in 1543. 3.The Christian Church ________ his theory, _______ it was against God’s idea and people who supported it would be _______. _____ his theory is now the basis ___ _____ all our ideas of the universe are built. fixed with going dying rejected saying attacked Yet on which

7. Sense n. 1. 意思，意义 2. 感觉；知觉；感知 He has a good sense of smell. A sense of humour 3. 理解力；鉴赏力；辨识力 a good business sense A driver has a good sense of direction. non-sense common sense 一点也不可理喻，不合情理 常识 make sense/ make no sense make sense of 有意义，讲的通 / 没有意义 adj. sensible 明智的 adj. sensitive 敏感的 弄懂 … 的意思, 理解

8. Eg: 1. It doesn't make any sense to get up so early. 2. It was not until I was in my mid-20s that my rich dad's advice began to make more sense. 3. Can you make sense of what this writer is saying? The new finds came so quickly that trying to _______________ them all was like trying to drink from a fire hose( 一根消防水龙带 ). It doesn't __________ to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good make sense of make sense

9. enthusiastic / reject/ cautious/ 1.The students should be _________ not to make any mistakes in spelling. 2. Australian people are _____________ in both participating in and watching sports. in 3.It is your duty to accept or ＿＿＿＿ the proposal. cautious enthusiastic reject

10. Writing Write a short letter trying to persuade Copernicus to publish his ideas 1.Work in pairs to think of some reasons why he should publish his theory. 2.Plan your writing. Para.1: tell him who you are and why you want him to publish his ideas. Para2 : the first reason Para3 : the second reason Para.4 : ask him again to reconsider publishing his ideas. (Persuasive writing)