1. Freaky Freud! Ms Rebecca Psychology

2. I. Psychoanalysis  Sigmund Freud http://yourblues.files.wordpress.com/2008/05/sigmund_freud-loc.jpg

3. What IS the Psychoanalytic Theory?  Says we are influenced by forces beneath our conscious: (in our unconscious)

4. Beneath the surface!  Believed many of peoples’ deepest thoughts, fears and urges remain out of awareness in an unconscious part of the mind. http://www.texaspos.com/images/iceburg.jpg

5. A. How do you explore the unconscious part of the mind?  Psychoanalysis: People are supposed to talk about anything that they think of so psychologists can analyze the deeper meaning. http://bp0.blogger.com/_N_CQPl_1K5U/R72JrKVJijI/AAAAAAAAAAk/-UNtGdaC9x0/s400/My_Cartoon_1_(Best)+001.jpg

6. a. Patients in a relaxed setting  Like a couch! http://www.freud.org.uk/Marge.jpg

7. 2. Dream analysis  Freud believed that people’s unconscious wishes may also appear in their dreams http://www.cartoonstock.com/lowres/mba0407l.jpg

8. So  Freud asked people to write their dreams down when they woke up and then he tried to figure out the hidden meaning http://www.cartoonstock.com/newscartoons/cartoonists/mba/lowres/mban1343l.jpg

9. 3. Hypnosis  Was another method Freud used to try to get to peoples’ unconscious thoughts.  Later abandoned http://images.google.co.th/imgres?imgurl=http://www.seductionlabs.org/images/Hypnosis-fate.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.seductionlabs.org/2008/06/06/covert-hypnosis/&h=344&w=403&sz=16&hl=en&start=4&sig2=ewvShhkWTgyxg8lasaprjg&um=1&usg=__ikPwWYdRoim-i9EW9iD2dmA-8rI=&tbnid=BuZqEB3pA4VzmM:&tbnh=106&tbnw=124&ei=Zq_QSOmmH4qM6gO6s_3IDw&prev=/images%3Fq%3DHypnosis%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den

10. II. 3 Basic Psychological Structures  ID  EGO  SUPEREGO http://www.makingthemodernworld.org.uk/learning_modules/psychology/02.TU.04/illustrations/02.IL.17.gif

11. A. ID  Basic drives like hunger are part of the ID.  1-present at birth  2-stereotypical 2 year old: “I want what I want, when I want it”  3-pays no attention to laws, customs, or the needs of others

12. B. EGO  1. Develops because a child’s demands for instant gratification cannot be met  We can’t always get what we want http://bp0.blogger.com/_IpeMzQ8Vv2Y/SAuP3ena4jI/AAAAAAAABT0/2rq3Tmebbiw/s400/rolling+stones.den.13404.jpg

13. Goal of the EGO  2. Satisfy the desires of the ID in a Realistic way. Example: Your ID says you are hungry and your EGO says you should cook a hamburger instead of eating it raw. http://farm1.static.flickr.com/128/419717099_9797a56591.jpg?v=0

14. The Ego  3. Also provides a sense of self or a sense of what you should do to make yourself happy like study for a test.  4. AND the EGO is a censor that screens out the wild impulses of the ID

15. C. Superego  1-Develops throughout early childhood  2-Goal: moral principle: standards and values of parents and other members of the community give us our moral sense.

16. 3. The conscience  The superego floods the ego with feelings of guilt or shame when we do something society defines as wrong.

17. Who has the toughest job?  The EGO!  Why? The Ego has to juggle the needs of the ID AND the SUPEREGO!

18. Example:  ID: “You want to go out with your friends! Don’t study!”  SUPEREGO: “You must study all night or you won’t pass the test!”  EGO: Balance! “Study now and after you do well on your test you can spend time with friends”

19. Psychosexual Stages of Development  Freud believed that a person’s personality developed through a series of 5 stages.

20. Why are the stages important?  ADULT psychological problems might come from unresolved childhood conflicts.  If you don’t resolve conflicts during your early life, you may become stuck in some of the traits of your childhood.

21. 1. Oral Stage: http://www.worldofstock.com/slides/PCH8851.jpg

22. About the Oral Stage  When: First year of life  What is it?: Infants explore their mouths and put things into their mouths to learn about them. Main source of pleasure: food  Children depend on adults to feed them at this stage

23. What if there are problems in a child’s Oral stage?  According to Freud, If a child’s needs aren’t met during the oral stage they may get stuck in the oral stage later in life.  How? Continue to focus on pleasures of the mouth: Smoke, overeat, talk a lot, nail biting. ALSO might have clinging relationships as an adult.

24. 2. Anal Stage

25. About the Anal Stage  When: ages of 1 &1/2 – 2 &1/2  What happens?: Children learn they can control bodily functions (when they poo poo and pee pee)  CONTROL becomes very important

26. What if there are problems during a child’s Anal stage?  Control issues!  People can become: 1. Anal retentive: they need to control everything. Ex: Perfectionist  Or people become 2. Anal Expulsive: careless and messy

27. 3. Phallic Stage http://www.cartoonstock.com/lowres/rje0278l.jpg

28. About the phallic stage  When: Age 3  What happens: boys and girls notice they are different from each other. They may develop STRONG attachments to the parent of the opposite sex.

29. Oedipus Complex  When a son has sexual desire for his mother.  *Many people don’t think this exists!

30. Electra Complex  When a daughter has a sexual desire for her father.  *Many people don’t think this exists! http://www.nationmaster.com/wikimir/images/upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Electra_and_Orestes_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_14994.png/300px-Electra_and_Orestes_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_14994.png

31. What if there are problems during the Phallic Stage?  Freud suggested that problems during this stage can lead to:  Depression  Excessive guilt  Anxiety

32. Latency Stage http://practicalramblings.files.wordpress.com/2008/02/hide_and_seek1.jpg

33. About the Latency Stage  When: Age 5-just before puberty  What: Latent = hidden  Impulses and emotions remain hidden or unconscious

34. The Genital Stage http://www.offthemarkcartoons.com/cartoons/2002-04-21.gif

35. About the Genital Stage  When: Puberty  What: Kids become aware of their gender identity. Conflicts of early development stages resurface.

36. Review: Answer the following questions: What are 2 main ideas about where personality comes from according to the Psychoanalytic Theory? Who is Freud and what does he say are the 3 parts of personality? What does each part do?

37. Psychoanalytic theory  Says we are influenced by forces beneath our conscious: (in our unconscious)  We are only able to understand our true feelings when we free associate or dream or are hypnotized…

38. Stages of Personality  ID= Basic urges  EGO=regulates basic needs and conscience  SUPEREGO=moral sense, what SHOULD I do

39. Now  We are going to learn about another one of Freud’s ideas about personality: Defense Mechanisms

40. Defense Mechanisms  Are the methods the ego uses to avoid facing emotions or ideas that cause pain or stress. (Goal 4 of Psychology!)  Defense Mechanisms, like the id, ego and superego operates beneath our conscious.

41. What are they?  Repression  Rationalization  Displacement  Regression  Projection  Reaction Formation  Denial  Sublimation

42. 1. Repression  Pushes painful or stressful ideas into the subconscious.  Like a tea-kettle holds in steam, people hold in their urges. http://images.google.co.th/images?gbv=2&hl=en&q=hold+your+breath

43. Problem with repression  When steam builds up, the tea-kettle pops it’s lid.

44.  When people let their emotions and urges build up inside of them they eventually explode through outbursts of anger and maybe developing other psychological and emotional problems.

45. 2. Rationalization  Distorts unacceptable ideas and behaviors to justify them. Makes excuses to try to make it seem like unacceptable behavior is ok.

46. Example of Rationalization  A student who cheats on a test may say:  “I only cheated on a few questions, I knew most of the answers!” http://www.borg.com/~rjgtoons/images/ed11.gif

47. 3. Displacement  To transfer an impulse or idea from a threatening object to a LESS threatening object. Example: If you are yelled at by your boss you can’t yell back you’ll get fired!  So, you go home and yell at your loved ones! http://www.clipartof.com/images/thumbnail/930.jpg

48. So, you go home and yell at your loved ones!  Works for dad! http://www.greenberg-art.com/.Illustrations/.Humorous/qq1sgYellingAtKids.jpg

49. 4. Regression  When someone is under a lot of stress, they return to behavior from an earlier stage of development. http://farm1.static.flickr.com/21/89190904_6a725fd03e.jpg?v=0

50. Example of Regression  Someone who gets divorced may become clingy to parents again like they were as a child.

51. 5. Projection  People deal with unacceptable impulses by acting as if OTHER people have them.  They see their own faults in other people. http://stanleybronstein.com/blog/blame.jpg

52. 6. Reaction Formation  People act the opposite of how they really feel. http://www.arcticnunavut.ca/images/Opposites

53. Example of Reaction Formation  Acting like you hate someone you really have a crush on. http://www.cartoonstock.com/newscartoons/cartoonists/mba/lowres/mban2023l.jpg

54. 7. Denial  A person refuses to accept the reality of anything that is bad. http://i209.photobucket.com/albums/bb44/spadum/de-motivational%20posters/denial.jpg

55. Example of Denial  People think that they won’t get sick and die from smoking because they are in denial. http://thecia.com.au/reviews/t/images/thank-you-for-smoking-poster-0.jpg

56. 8. Sublimation  When people channel impulses into socially acceptable behavior.  Example: Someone who is aggressive…

57. Can channel their aggression into playing sports http://www.sportsciencepress.com/images/sports-psychology-3-350.jpg

58. Effects of Defense Mechanisms  Using defense mechanisms can be normal to protect people from painful feelings. BUT…..

59. Defense Mechanisms can be unhealthy…  If the lead people to ignore the issues that cause feelings of pain.  According to Freud, If you have a healthy ego, you should be able to balance the ID and Superego without using defense mechanisms

60. Final thoughts about Freud  Today concepts like the ID and Oedipus Complex are considered unscientific but Freud’s work was very important to Psychology.

61. Why?  1. Freud helped to develop compassion for those with Psychological disorders.  In the past, people were just dismissed as being “crazy” but after Freud’s research more people realized that psychological problems weren’t just weaknesses.

62. 2. Introduced idea that childhood influences adulthood  Importance of recognizing emotional needs of children.  This inspired others to continue the research Freud started.

63. Homework:  Defense Mechanism Packet  Read pp323-329 to help you understand the Psychodynamic perspective.