1. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Chapter 2: Vocabulary Bridging the Gap, 9/e Brenda Smith

2. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers In This Chapter You Will Answer the Questions: How do you remember new words? What are context clues? Why learn prefixes, roots, and suffixes? What will you find in a dictionary? What is a glossary? What is a thesaurus? What are analogies? What are acronyms? How are transitional words used?

3. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Remembering New Words Use Mnemonic Devices Example: To remember that suppression means “to force out bad thoughts,” visualize SUPerman PRESSing evil thoughts away. Or remember the Superman movies.

4. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Remembering New Words Associate Words in Phrases Associate Words with Rhymes or Sounds Associate Words with Images Associate Words in Families Seek Reinforcement Create Concept Cards

5. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Using Context Clues Definition or Synonym Elaborating Details Examples Comparison Contrast Antonyms

6. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Understanding the Structure of Words Prefixes Suffixes Roots Word Families

7. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Using a Dictionary Guide Words. Pronunciation. Part of Speech. Spellings. Origin. Multiple Meanings.

8. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Word Origins - Etymology Bribe means - Favor or money given for influence Origin - French bread given to a beggar

9. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Using a Glossary A glossary is usually found at the end of a book or chapter. Sometimes the glossary and the index are combined.

10. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Using a Thesaurus Suggested Synonyms for Common Words Delinquency Fault GuiltMisconduct Shame Transgression

11. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Using Analogies Analogies are comparisons that call upon your word knowledge and your ability to see relationships. You can use these relationships to figure out a word. Example: Trash is to refuse as soil is to dirt. OR Fork is to eat as television is to entertain.

12. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Reader’s Tip: Categories of Analogy Relationships Synonyms Antonyms Function, use, or purpose Classification Characteristics and descriptions Degree Part to whole Cause and effect

13. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Analogies (Synonyms) Synonyms: similar in meaning Example: Find is to locate as hope is to wish.

14. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Analogies (Antonyms) Antonyms: Opposite in meaning Example: Accept is to reject as rude is to polite.

15. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Analogies (Function) Function, use, or purpose: Identifies what something does, watch for the object (noun) and then the action (verb). Example: Pool is to swim as blanket is to warm.

16. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Easily Confused Words Homonyms: bear the burden and bear the animal Other examples: –You’re, your –Stationary, stationery –There, their, they’re

17. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Recognizing Acronyms An acronym is an abbreviation that is pronounced as a word. What do these acronyms mean? –ATV –SCUBA –MRI –UNICEF

18. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Recognizing Transitional Words Transitional words connect ideas and signal the direction of a writer’s thought. “In addition”– signals a continuation “But” or “However” – signals a change

19. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Reader’s Tip: Types of Transitional Words Addition Example Time Sequence Comparison Contrast Cause and Effect

20. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Summary Points How do you remember new words? What are context clues? Why learn prefixes, roots, and suffixes? What will you find in a dictionary? What is a glossary? What is a thesaurus? What are analogies? What are acronyms? How are transitional words used?

21. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Search the Net For suggested Web sites and other research activities, go to http://www.ablongman.com/smith/ http://www.ablongman.com/smith/

22. 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., Publishing as Longman Publishers Vocabulary Booster Complete the Vocabulary Booster “Over, Under, Around, and Through.”