1. Chemistry is Hard
Why?

2. Bloom’s Taxonomy Psychologist who studied how people think
Broke thinking into levels of complexity
Each level required using the information below
The lowest level is knowledge- memorizing textbook definitions
Easiest but least useful

3. Bloom’s Taxonomy
Understanding- being able to put the knowledge into you own words
Application- being able to use the information in new situations
Analysis- breaking the information into meaningful pieces
Synthesis- being able to put information together to generate new learning

4. Bloom’s Taxonomy
Evaluation- using all the information, making and defending value judgments about the information.

5. Evaluation
Synthesis
Analysis
Application
Understanding
Knowledge

6. What does this have to do with chemistry?
In the past, many of your classes relied on memorization.
Knowledge level
Chemistry focuses on the higher levels.
I don’t ask you to memorize a lot of terms
I ask you to learn processes and techniques and then apply them to novel situations

7. Evaluation
25%
Synthesis
Analysis
Application
50%
Understanding
25%
Knowledge

8. Word Clues How hard do I have to think? Knowledge
Who, what, where, when, tell, label, define, select, choose, identify, describe, recall
Comprehension
Show, explain, discuss, classify, recognize, summarize, paraphrase

9. Word Clues Application
Use, solve, teach, relate, explain, predict, compute, illustrate, simulate, demonstrate
Analysis
Probe, dissect, outline, compare, organize, diagram, distinguish, investigate, categorize

10. Word Clues
Synthesis
Plan, make, invent, develop, design, propose, predict, assemble, formulate, hypothesize
Evaluation
Rate, judge, revise, critique, defend, justify, assess, contrast, support, recommend, conclude, interpret

11. Information Processing Theory
Describes how we learn something new

12. Information Processing Theory
Filters what we know
What we pay attention to moves on
Sensory
Register
Less than
a second

13. Information Processing Theory
Room for 7 things (on average)
Less than a minute
Sensory
Register
Less than
a second
Short- term
Memory

14. Information Processing Theory
If we process it further it stays with us
To learn something requires practice
Sensory
Register
Less than
a second
Long
Term
Memory
Short- term
Memory

15. Memory Techniques Rehearsal- repetition
Chunking- grouping the information into meaningful categories
Remembering general rules is easier than every specific instance
We learn best by connecting new knowledge with old knowledge
ROY G BIV

16. Another Reason Chemistry is hard
Requires math skills.
Uses math to explain
Prerequisite
Algebra is used in this class regularly.
Used to describe the world around us

17. What can you do?
Practice!

18. Laboratory
Safety Rules

19. responsibilities injury
While working in the science laboratory, you will have certain important ____________________ that do not apply to other classrooms. You will be working with materials and apparatus which, if handled carelessly or improperly, have the potential to cause __________________ or discomfort to someone else as well as yourself.
responsibilities
injury

20. A science laboratory can be a safe place in which to work if you, the student, are foresighted, alert, and cautious. Violating any of the following regulations will result in you being _______________ from class or ______________________ from the class. The following practices will be followed:
suspended
permanently removed

21. 1. An _________ must be present during the performance of all laboratory work.
2. Report any accident to the __________ immediately, no matter how_________, including reporting any burn, scratch, cut, or corrosive liquid on skin or clothing.
3. Prepare for each laboratory activity by ________ all instructions before coming to class. Follow all _________ implicitly and intelligently. Make note of any _________ in procedure given by the instructor.
instructor
teacher
minor
reading
directions
modification

22. 4. Any science project or individually planned experiment must be __________ by the teacher.
approved
5. Use only those materials and equipment _________ by the instructor.
authorized
immediately
6. Inform the teacher ____________ of any equipment not working properly.
7. Clean up any nonhazardous _______ on the floor or workspace ____________.
spill
immediately

23. eye protection
8. Wear appropriate ______________, as directed by the instructor, whenever you are working in the laboratory. Safety goggles must be worn during hazardous _________ involving caustic/corrosive chemicals, heating of liquids, and other activities that may injure the eyes.
activities

25. 9. Splashes and fumes from hazardous chemicals present a special danger to wearers of _____________. Therefore, students should preferably wear regular glasses (inside splash -proof goggles, when appropriate) during all class activities or purchase personal splash-proof goggles and wear them whenever exposure to chemicals or chemical fumes is possible.
10. Students with _________________ on hands must wear gloves or be excused from the laboratory activity.
contact lenses
open skin wounds

26. 11. Never _______ hot equipment or dangerous chemicals through a ______ of students.
12. Check ______ and equipment instructions carefully. Be sure correct items are _______ in the proper manner.
13. Be aware if the _________ being used are hazardous. Know where the material safety data sheet (_______) is and what it indicates for each of the hazardous chemicals you are using.
carry
group
labels
used
chemicals
MSDS

27. 14. Never ______ anything or touch chemicals with the hands, unless __________ instructed to do so.
taste
specifically
15. Test for odor of chemicals only by ______ your hand above the container and sniffing cautiously from a _________.
waving
distance
16. Eating or drinking in the ____________ or from laboratory equipment is _____ permitted.
laboratory
not

28. 17. When heating material in a test tube, do not ______ into the tube or point it in the direction of any person during the process.
look
18. Never pour _________ back into bottles, exchange stoppers of bottles, or lay stoppers on the table.
reagents
19. When diluting _____, always pour acids into _______, never the reverse.
acids
water

29. 20. Wash hands as necessary and wash thoroughly at the __________ of the laboratory period.
conclusion
21. To treat a burn from an acid or alkali, wash the affected area ___________ with plenty of running water. If the eye is involved, irrigate it at the eyewash station without interruption for ___ minutes. Report the incident to your ___________ ______________.
immediately 15
instructor.
immediately

30. 22. Know the _________ of the emergency shower, eyewash and facewash station, fire blanket, fire extinguisher, fire alarm box, and exits.
23. Know the proper fire and earthquake drill _____________.
24. Roll long sleeves above the _______. Long, hanging necklaces, bulky jewelry, and excessive and bulky clothing should not be _____ in the laboratory.
25. Confine long hair during a __________ activity.
location
procedures
wrist
worn
laboratory