2. Stress The human reaction to events in our environment.
Wear and tear on our body.

3. Eustress Good Stress Getting into college Winning the lottery
Getting engaged

4. Distress Bad Stress Difficult work environment
Overwhelming sights or sounds
Threat of personal injury

5. General Stress Everyone has this kind
It resolves itself in a day or two
No intervention required

6. Cumulative Stress Stress builds up in your body
It becomes more difficult to alleviate symptoms
You have more serious physical symptoms
You have more serious mental anguish

7. Acute Traumatic Stress
Critical incident stress
Produces considerable psychological distress
A normal reaction to abnormal events

8. Post-Traumatic Stress
Severs stressed produced by severe psychological trauma
Created by unresolved critical incident
Produced lasting changes

9. Sympathetic Nervous System

10. Sympathetic Nervous System
brain
hypothalamus
pituitary
gland
via
blood circulation
via
the
nerves
adrenal
gland
epinephrine
cortisol
sympathetic
nervous system
￪ glucose
metabolism
behavioral
alertness
￪ blood flow
& pressure

11. Stress Effects of long term release of cortisol
Increased blood pressure
Inhibits inflammatory response
Suppresses immune system
Damages brain cells

12. Learning is Enhanced by Challenge & Inhibited by Threat
The brain’s priority is always survival - at the expense of higher order thinking
Stress should be kept to a manageable level
Provide opportunities to “grow” and to make changes
Have high, but reasonable expectations 12

13. Stress & Learning The stress-brain loop Chronic Stress
↓ Attention
↓ Perception
↓ Short-term memory
↓ Learning
↓ Word finding
Cellular changes in the hippocampus
Increases glucocorticoids
Chronic Stress
Inadequate sleep
Poor nutrition
Emotional distress
Decreased regulation of cortisol

14. 14

15. Brain Organizes Memory In Different Ways
Retrieval often depends upon how the information was stored.
Relevancy is one key to both storage and retrieval
Provide and get examples
Connect to what students know, what they are interested in
Make learning meaningful 15

16. Memory
When objects and events are registered by several senses, they can be stored in several interrelated memory networks.
This type of memory becomes more accessible and powerful.
Conversation helps us link ideas/thoughts to our own related memories. Students need time for this to happen!!
Storytelling - Conversations
Debates - Role playing
Simulations - Songs
Games - Films 16

17. Learning & Memory Stimulus Sensory organs perception Sensory Memory
(millisecond-1)
attention
Short-Term Memory
Working Memory
(< 1 minute)
forgetting
repetition
Long-Term Memory
( days, months, years)

18. Learning & Memory Sensory Memory:
A sensory memory exists for each sensory channel:
iconic memory for visual stimuli
echoic memory for aural stimuli
haptic memory for touch
Information sensory memory short-term memory by attention, thereby filtering the stimuli to only those which are of interest at a given time.

19. Learning & Memory Short-term Memory:
acts as a scratch-pad for temporary recall of the information under process
can contain at any one time seven, plus or minus two, "chunks" of information
lasts around twenty seconds.
QUIZ NEXT SLIDE

20. Short-term Memory Quiz (30 sec)
eggs drawing rock apple focus mission favor ice
brain flag trial partner house life chair

21. Techniques to Help Memory
Encoding in Long-term Memory:
Organizing
Practicing
Spacing
Making meaning
Emotionally engaging

22. Techniques to Help Memory
Define the “gist” - OVERVIEW
Sequence events
Plot out pictorially the information
Tell the information to others in own words - TALK
Peer teaching/tutoring
Amplify by giving examples
Use multiple parts of the brain (emotional, factual, physical)
Auditory, Visual, Kinesthetic, Talk
Combine
Use color effectively
Yellow and orange as attention-getters 22

23. The Brain is a Social Brain
The brain develops better in concert with others
When students have to talk to others about information, they retain the information longer and more efficiently!
Make use of small groups, discussions, teams, pairings, and question and answer situations. 23

24. How Can You Manage Your Stress
Avoid stressful situations
Change how you react to stress
Avoid extremes
Set priorities
Set realistic goals
Take control of the situation
Manage how stress affects you
Try relaxation techniques
Change how you see the situation
Figure out what’s important

25. Healthy Lifestyle Considerations
Diet
Lower salt intake
Lower intake of refined sugars and carbs
Lower caffeine intake
Add fruit, veggies, complex carbs, vitamins, and water

26. Healthy Lifestyle Considerations
Rest
Get 6 hours minimum of continuous rest

27. Healthy Lifestyle Considerations
Exercise
30-60 minutes of aerobic exercise a day

28. Healthy Lifestyle Considerations
General
Talk things out
Make an increased effort to organize your life
Delegate things when needed
Ask for help

29. Healthy Lifestyle Considerations
Relax!!!
Fill your life with fun things to do.
Keep your sense of humor
Take charge of your life
Find a balance.
Make this part of your daily routine.