1. Positive Approaches to Address Delinquent Behaviors in Adolescents University of Houston Clear Lake Counseling Program November 29, 2004 Marilyn Lupton

2. Counselors Need to Provide Training to Teachers and Administrators To recognize at-risk behaviors so they can refer students who have early warning signs of delinquent behavior To recognize and refer students who are having problems in school

3. Children Who Are At-Risk for Delinquency Generally have Multiple Sources of Risk

4. Risk Factors - School and Community Poor Academic Performance Low Academic Aspirations Failure to Bond at School Living in a Poor Family Neighborhood Disadvantage Concentration of Delinquent Peer Groups Access to Weapons (R. Loeber and D. Farrington, 2003)

5. Risk Factors – Peer Groups Association with Deviant Peers Peer Rejection (R. Loeber and D. Farrington, 2003) Unstructured socializing with peers without authority figures present (Osgood, W. and Anderson, A. 2004)

6. Risk Factors - Family Poor Parenting Skills Maltreatment Family Violence Divorce Familial Antisocial Behaviors ((R. Loeber and D. Farrington, 2003)

7. Risk Factors - Media Violence on television – The average child has viewed more than 10,000 hours of violence on television by the time he or she is 12 years old. (D’Andrea 2004) Violent video games

8. The Counselor can do the Following to Help Students and the Family: Focus on building social and emotional strengths that are incompatible with antisocial behavior Focus on parent education (D. Smith 2004)

9. Educate the Family Teach how to negotiate family rules and consequences Teach alternatives to aggression as a disciplinary strategy Teach parents how to nurture and communicate effectively with children Teach problem solving skills (D. Smith 2004)

10. Enhance Students’ Social and Emotional Skills Teach students how to recognize and identify internal feeling states such as anger, disappointment, fear, and exhilaration. Teach awareness of others feelings such as empathy and understanding others’ points of view (D. Smith 2004)

11. Teach Students How to Manage Difficult Emotions Anger Frustration Resentment Guilt Despair (D. Smith 2004)

12. Teach Methods of Resolving Conflicts Conflict Resolution Training Mediation Training (D. Smith 2004)

13. Teach and Practice Motivation Techniques Extrinsic Intrinsic (D. Smith 2004)

14. These Skills, Strategies, and Techniques will Help Students: Cope with environmental stressors Build competencies Improve life skills (M. DeAndrea, 2004)

15. Bibliography Aspy, C. (2004). Adolescent violence: The protective effects of youth assets. Journal of Counseling and Development, 82 268-276. D’Andrea, M. (2004) Comprehensive school-based violence prevention training: A developmental-ecological training model. Journal of Counseling Development, 82. Loeber, R., & Farrrington, D. (2003) Risk and protective factors of child delinquency Child Delinquency Bulletin. Osgood, W., & Anderson, A., (2004) Unstructured socializing and rates of delinquency. Criminology, 42 (3) 519 +. Smith, D. (2004) Toward a positive perspective on violence prevention in schools: Building connections. Journal of Counseling and Development, 82 287-293.