1. Unit 1 A Brush with the Law 授课教师：张知奇

2. On completion of this lesson, students will be able to: On completion of this lesson, students will be able to: 1). acquire some useful words and expressions in legal English. 1). acquire some useful words and expressions in legal English. 2). acquire some basic background information about British legal system. 2). acquire some basic background information about British legal system. 3). understand some basic formation of phrasal verbs. 3). understand some basic formation of phrasal verbs. 4). learn the usage of preposition “ given ”. 4). learn the usage of preposition “ given ”.

3. 重点和难点 ] Understand some basic formation of phrasal verbs. Understand some basic formation of phrasal verbs. The general usage of the preposition “ given ” The general usage of the preposition “ given ” Legal words like “ barrister ”, “ charge ”, “ court ”, “ solicitor ”, “ award ”, “ magistrate ”, “ arrest ”, “ commit a crime ”, etc. Legal words like “ barrister ”, “ charge ”, “ court ”, “ solicitor ”, “ award ”, “ magistrate ”, “ arrest ”, “ commit a crime ”, etc.

4. Part 1 Key Words and Expressions:

5. brush: a short fight or quarrel; an argument or disagreement brush: a short fight or quarrel; an argument or disagreement Examples: Examples: -to have a brush with the police / the enemy -to have a brush with the police / the enemy -It is his third brush with the law in less than a year. -It is his third brush with the law in less than a year.

6. take sb. to court: take legal action against sb. take sb. to court: take legal action against sb. Examples: Examples: -I told him that I would take him to court if he did not repay the money in a week. -I told him that I would take him to court if he did not repay the money in a week. -If you go on ill-treating your wife like this, you will be taken to court. -If you go on ill-treating your wife like this, you will be taken to court.

7. … it makes a good story now: … it makes a good story now: Here the verb “ to make ” means “ to have the qualities needed for (sth. good) ”. Here the verb “ to make ” means “ to have the qualities needed for (sth. good) ”. Example: Example: -Iced tea makes an excellent drink in summer. -Iced tea makes an excellent drink in summer. -The wall calendar makes a nice new year gift. -The wall calendar makes a nice new year gift.

8. a couple of: a small number of; a few, usually two a couple of: a small number of; a few, usually two Examples: Examples: -I ’ ve got a couple of tickets. Will you go with me? -I ’ ve got a couple of tickets. Will you go with me? -Tom is quite busy now. His wife is expecting a baby in a couple of weeks. -Tom is quite busy now. His wife is expecting a baby in a couple of weeks.

9. temporary: lasting for a short time only. temporary: lasting for a short time only. Examples: Examples: -Tim has found a temporary job for the summer in a hardware store. -Tim has found a temporary job for the summer in a hardware store. -This is not my permanent address; it is only a temporary one. -This is not my permanent address; it is only a temporary one.

10. save up: keep for future use. save up: keep for future use. Examples: Examples: -It took him a year to save up enough money for a computer. -It took him a year to save up enough money for a computer. -They are now saving up to buy a house in the suburbs. -They are now saving up to buy a house in the suburbs.

11. take one ’ s time: not to hurry; do sth. in an unhurried way take one ’ s time: not to hurry; do sth. in an unhurried way Examples: Examples: -Just take your time and tell me clearly what happened at the meeting yesterday. -Just take your time and tell me clearly what happened at the meeting yesterday. -It ’ s better to take your time over a piece of work and do it properly than to hurry and make mistakes. -It ’ s better to take your time over a piece of work and do it properly than to hurry and make mistakes.

12. wander: walk around a place in a casual way, often without a fixed course, aim or purpose. wander: walk around a place in a casual way, often without a fixed course, aim or purpose. Examples: Examples: -After supper he would go out and wander alone in the streets for about an hour. -After supper he would go out and wander alone in the streets for about an hour. -David wandered through the bookstore, hoping to find a good book for Lily ’ s birthday. -David wandered through the bookstore, hoping to find a good book for Lily ’ s birthday.

13. perfectly: very; completely perfectly: very; completely Examples: Examples: -You ’ re perfectly right. -You ’ re perfectly right. -I ’ m perfectly satisfied with your arrangements. -I ’ m perfectly satisfied with your arrangements.

14. turn out: be found or discovered (to be) turn out: be found or discovered (to be) Examples Examples -It turned out that the best student in my class is the son of a classmate of mine. -It turned out that the best student in my class is the son of a classmate of mine. -The weather turned out pretty nice that day. -The weather turned out pretty nice that day.

15. regard … as … : consider … regard … as … : consider … Examples: Examples: -I regard him as my best friend. -I regard him as my best friend. -Einstein is regarded by many as the greatest scientist of the twentieth century. -Einstein is regarded by many as the greatest scientist of the twentieth century.

16. charge: blame (sb.) officially for having broken the law charge: blame (sb.) officially for having broken the law Examples: Examples: -The police charged the driver with drunken driving. -The police charged the driver with drunken driving. -What is he charged with? -What is he charged with?

17. conduct: manage; direct; carry out conduct: manage; direct; carry out Examples: Examples: -After failing a dozen times or so, Dr. Wilson decided to conduct the experiment in a different way. -After failing a dozen times or so, Dr. Wilson decided to conduct the experiment in a different way. -The police are conducting investigations into these murders. -The police are conducting investigations into these murders.

18. stand a chance: have a chance stand a chance: have a chance Examples: Examples: -I would apply for the post if I were you. I think you stand a good chance. -I would apply for the post if I were you. I think you stand a good chance. -Do you think Mark stands a chance of being elected? -Do you think Mark stands a chance of being elected?

19. respectable: deserving respect respectable: deserving respect Examples: Examples: -Dr. Smith is a respectable professor and all his students are respectful to him. -Dr. Smith is a respectable professor and all his students are respectful to him. -He came from a poor but perfectly respectable family. -He came from a poor but perfectly respectable family.

20. reliable: worthy of trust; dependable reliable: worthy of trust; dependable Examples: Examples: -Mr. Johnson ’ s secretary is efficient and reliable. -Mr. Johnson ’ s secretary is efficient and reliable. -I got these figures from reliable sources. -I got these figures from reliable sources.

21. meanwhile: during the same period of time meanwhile: during the same period of time Examples: Examples: -The boy had gone back home all by himself. Meanwhile, his parents were looking for him in the park. -The boy had gone back home all by himself. Meanwhile, his parents were looking for him in the park. -Bob went to the post office to send a letter. Meanwhile Lily was preparing lunch at home. -Bob went to the post office to send a letter. Meanwhile Lily was preparing lunch at home.

22. complain: speak in an unhappy, dissatisfied way complain: speak in an unhappy, dissatisfied way Examples: Examples: -For my own part, I have nothing to complain about. -For my own part, I have nothing to complain about. -He is always complaining about the weather in Shanghai. -He is always complaining about the weather in Shanghai.

23. apologize: say one is sorry apologize: say one is sorry Examples: Examples: -If I have said anything wrong, I am ready to apologize. -If I have said anything wrong, I am ready to apologize. -I must apologize to all of you for being so late. -I must apologize to all of you for being so late.

24. Part 2 Language Points

25. 1. What makes it rather disturbing was the arbitrary circumstances both of my arrest and my subsequent fate in court. 1. What makes it rather disturbing was the arbitrary circumstances both of my arrest and my subsequent fate in court. The author was arrested simply because the policemen thought he intended to steal milk bottles and later in court he was released from the charge just because he had the “ right ” accent, respectable middle-class parents, reliable witnesses and so on. That is to say, he was arrested arbitrarily and released arbitrarily. And it is this arbitrariness of both his arrest and his release that the author thinks rather disturbing. The author was arrested simply because the policemen thought he intended to steal milk bottles and later in court he was released from the charge just because he had the “ right ” accent, respectable middle-class parents, reliable witnesses and so on. That is to say, he was arrested arbitrarily and released arbitrarily. And it is this arbitrariness of both his arrest and his release that the author thinks rather disturbing.

26. 2. … and was not due to go to university until the following October. 2. … and was not due to go to university until the following October. In Britain the university terms are: October – December, January – March, April - June. In Britain the university terms are: October – December, January – March, April - June.

27. 3. It must have been this obvious aimlessness that led to my downfall. 3. It must have been this obvious aimlessness that led to my downfall. I ’ m sure my arrest was the result of my wandering in the streets without any definite purpose. I ’ m sure my arrest was the result of my wandering in the streets without any definite purpose.

28. 4. … commit an arrestable offence 4. … commit an arrestable offence … commit an offence which is serious enough for one to be arrested … commit an offence which is serious enough for one to be arrested

29. 5. … particularly that of stealing milk bottles. 5. … particularly that of stealing milk bottles. … particularly the theft (stealing) of milk bottles … particularly the theft (stealing) of milk bottles

30. 6. familiar with this sort of situation 6. familiar with this sort of situation Familiar with the situation in which one is confronted with the police Familiar with the situation in which one is confronted with the police

31. 7. … it confirmed them in their belief that I was a thoroughly disreputable character. 7. … it confirmed them in their belief that I was a thoroughly disreputable character. … it reinforced their belief that I was a very disreputable person. … it reinforced their belief that I was a very disreputable person.

32. 8. au fait 8. au fait This French phrase is obviously used to serve a dual purpose: to avoid repeating the word “ familiar ” and to show that the narrator had a fairly good educational background. This French phrase is obviously used to serve a dual purpose: to avoid repeating the word “ familiar ” and to show that the narrator had a fairly good educational background.

33. 9. I wanted to conduct my own defense in court … 9. I wanted to conduct my own defense in court … I wanted to defend myself in court instead of hiring a lawyer … I wanted to defend myself in court instead of hiring a lawyer …

34. 10. My “ trial ” didn ’ t get that far. 10. My “ trial ” didn ’ t get that far. My “ trial ” ended before it reached the stage when witness would be called on to give evidence. My “ trial ” ended before it reached the stage when witness would be called on to give evidence.

35. 11. The magistrate dismissed the case … 11. The magistrate dismissed the case … As a rule, the Magistrates ’ Court consists of three magistrates, with one speaking for the others in court. As a rule, the Magistrates ’ Court consists of three magistrates, with one speaking for the others in court.

36. 12. … getting costs awarded against the police. 12. … getting costs awarded against the police. … getting the magistrates to make the decision that the expenses of the case should be paid by the police. … getting the magistrates to make the decision that the expenses of the case should be paid by the police.

37. 13. Given the obscure nature of the charge … 13. Given the obscure nature of the charge … Considering the obscure nature of the charge … Considering the obscure nature of the charge …

38. 14. … my solicitor ’ s case quite obviously revolved around the fact that I had a “ brilliant academic record ” 14. … my solicitor ’ s case quite obviously revolved around the fact that I had a “ brilliant academic record ” … my lawyer ’ s argument very clearly centered on the fact that I had a very good record as a student. … my lawyer ’ s argument very clearly centered on the fact that I had a very good record as a student.

39. Discussion: Discussion: 1. Why does the author think his arrest arbitrary? 1. Why does the author think his arrest arbitrary? 2. Why does the author think his release from the charge arbitrary? 2. Why does the author think his release from the charge arbitrary?