1. Korea
Bennett 2015

2. Korea- “The Hermit Kingdom”
Why called the Hermit Kingdom?
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By mid 1800s, European imperial powers wanted access much like they did in Africa, the Middle East, South Asia, and China.
China not strong enough to help
Forced to sign unequal treaties and great extraterritoriality to foreigners.

3. Japanese Rule over Korea
Competition between Russia, Japan, and China to control Korea.
Japan was strongest at the time.
1910- ousts the Choson dynasty and annexed Korea.
Annex= add a territory to one’s country.

5. Japanese Rule Harsh towards Koreans
Forced to make changes to serve Japan’s best interests.
Forced to build factories, roads, and railroads.
Encouraged education
Took more than half of Korea’s rice and shipped it to Japan.

6. Korean Nationalism Koreans bitterly resented Japanese rule.
March 1, 1919 held a massive peaceful rally to protest Japanese rule.
Japanese killed 2,000 and imprisoned 19,000 others.
During WWII Japanese forced Koreans to serve and fight in the war.
Forbade Koreans from speaking their own language.
Made them take Japanese last names Pg

7. The Two Koreas How did Cold War rivalries affect Korea?
What economic progress has South Korea made?
What basic goal have North Koreans pursued?

8. A Divided Land 1945- Koreans celebrate a Japanese defeat in WWII.
Hoped to soon gain independence
After the war, the U.S. and Soviet Union (allies during WWII) both had troops in Korea.
Soviet troops in the North
U.S. troops in the South
Wanted to ensure Korea got its independence

9. Cold War Rivalries
U.S. and USSR disagreed over what should happen in Eastern Europe and in Asia after WWII.
Both had nuclear weapons.
U.S. threatened by spread of communism
Soviets hated capitalism
U.S. still bitter of Russians abandoning in WWI.
U.S. policy of containment- do not let communism spread anywhere in the world and it will eventually die out.

10. 38th Parallel
Line of latitude separating the Soviet troops and the U.S. troops
Was only supposed to be temporarily, until elections could be conducted.
Factions form:
Soviets back the Korean Communists
U.S. backs the non- communist Koreans.
By 1948, Korea had officially split into the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea or North Korea and the Republic of Korea or South Korea.

11. War in Korea
1950- North Korea launches an all-out attack on South Korea, trying to reunite the country by force.
South Korea retreats.
North Koreans had been trained and equipped with military supplies from the Soviets.
U.S. urges United Nations to take action

14. U.S. intervention
General Douglas MacArthur took command of the UN led coalition that included 15 nations against North Korea.
North: helped by China and Soviets
South: helped by UN
Results
Stalemate
Armistice- an end to the fighting.

15. The DMZ
Sides agreed to split the peninsula at the 38th parallel or, the “Demilitarized Zone.”
4 million killed in the war.
Even more refugees.

17. South Korea Today Maintains a large army
A thriving economy- Kia, Fila, Hyundai, LG, Samsung.

18. First Government
President Syngman Rhee used harsh rule and fear to control people’s lives.
Resigns due to democratic protests.
Government today restricts human rights to protect itself from North Korea.

19. Economic Growth Massive aid from U.S. Free market economy
Manufactured goods is their leading export
Automobiles, textiles, electronics.
Rapid industrialization has led to pollution in major cities.

20. Seoul, South Korea

21. Social life Most live in cities
Confucian principles- respect for elders
Most marriages still arranged.

22. North Korea Today
Closed society
Communist dictatorship

23. Kim Il Sung (1948-1994) Built a totalitarian state.
Propaganda taught North Koreans to obey the “Great Leader.”
Taught and practiced juche- self-reliance
Does not trade with other countries.
Build up industry for N. Korean use only

24. Kim Jong Il Made similar reforms as his father
Increased manufacturing and industry
Standard of living much lower than South Korea

25. Kim Jong Un- Present

27. Problems No basic rights for citizens No outside help
One party system, command economy
Famine
Nuclear Weapons
Distrust of the South
Selling of weapons to terrorist organizations.

28. North Korea at Night