1. Byzantines, Russians, and Turks Interact 500-1500
Chapter 11
Byzantines, Russians, and Turks Interact

2. Section 1 – The Byzantine Empire

3. The New Rome Empire was divided in 395
In 527, Justinian took over the East
Sought to make the West great again
Took Rome back from the Germanic tribes (changed hands 6 times in 16 years)
Even though they took back Italy, the East had become the “New Rome”

4. Justinian Code
One of Justinian’s first acts will be to update the laws of the Byzantine Empire
Used a panel of experts to compile the 4 parts
Final product had 4 parts
Code – 5000 Roman laws that were carried over
Digest – Summarized the opinions of top thinkers about laws
Institutes – law textbook for how to use the law
Novellae – the new laws
The new code would provide a model for international law

5. Empress Theodora
Worked her way up from poverty to marry Justinian in 525
Extremely influential
Met with foreign leaders
Helped write laws that greatly improved the status of women
After her death, Justinian never passed another major law

6. Changing the Capital Justinian sought to rebuild Constantinople
Focused on Church building
Hagia Sophia was his greatest achievement
Most significantly, Byzantine culture preserved Greco-Roman culture because of their interest in learning/arts

7. Byzantine Culture The Byzantine Empire embraced Greco-Roman culture
They will preserve traditions, language, religion, and literature
The art from the Byzantine Empire will focus on religion
As a result, the East will keep Christianity alive when the West couldn’t

8. The East Falls
Justinian’s death triggered the slow collapse of the Empire
Bubonic plague was killing 10,000/day
Location put them under constant attacks
Used diplomacy to try to keep the empire together
After centuries of struggling to stay alive, Constantinople fell in 1453

9. Division of the Church
The cultural differences between East/West also affected religion
Arguments over things like whether icons could be used led to the East/West religious leaders excommunicating each other in 1054
Orthodox in the Byzantine Empire (the East)– led by emperor
Catholic in the Roman Empire (West) – led by the pope

10. And Now… Chapter 11 Crossword Midterm Study Guide Midterm Review Games
Byzantine Timeline Worksheet
Midterm Study Guide
Midterm Review Games

11. Warm-up #7.1 (11.1) Justinian’s Code Byzantine Theodora
Excommunicated; icons
Theodora
______ ____, created by the Byzantine Empire, became a model for international law.
Christianity survived when the Roman Empire collapsed because of what new empire?
In 1054, the Roman pope and Byzantine patriarch __________ each other over the issue of _______.
Empress ________ will be extremely influential during Justinian’s rule for her contribution to female equality.

12. Section 2 – The Russian Empire

13. Russia’s Birth
Because of the crossroads of trade networks, the Slavs in Northern Europe embraced Greek Byzantine culture
This will affect their religion, language, and architecture
Originally went from the Urals to the Baltic and south to the Black Sea
Originally inhabited by tribes who spoke the same language but were not united

14. Growth Originally the Slavs were controlled by the Vikings
Eventually, Kiev became the capital because it offered quick access to trade routes
Trade linked northern Europe with the Byzantine Empire
Vladimir will be responsible for converting Russia to Christianity (Eastern Orthodox)

15. Kiev’s Power Kiev will be the center of growth for Russia
Vladimir initially expands to Poland
1019 – Yaroslav the Wise takes Kiev to greater heights
diplomacy and marriages to achieve peace and power
Legal Code to make trading more secure (like Justinian)

16. Fall of Kiev Started with the death of Yaroslav in 1054 Crucial error
Divided the realm among his sons
Sons go to war with each other
In addition, the Crusades disrupted trade
Just when things couldn’t get worse…

17. Mongol Invasions
1200s, Mongols, led by Genghis Khan, left Asia for Europe
Savage brutality
At their peak, they controlled China, Mongolia, and Russia all the way to the Baltic Sea
1240, Genghis’ grandson demolished Kiev
“No eye remained to weep”

18. Mongol Rule over Russia
200 years of Mongol control over Russia became known as the “Khanate of the Golden Horde”
Left Russian customs (religion) alone as long as:
Absolute obedience
Pay tribute
Result of Mongol control: isolation from the West

19. Russian Revolution
The Russian princes gathered respect and power from the Mongol controllers slowly but steadily
Ivan I moved the capital to Moscow where they slowly grew in wealth and power

20. An Empire Begins Ivan III will introduce the Russian Empire
Took power and immediately challenged Mongol control
Named himself Czar (Russian Caesar)
Refused to pay tribute
Raised an army to fight Mongols
Both armies will square off but refuse to fight and return home
Russia counts this as their moment of liberation

21. And now… Review Vocabulary Terms (Chapter 11)
Take Chapter 11 Vocabulary Quiz
Finish Chapter 11 Worksheet
You will need the book to get some of the details (starts on page 307)