1. Walter Amos Technical Manager
Wireless Telephony
Walter Amos
Technical Manager
Rufus Austin
Technical Manager
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2. Lucent Technologies Proprietary
Objectives
Evolution of Cellular Technology
Cellular Standards
Wireless Networks
Wireless Vision
Technical Degree mapping to R&D Careers
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3. Early History of Mobile Communications
UHF = Ultra High Frequency 300MHz - 3GHz
VHF = Very High Frequency 30MHz - 300MHz
Full scale cellular system to prove 1969 concept
FCC had previously approved 800 MHz operation
1975 AT&T application for Chicago Trial
1946 First commercial mobile telephone introduced in St. Louis
1920’s First mobile radio units installed in Police cars in Detroit/NYC
1950’s 11channels VHF 12 channels UHF
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
1964 Mobile Telephone Service (MTS) introduced Automatic Dialing
1930/40’s FM used for mobile radio
1983 First Commercial cellular service in Chicago
1947 AT&T proposed mobile telephone systems based on cell concept
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4. Lucent Technologies Proprietary
Early Problems
Small service area miles
High blocking rates due to low number of channels
Long wait list for service
Poor voice quality
Users could listen to each other’s calls
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5. Wireless Telephony and Interim Standards
AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System)
IS553
NAMPS (Narrow Band Amps)
IS88
TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)
IS54
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)
IS95
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6. Lucent Technologies Proprietary

7. Cellular System Architecture
Switching
Office
Trunks
Data Links
MSC
Base
Station
Cell Site
Base
Station
2nd Line
Cell Site
Residential
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8. Lucent Technologies Proprietary
Analog Cellular
Analog Cellular sets up a call on each 30 kHz Channel
30 kHz Channel
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9. Lucent Technologies Proprietary
TDMA
Dual-Mode Capability
3x the capacity of analog networks
30 kHz Channel Spacing
832 Channels
8 kbps (Full Rate Mobiles)
6 time slots per channel
2 time slots per mobile
uplink Tx
downlink Rx
3 calls per channel
30 kHz Channel
Time Slot 1
Time Slot 2
Time Slot 3
Time Slot 4
Time Slot 5
Time Slot 6
Time Slot 1
Time Slot 2
Time Slot 4
Time Slot 3
Time Slot 5
Time Slot 6
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10. Lucent Technologies Proprietary
TDMA
4 Kbps (Half Rate Mobiles)
6 time slots per channel
1 time slots per mobile
handles both uplink Tx/ downlink Rx
6 calls per channel
30 kHz Channel
Time Slot 1
Time Slot 2
Time Slot 3
Time Slot 4
Time Slot 5
Time Slot 6
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11. Lucent Technologies Proprietary
Advantages of CDMA
Spread Spectrum Analysis
1.23 MHz channel vs. 30 kHz
Each call is distinguished by a unique digital code different from others users transmitting at the same frequency band
>= 10 times the capacity of analog networks
Lower Power Terminals/Longer Battery Life
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12. Service Provider Benefits
10x capacity of analog networks
Broader Coverage Area
All frequencies can be used in each cell
SMS services
Excellent Call Quality
Multiple Technology Support
Data Services
Packet Data = PC/Cell Phone access to Internet
Circuit Mode = Fax through PC/Cell Phone
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13. Lucent Technologies Proprietary
End User Benefits
Soft Handoffs
no call degradation during handoff
Longer Battery Life
Power control varied to match strongest cell
Inherent Privacy
Built in Encryption
No I/F with hearing aids/pacemakers
Integrated Data/Voice
SMS
Low Power Mobiles
~10db less power Tx than AMPS/TDMA
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14. Lucent Technologies Proprietary

15. Cellular Networking and (IS41) Roaming
SS7 Links
STP
STP
3. Home system forwards
the call to the visiting system
2. Visiting system requests
DB info about subscriber
4. Home system kept informed
of mobile position
Voice Network 1
1. Mobile registers itself
Home
System
MSC
Visitor
System
MSC
HLR
VLR
5. The subscriber receives 1 phone
bill from home system
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16. Vendor Interconnectivity
Intelligent
Network
(SCP, SCE, SMS,
SCN, HLR, etc.)
Other Vendor
PCS MSC
Other Cellular Systems
and/or Networks
IS41-C
STP
IS41-A, B, or C
INAP: 0.1, 0.2
WIN: IS41C
IS41-A, B, or C
IS95: 0,A,JTA
IS53 / IS104
IS99
Base
Station
IS634
Feature Group D
(Equal Access)
ISUP, R1 MF, DTMF
MSC
PSTN
MSC - Mobile Switching Center
BS - Base Station
R1 MF,
DTMF
ISUP,
PRI, BRI
IS41-C
Voice
Mail
Message
Center
Service
Node
Outside Vendor Products
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17. National Interconnectivity
PCS
Cellular
SS7 Signaling Network
CTIA, Mobilink, or New
(IS41 A, B, and C)
Seamless Automatic Roaming
Registration / Authentication
Call Delivery
Handoff
System Operations
Billing (Clearing House)
Roaming Agreements
Over-the-Air Distribution
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18. Private Networks/User Zones
Public Network
(Green)
Red Virtual
Private Network
Includes All
Blue Private
Network
In-Building
In-building applications such as Wireless PBX where the wireless extension never leaves the building -- handoffs within the building only no handoff to public network and can not work outside the private network “boundaries”.
The RED application extends the inbuilding application to include a campus arrangement.
Expanding to include applications that support both the use of a single handset for both public & private business applications in both a low mobility inbuilding environment as well as when that business user becomes highly mobile.
Key Point: Both the Lucent TDMA and CDMA PCS platforms support the myriad of private & public (high and low mobility) applications required by service providers for service differentiation and revenue generation.
Examples of the types of Private/Public Networks include:
Red Private
Network
(Campus Area)
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19. Classroom to the Board Room
Product/Project Management
Systems Engineer
Software/Hardware Engineer
RF Engineer
Panel/Physical Designer
Test Engineer
Application Engineer
Field Engineer
Engineering
Computer Science
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