1. GeoAtom, OGC, and the Geospatial Enablement of Everything Joshua Lieberman, Traverse Technologies & Open Geospatial Consortium

2. Scope Georeferencing is not just measurement, but representation (geometry, scale, reference system, attribute, authority) Features are a discernment and representation of real world / geographic phenomena, but not of all reality or all knowledge. Multiple, even conflicting features may be asserted to represent a given information artifact depending on circumstances, authority, application, intention. In whatever form it is encoded, reliable metadata is critical for giving and retaining meaning in any georeferencing process. GeoRSS / GeoAtom is a Web-compatible form of geospatial “reification” which can support multiple / related feature assertions.

3. General feature Model Model presumes all is shared within an information community What if features are created and consumed by different communities? What if phenomena have already been observed for a different, non- geographic application?

4. Intention Perception Theory Discernment Application Representation Ontology upper, domain, foundation geometry, raster discovery, analysis feature, context persistence, consequence visual - aural - tactile description, navigation Machine-centric Human-centric (Geo)semantic interoperability stack

5. OGC Tools + GML & Simple Features Geometry is not the feature itself, but a property of the feature Geometry is meaningful within a defined coordinate reference system Georeferenced information is represented as “other” feature properties Observations and Measurements Separates the O&M “event” artifact from the “Feature of Interest” Links from the existing information to the georeferencing feature. Observation artifact represented as a feature, with or without a geometry property GeoRSS / GeoAtom Provides a lightweight model and encodings (XML, GML, OWL) for adding feature properties to “other” information Links from the new feature assertion to the existing information without necessarily modifying the information itself

6. OGC Service Tools WFS Gazetteer Profile Specialized feature type for Web Feature Service Update work: feature type & operations Not well suited for either relationships or metadata OGC Catalog “Intended” for metadata records ebRIM profile provides a rich relationship model and soft typing Complex filter interface for full search capabilities

7. Trust, Lies, and Metadata Meta-data is (not necessarily) objective data about data. Meta-data for a resource is (not necessarily) produced only once Meta-data must (not necessarily) have a logically defined semantics. Meta-data can (not always) be described by meta-data documents. Meta-data is (not necessarily) the digital version of library indexing systems. Meta-data is (not necessarily) machine-readable data about data....Semantic Web Metadata for e-Learning - Some Architectural Guidelines Mikael Nilsson, Matthias Palmér, Ambjörn Naeve

8. GeoRSS / GeoAtom Day job: tag news feeds and other Web resources with geographic location, for discovery and visual browsing Evening gig: “featurize” resources, a new and independent geographic view of existing information Midnight oil: news about or annotations of existing features, eventful output of Web feature servers, story graphs, links to well-known features

9. GeoRSS 1.1 Content “Featurizing” Model

10. Simple 45.256 -71.92 45.256 -110.45 46.46 -109.48 43.84 - 109.86 45.256 -110.45 46.46 -109.48 43.84 -109.86 45.256 -110.45 42.943 -71.032 43.039 - 69.856 city is-contained- within GeoRSS Examples GML 45.256 -71.92 45.256 -110.45 46.46 -109.48 43.84 -109.86 45.256 -110.45 (GeoRSS Simple maps directly onto GeoRSS GML) <rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns# xmlns="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/"> xmlns:geo="http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/geo/2007/">p://www.w3.org/2005/Incu "http://www.xml.com/xml/news.rss"> <ti XML.com http://xml.com/pub tion> XML.com features a XML.com features a rich mix of information and services for the XML community. 45.256 -71.92 <rss version="2.0" xmlns:georss="http://www.georss.org/1.0/">http://www.georss.org/1.0/ Liftoff News http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/ ov/ Liftoff to Space Exploration. en-us Tue, 10 Jun 2003 04:00:00 GMT Tue, 10 Jun 2003 09:41:01 GMT http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss Weblog Editor 2.0 rator>Weblog Editor 2.0 editor@example.com webmaster@example.com <titl Star City http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/news/2003/news-starcity.asp.nasa.gov/news/2003/n How do Americans get ready to work with Russians aboard thes aboard the International Space Station? They t International Space Station? They take a crash course in culture, language and protocol at Russia's Star City. Tue, 03 Jun 2003 09:39:21 GMT http://liftoff.msfc.nasa.gov/2003/06/03.html#item573 45.256 -71.92 <feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom xmlns:georss="http://www.georss.org/1.0/">> Example Feed</ Example Feed 2003-12-13T18:30:02Z Z <aut John Doe urn:uuid:60a76c80-d399-11d9-b93C-0003939e0af6 Atom-Powered Robots Run Amok urn:uuid:1225c695-cfb8-4ebb-aaaa-80da344efa6a 4ebb-aaaa-80da344efa6a <upd 2003-12-13T18:30:02Z Some text. 45.256 -71.92

11. CGDI “Update” Entry Update to Brisbane placename feature John Doe http://www.johndoe.com jdoe@johndoe.com l> update"/> <category scheme ="http://www.geobase.ca/feat a/action" term="update"/> <ca l="http://www.geobase.ca/lin.."/> <link rel="http:// ebb-aaaa- 80da344efa6a"/> <link rel="alte urn:uuid:1225c695-cfb8-4ebb-aaaa-80da344efa6b urn:uuid:1225c695-cfb8-4ebb-aaaa-80 2003-12-13T18:30:02Z Update of Brisbane placename feature Update of Brisbane placename Extended description of update action 143.5165125 -42.13445 poslist>143.5165125 -42.13445</g Update to Brisbane placename feature John Doe http://www.johndoe.com jdoe@johndoe.com l> update"/> <category scheme ="http://www.geobase.ca/feat a/action" term="update"/> <ca l="http://www.geobase.ca/lin.."/> <link rel="http:// ebb-aaaa- 80da344efa6a"/> <link rel="alte urn:uuid:1225c695-cfb8-4ebb-aaaa-80da344efa6b urn:uuid:1225c695-cfb8-4ebb-aaaa-80 2003-12-13T18:30:02Z Update of Brisbane placename feature Update of Brisbane placename Extended description of update action 143.5165125 -42.13445 poslist>143.5165125 -42.13445</g

12. Thoughts Application matters: index, search, visualization, analysis, money Georeference is assertion: trust, authority, time-space validity, diversity Sense of place: culturally applicable representation, local usage, general understanding Multiple service levels: simple authorities vs. rich Web mining