1. Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

2. Determinants of Health 2 Fig. 2-1. Determinants of health. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

3. Health Disparities Factors and Conditions Leading to Health Disparities  Race, ethnicity, and culture Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 3

4. Health Disparities 4 Fig. 2-2. Percent of adults (based on ethnicity) in the United States who have no regular doctor. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

5. Health Disparities Factors and Conditions Leading to Health Disparities, continued  Geographic location  Income, education, and occupation 5 Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

6. Health Disparities Factors and Conditions Leading to Health Disparities, continued  Gender  Age  Health care provider attitude 6 Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

7. Health Disparities 7 Fig. 2-3. Older Asian women are especially at risk for health disparities. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

8. Health Disparities Impact of Health Disparities on Health 8 Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

9. Culture 9 Table 2-2. Basic Characteristics of Culture. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

10. Culture 10 Fig. 2-4. Members of this family share a common heritage. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

11. Cultural Competence 11 Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

12. Cultural Diversity in the Health Care Workplace 12 Fig. 2-5. Nurses working together in a multicultural health care environment. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

13. Cultural Diversity in the Health Care Workplace 13 Fig. 2-6. Co-workers from different cultures communicate with verbal and nonverbal cues. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

14. Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health Care Folk Healers Spirituality and Religion Cross-Cultural Communication 14 Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

15. Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health Care Family Roles and Relationships 15 Fig. 2-7. Family roles and relationships differ from one culture to another. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

16. Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health Care Personal Space Touch Nutrition Immigrants and Immigration 16 Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

17. Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health Care 17 Fig. 2-8. Recently arrived immigrants participate in a common American pastime. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

18. Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health Care Medications Psychologic Factors 18 Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

19. Nursing Management: Reducing Health Disparities and Increasing Cultural Competency Nurse’s Self-Assessment Patient Assessment 19 Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

20. Nursing Management: Reducing Health Disparities and Increasing Cultural Competency Nursing Implementation  Advocacy 20 Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

21. Nursing Management: Reducing Health Disparities and Increasing Cultural Competency 21 Fig. 2-9. A Navajo nurse instructs a Navajo patient. Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

22. Nursing Management: Reducing Health Disparities and Increasing Cultural Competency Nursing Implementation, continued  Standardized guidelines  Communication 22 Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.