1. Newark Desalination Facility

2. ACWD Service Area Union City South Bay Aqueduct (DWR) Fremont Newark
HWY 92 C
Well Fields
Union City
CREEK
HAYWARD FAULT
DRY
Hetch-Hetchy (SFPUC)
ALAMEDA
South Bay Aqueduct (DWR)
San Francisco Bay
CREEK
COYOTE
I-680
HILLS
Alameda County Water District currently utilize 3 sources of supply
1. ACWD purchases water from the Department of Water Resources. Water is conveyed via the South Bay Aqueduct, shown here in GREEN. South Bay Aqueduct Water is treated at two water treatment plants shown here in PURPLE.
2. ACWD is a suburban customer of San Francisco Public Utilities Commission Water is conveyed via the Hetch-Hetchy system, shown here in RED.
The remaining supply consists of local groundwater. This water is pumped from two wellfields shown here in BLACK.
In summary, the District imports approx. 55% of its supply from DWR, 30% from Hetch Hetchy and 15% from local runoff.
Fremont
HWY 84
I-880
Water Treatment Plants
San Jose
San
Francisco
Oakland
Walnut
Creek
San Francisco Bay
Location Map
Fremont
Newark
miles
0.5 1

3. ACWD Water Supply Planning
ACWD Integrated Resources Planning Study (1995) identified key issues for ACWD:
Dry year water supply reliability
System production capacity
Water quality (hardness)

4. IRP Recommended Strategy and Implementation Status
Item
Status
Water Conservation
All cost-effective BMPs are being implemented
Off-site Water Storage
150,000 AF of groundwater banking secured at Semitropic (1996, 2001)
Enhanced Local
Conjunctive Use
Quarry Lakes recharge pits rehabilitation completed (1996)
Recycled Water
Joint ACWD/Union Sanitary District feasibility studies completed
Brackish GW Desalination
Phase 1 (5 MGD) facility in operation
(2003)

5. Niles Cone Groundwater Basin and Aquifer Reclamation Program

6. Niles Cone Groundwater Basin

7. Brackish Groundwater Desalination Concept

8. Brackish Groundwater Desalination Benefits
Water Supply
New source of supply
Firm source of supply
Water Production
Provides new source of production to distribution system
Water Quality
High quality water
Helps meet district’s hardness goals
Reliability of Local Control
Provides water source west of Hayward Fault
Does not rely on outside sources

9. 1998 - Pilot Tests Performed
Findings
ARP water has low membrane fouling potential & requires minimal pretreatment
Low pressure membranes performed well and will meet WQ Objectives
RO Concentrate met NPDES discharge requirements

10. DESALINATION FACILITY
2001 – Designs Finalized
ACWD Service Area
HWY 92 C
Union City
CREEK
HAYWARD FAULT
DRY
San Francisco Bay
ALAMEDA
DARVON WELLFIELD
CEDAR WELLFIELD
CREEK
COYOTE
Fremont
I-680
HILLS
Desal Facility $12.2 M
HWY 84
I-880
Well Upgrades $ 1.3 M
DESALINATION FACILITY
Newark
Supply and
Discharge Pipelines $ 6.7 M
Total : $20.2 M
miles
0.5 1

11. Concentrate Discharge
Final Discharge Location
Flood control channel
discharges to San Francisco Bay (approximately 2500 ft from Desal, 20,000 ft from San Francisco Bay)
Discharge Monitoring is conducted regularly to ensure that the concentrate stream is not negatively impacting the environment
SHOW MAP OF WHERE PLUMMER CREEK IS.. FOR A SENSE OF HOW FAR AWAY FROM THE BAY IT IS BEING DISCHARGED

12. Projected Annual Operating Cost: $ 241/Ac-Ft
LABEL CHART WITH CATEGORY NAME

13. Summary – What Have We Learned?
Desalination provides ACWD cost-effective local supply
Improved water quality
Public acceptance – favorably received
Cost comparable with other supplies
Most challenging aspects included:
Discharge permit
Construction in an urbanized area
Future challenges include:
Regulatory changes regarding discharge
Future energy costs uncertain

14. End of Presentation

15. NPDES Permit Requirements for Desal
Conduct Self-Monitoring Program:
On a monthly basis:
Perform Acute Toxicity Testing on Concentrate– static renewal bioassay using 2 test species: three-spine stickleback and either rainbow trout or fathead minnow.
Sample Concentrate for -
Total Dissolved Solids, Dissolved Oxygen, Chlorides, Conductivity, pH, Temperature, Salinity and Total Metals (i.e., Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Magnesium, Mercury, Nickel, Selenium, Silver and Zinc).

16. Flood Control Channel Discharge Issues
Concentrate Water Quality
Salinity
Trace Metal Concentrations
Habitat Impacts
Sensitive Species
Vegetation
Permit Acquisition
Regional Water Quality Control Board NPDES Permit to Discharge
Calif Dept of Fish & Game Streambed Alteration Permit to Construct Outfall

17. Permit Acquisition Approach
Identify Major Stakeholders and their concerns
California Regional Water Control Board (RWQCB)
United States Fish and Wildlife Services (USFWS)
California Department of Fish and Game (CDF)
Conduct feasibility & technical studies (i.e., pilot work & water quality analysis)
Conduct vegetative biotic surveys to confirm habitat species

18. Projected Concentrate Discharge Water Quality
Specific Constituents of Concern
RWQCB
Fresh Water Quality Objectives (ug/L)2
Projected Concentrate Discharge (ug/L)
Selenium 5
2.8 – 4.6
Copper
38.7
19.9 – 32.8
Chromium VI 11
ND1
Nickel
509
3.3 – 5.5
Zinc
343
24.2 – 40.1
1 Non Detect (Chromium VI is not naturally occurring and typically present when
total chromium values are elevated. Projected total chromium = ug/l)
2 Calculated values assuming a hardness = 400 mg/l

20. Water Quality Objectives
RO Permeate (Potable) Water Quality
TDS <100 mg/l
Hardness < 10 mg/l
Finished Water Quality
Hardness <150 mg/l
Non-corrosive
Good Tasting Water
Concentrate Water Quality
pH 6-9
Non-toxic
Meet NPDES Permit Requirements

21. Future Related Projects
Wellfield Treatment Facility
Purpose: Demineralize well water and reblend w/ well and SFPUC Water
Impact: Lower hardness, improve protection and operating flexibility
Date: 2006
Newark Desal Facility Expansion
Purpose: Additional production; blended with well water
Impact: Lower, more uniform hardness, increase reliability
Date: 2009
CUT – INSERT CONCENTRATE DISPOSAL ALTERNATIVES PRESENTATION HERE ..FORMAT TO LOOK LIKE THIS PRESENTATION!