1. New Borders and the Arab- Refugee Problem War of Independence  Naqba

2. Causes Nov. 1947 The UN decision on Partition: –Jewish State –Jerusalem as international city under UN –Arab State Arabs against partition

4. Stages Stage One - Nov. 29 1947—May 15 1948 “Civil War” under the Mandate Begins with Arab attacks in Jerusalem War on roads all over Palestine USA retreats from Partition, for temporary UN Trusteeship May 14 1948 The British leave Palestine

5. Stage Two May 15 1948—January 7 1949 May 15 1948 Declaration of the State of Israel Invasion of Arab military forces: Egypt Jordan Iraq Lebanon Syria Historic debates about the balance of powers Jan. 7 1949 end of military actions April 1949 First Armistice Agreement-Jordan July 1949 Last Armistice Agreement - Syria

7. Territorial Outcomes Jewish State larger than designed No Palestinian state Territories designed for Palestinian state Annexed by: Israel Jordan – West Bank Egypt – Gaza Strip

8. Demographic Outcomes Before the war Total population 1947 – 2,000,000 Jewish 650,000 Arab1,350,000 Anticipated in Partition-Israel Jews in Israel(60%) 650,000 Arabs in Israel(40%) 450,000 Total 1,100,000 Arabs in the Palestinian state 900,000

9. Following the War ► Arab refugees700,000 ►  more than half of the Arab population  To Arab countries ► The Historic debate about the causes ► Remaining Arabs in Israel160,000  Rate of Arabs in Israel 1949 14% ► December 11 1949 UN Resolution 194  The Right of Return