1. © Crown copyright Met Office An Introduction to Linux PRECIS Workshop, University of Reading, 23rd – 27th April 2012

2. © Crown copyright Met Office What is Linux Installing Linux Directory structure Demonstration Useful websites Contents

3. © Crown copyright Met Office Tux the penguin, mascot of Linux http://www.linux.org/ A form of the Unix operating system. Created by Linus Torvalds. Freely downloadable from the internet. What is Linux?

4. © Crown copyright Met Office Installation of Linux openSUSE Insert Linux DVD and start up computer Installation instructions are in the PRECIS technical manual section 2.3 List of software needed is in the PRECIS manual section 2.5 http://www.opensuse.org/

5. © Crown copyright Met Office Organisation of Linux systems H/W Users & Apps Shell Commands & Utils Kernel

6. © Crown copyright Met Office Directory structure / bindevhome dir1dir2 rootusr

7. © Crown copyright Met Office Demonstration…

8. © Crown copyright Met Office command [options] [arguments] (what to do) (how to do it) (what to do it with) at least one space

9. © Crown copyright Met Office Navigating the file system cd Change Directory cd home/dir1 to get to the dir1 directory cd.. to go up one directory (parent directory) cd $HOME or cd ~ to navigate back to your personal directory no matter where you are cd - goes to the former working directory pwd Print Working Directory to display the path of the current directory

10. © Crown copyright Met Office List directory contents ls Lists files and directories ls -a lists all files, including hidden ones. ls -l displays the file list in long format, including file details like size, time stamp, and owner. ls -F adds / after the name for directories, an * for executables, and @ for linked files. ls -r reverses the sort order (alphabetic or time). ls -t sorts the list by the time each file was created.

11. © Crown copyright Met Office Copying and renaming files cp Copy cp file1 file2 makes a copy of file1 in same directory cp file1 /dir2/ makes a copy of the file in dir2 mv To move or rename files mv file1 file001 to rename file1 to file 001 mv file001 dir2 to move file001 into dir2

12. © Crown copyright Met Office Creating and deleting files and directories Files touch newfile.dat makes a new empty file or updates the time and date stamp on an existing file. rm file1 removes the file. Directories mkdir dir3 makes a new directory. rmdir -r dir1 deletes the directory and the r flag is used to delete everything underneath it.

13. © Crown copyright Met Office Useful shortcuts… ls e* lists all files that start with e ls *pdf lists all files that end in pdf ls file?.dat will list files such as file1.dat and file7.dat but will not list file001.dat * ? To copy double click with left mouse button and paste by pressing middle mouse button. Control + A to go to beginning of typed line. Control + E to go to the end of typed line. Control + K deletes the line. ctrlK ctrlE ctrlA

14. © Crown copyright Met Office Other Basic Commands catConcatenate and display lessCan move through a file when viewing it manManual touchMakes a new file clearClears the terminal screen emacsEditor picoEditor viEditor acroreadAcrobat Reader

15. © Crown copyright Met Office Some useful websites Doctor Bobs Lowfat Linux http://lowfatlinux.com/ http://lowfatlinux.com/ Getting started with Linux http://www.linux.org/lessons/beginner/toc.html http://www.linux.org/lessons/beginner/toc.html Unix Tutorial for beginners http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Teaching/Unix/index.html http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Teaching/Unix/index.html

16. © Crown copyright Met Office Questions