1. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 1/19 The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Nuclear Power 06.12.2011

2. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 2/19 FISSION 1.Fission Mechanism, Spontaneous Fission 2.Neutron-Induced Fission, Chain Reaction 3.Nuclear Energy

3. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 3/19 FISSION 1.Fission Mechanism, Spontaneous Fission 2.Neutron-Induced Fission, Chain Reaction 3.Nuclear Energy

4. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 4/19 Fission Mechanism: fission barrier spherical nucleus

5. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 5/19 Spontaneous Fission: Fissility (derivation: Demtröder 4, p.164) surface: Coulomb: spontaneous fission: fissility: spontaneous fission: or example: : … deformation Bethe-Weizsäcker-formula

6. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 6/19

7. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 7/19 FISSION 1.Fission Mechanism, Spontaneous Fission 2.Neutron-Induced Fission, Chain Reaction 3.Nuclear Energy

8. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 8/19 Neutron-Induced Fission 1934Enrico Fermi:new elements by impact of neutrons on Uranium β-active products 1939F. Straßmann, Lise Meitner, O. Hahn: - discovered Barium as one of these products => fission:

9. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 9/19 Neutron-Induced Fission neutron target fissioning nucleus 6.95.4-1.5 6.65.7-0.9 even number of neutrons => => fission by motionless neutrons 5.36.00.7 4.86.51.7 odd number of neutrons => => fission by kinetic neutrons Plutonium Uranium

10. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 10/19 Neutron-Induced Fission: Fission Fragments minimum: maximum:

11. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 11/19 Chain Reaction

12. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 12/19 Chain Reaction chain reaction: since, a multi- plicative effect can occur number of neutrons will be multiplied reaction rate incrases

13. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 13/19 Chain Reaction: Multiplication Factor supercritical regime chain reaction sub-critical regime no chain reaction critical regime constant reaction dependency: - -non fissioning absorbtion -diffusion -… -mass (k=1 => critical mass)

14. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 14/19 FISSION 1.Fission Mechanism, Spontaneous Fission 2.Neutron-Induced Fission, Chain Reaction 3.Nuclear Energy

15. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 15/19 Nuclear Energy exothermic nuclear reactions: –α-decay: –fission: energy release for : … sum of the kinetic energies of the fission fragments

16. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 16/19 Binding energy per nucleon B/A(240) = 7.6MeV B/A(120) = 8.5MeV

17. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 17/19

18. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 18/19 Picture Credits http://www.zamandayolculuk.com/cetinbal/nuclearchemistry.htm A.Junghans http://frank.mtsu.edu/~phys3110/Syllabus/Examples/CH_11/EX_11_V II/ex_11_vii.html W. Demröder: (Springer, Heidelberg, 1998) Kern-, Teilchen- und Astrophysik 4 http://www3.mpch-mainz.mpg.de/~elbert/geschichte.htm J.Grehn, J.Krause: (Schroedel Verlag, Hannover, 1998) Metzler Physik http://clautechonolgyblog.wordpress.com/ http://thushararadioactivity.blogspot.com/ J.L.Basdevant, J.Rich, M. Spiro: (Springer, Heidelberg, 2005) Fundamentals in Nuclear Physics http://www.nucleonica.net/wiki/images/d/d4/NuclideChart.pdf

19. The Fission Mechanism And Nuclear Energy Philipp Büttner 19/19 References J.L.Basdevant, J.Rich, M. Spiro: (Springer, Heidelberg, 2005) Fundamentals in Nuclear Physics – From nuclear structure to cosmology W. Demröder: (Springer, Heidelberg, 1998) Kern-, Teilchen- und Astrophysik 4 Horst Hänsel / Werner Neuman: (Spektrum, Akad. Verl., Heidelberg, Berlin, Oxford, 1995) Physik – Atome, Atomkerne, Elementarteilchen Dr. Arnd Junghans (Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiation Physics)