1. Junior History Civil Rights Review

2. Civil Rights-Political economic and social rights guaranteed under the constitution Civil Rights-Political economic and social rights guaranteed under the constitution Dwight Eisenhower- President that sent troops to Little Rock Arkansas to enforce federal law integrating schools Dwight Eisenhower- President that sent troops to Little Rock Arkansas to enforce federal law integrating schools Martin Luther King- Civil rights leader that believed the best way to bring about change was through non-violent protests Martin Luther King- Civil rights leader that believed the best way to bring about change was through non-violent protests

3. Bobby Seale and Huey Newton- Founders of the Black Panthers Bobby Seale and Huey Newton- Founders of the Black Panthers James Meredith- Black student initially refused admittance to the University of Mississippi James Meredith- Black student initially refused admittance to the University of Mississippi Little Rock Central High School- Site where 9 black students were enrolled and attended an all white school enforced by federal troops Little Rock Central High School- Site where 9 black students were enrolled and attended an all white school enforced by federal troops

4. Segregation- Separation of the races Segregation- Separation of the races Governer Faubus- Arkansas governor that refused admittance to the 9 Little Rock Students Governer Faubus- Arkansas governor that refused admittance to the 9 Little Rock Students Rosa Parks- refused to give up her seat on a Montgomery Alabama bus leading to boucott Rosa Parks- refused to give up her seat on a Montgomery Alabama bus leading to boucott

5. Boycott- refusal to buy goods or use a service Boycott- refusal to buy goods or use a service NAACP- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People NAACP- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People SCLC-Southern Christian Leadership Conference SCLC-Southern Christian Leadership Conference

6. SNCC- Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee SNCC- Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee Sit-in Sit-in When Blacks were refused service at the lunch counters they refused to leave just sitting at the counters until police removed them When Blacks were refused service at the lunch counters they refused to leave just sitting at the counters until police removed them

7. Malcolm X- Leader of the more militant movement of the Civil Rights Movement Malcolm X- Leader of the more militant movement of the Civil Rights Movement Muhammed Ali- Boxing champion that lost his title to refusing to join the service because of Muslim beliefs Muhammed Ali- Boxing champion that lost his title to refusing to join the service because of Muslim beliefs Core- Congress of Racial Equality Core- Congress of Racial Equality

8. Black Panthers- Militant civil rights organization led by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale that used any means to improve rights and promoted social assistance in the black communities Black Panthers- Militant civil rights organization led by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale that used any means to improve rights and promoted social assistance in the black communities Carl Stokes- First black mayor of a major city in Cleveland Carl Stokes- First black mayor of a major city in Cleveland Richard Hatcher- Black Mayor of Gary Richard Hatcher- Black Mayor of Gary

9. MFDP-Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party-Represented blacks in the south at the Democratic convention MFDP-Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party-Represented blacks in the south at the Democratic convention George Wallace- Alabama Governor that with state troops tried to prevent integration of the University of Alabama George Wallace- Alabama Governor that with state troops tried to prevent integration of the University of Alabama James Earl Ray- Assassinated Martin Luther King James Earl Ray- Assassinated Martin Luther King

10. Freedom Riders- Students that toured the south bringing attention to the racial inequalities at bus stations and bus riding Freedom Riders- Students that toured the south bringing attention to the racial inequalities at bus stations and bus riding Elijah Mohammed- leader of the Nation of Islam ( Black muslims) Elijah Mohammed- leader of the Nation of Islam ( Black muslims) “I have A Dream”- Speech by Martin Luther King about his picture of the future with racial equality “I have A Dream”- Speech by Martin Luther King about his picture of the future with racial equality

11. Medgar Evers- NAACP regional spokesman that was killed on his front porch in Jackson Mississippi Medgar Evers- NAACP regional spokesman that was killed on his front porch in Jackson Mississippi Emmitt Till- Young Chicago boy that was killed for speaking to a white woman while visiting relatives in Money, Mississippi Emmitt Till- Young Chicago boy that was killed for speaking to a white woman while visiting relatives in Money, Mississippi Black Power- Cry for Blacks achieving opportunity in the political process Black Power- Cry for Blacks achieving opportunity in the political process

12. What did the court case of Plessy vs Ferguson of 1896 say and how did Brown vs Board of Education change the decision? Plessy made segregation legal as long as there were facilities for both races, in Brown vs Board of Education the court said that separate was inherently unequal and overturned Plessy making segregation illegal Plessy made segregation legal as long as there were facilities for both races, in Brown vs Board of Education the court said that separate was inherently unequal and overturned Plessy making segregation illegal

13. Compare the Approaches of MLK and the Black Panthers The methods of MLK were non-violent and included boycotts, marches, sit-ins speeches and protests while the Black Panthers were willing to press the issue with violence and intimidation as well as rallys The methods of MLK were non-violent and included boycotts, marches, sit-ins speeches and protests while the Black Panthers were willing to press the issue with violence and intimidation as well as rallys

14. Describe how blacks were kept out of the political process in the south Poll taxes, literacy tests, intimidation, lynching Poll taxes, literacy tests, intimidation, lynching