1. Nathaniel Hawthorne “…and in its beauty,--which is not merely outward, but deep as its whole system,--is represented the intellect, the imagination, the sensibility, the soul of an Artist of the Beautiful!”

2. 1804 - 1821 Hawthorne was born on July 4, 1804 in Salem, Massachusetts His father, Nathaniel Hathorne was a sea captain and died in 1808 of yellow fever After his father died, his mother Elizabeth Clarke Manning Hathorne lived in seclusion until her death. Nathaniel and his 2 sisters moved to live with other relatives On November 10, 1813 was hit on the leg while playing baseball and became lame He was then sent to Bowdoin College in 1821 where he was educated for 4 years thanks to his uncle. Here he met Franklin Pierce and they became good friends.

3. 1821 - 1842 1821-25: Studied at Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME 1825: Returned to Salem Independently tried to perfect the art of writing via reading fiction 1828: After FANSHAWE, so embarrassed that he tried to destroy all copies 1839-1840: Employed at the Boston Custom House 1841: Resident at agricultural co-operative Brookhollow Far 1842: Married Sophia Peabody Works Published Dring this Period: –1828. Fanshawe. –The Hollow of the Three Hills. –An Old Woman’s Tale. –1832: My Kinsman, Major Molineux –1832: Roger Malvin’s Burial –1835: Young Goodman Brown –1837: Twice-Told Tales

4. 1842 - 1864 1842 – Married Sophia Peabody, had three children, Una, Rose, and Julian Hawthorne settled in Transcendentalist country, Concorde, MA Was friends with other transcendentalists – Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau Lived in England for 4 years as U.S. Consul, in Italy for 1 ½ years Wrote The Blithedale Romance, Tanglewood Tales for Boys and Girls, Artist of the Beautiful, Mosses from an Old Manse, The House of Seven Gables, and The Scarlet Letter Finished Our Old Home before his death on May 19, 1864.

5. Brook Farm and Transcendentalism An experimental communal living from 1841- 1847 175-acre farm located in West Roxbury, Mass Directed by George Ripely, a leader in the Transcendental Club An american literary, political, and philosophical movement of the 19 th century. Rejected religion, individual intuition was more important. Centered around Ralph Waldo Emerson.

6. “Issues” for Hawthorne Father died when he was 4 Deeply affected by his mother’s death in July 1848 Wanted to disassociate himself with the name “Hathorne” because of his family’s past with the Salem witch trials In 1819 went back to Salem for school and complained of homesickness Temporarily “lame” for a year although doctors said nothing was wrong Lost his job due to the change of administration in Washington in 1848 His writing could not always support him and his wife