1. 1865-1900

2.  Steel-made by purifying iron ore.  Bessemer Process- blast air into molten iron to burn off impurities (makes steel)  Expensive to purify until the Bessemer Process

3.  Andrew Carnegie brought the Bessemer Process to America  Created U.S. Steel  Lowered the cost of steel from $100/ton to $12/ton in 1873  U.S.A. was built on steel (skyscrapers, railroads, bridges, etc)

4. RAILROADAIRPLANES  Transcontinental Railroad  6 years to lay track from San Francisco to Omaha  Union Pacific started in Omaha and headed west  Central Pacific started in SF and headed east  Met near Ogden, Utah  Drove a golden spike to unite the tracks  Wright Brothers  1903- 1 st powered, sustained and controlled airplane flight  Kitty Hawk, NC

5.  Automobiles  Only affordable for rich in early 1900s  Henry Ford made affordable for working class  Assembly line decreased cost.  Ford perfected the assembly line; he didn’t come up with the idea

6. OILELECTRICITY  John D. Rockefeller  Standard Oil  Refined oil in Cleveland, OH  Increase demand for oil in U.S.  Cars  Kerosene for lamps  Thomas Edison  Invented the light bulb  Bamboo filament  His invention changed the way we live.  How would your daily life be different if you didn’t have electric lights?

7.  Telephone  Invented by Alexander Graham Bell  Obtained a patent in 1876  1 st thing said on the phone, “Mr. Watson, come here”.