1. © 2011 National Safety Council THE HUMAN BODY LESSON 3 3-1

2. © 2011 National Safety Council The Human Body Composed of many different organs and tissues All parts work together -To sustain life -Allow activity Injury or illness impairs functions 3-2

3. © 2011 National Safety Council Primary Areas of the Body 3-3

4. © 2011 National Safety Council Cardiovascular System: Primary Organs Heart Blood Blood vessels 3-4

5. © 2011 National Safety Council Cardiovascular System: Primary Functions Transports blood to lungs -Delivers carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen Transports oxygen and nutrients to all parts of body Helps regulate body temperature Helps maintain body’s fluid balance 3-5

6. © 2011 National Safety Council Cardiovascular System: Emergencies Any condition that affects respiration -Reduces ability to deliver oxygen Severe bleeding -Shock Stroke -Reduces blood flow to part of the brain Heart conditions -Reduce tissue oxygenation Heart attack -Can lead to cardiac arrest Ventricular fibrillation -Heart muscle flutters rather than pumping blood 3-6

7. © 2011 National Safety Council Nervous System: Primary Organs Brain Spinal cord Sensory receptors Nerves 3-7

8. © 2011 National Safety Council Nervous System: Primary Functions Sensory receptors gather information about environment and send to brain Brain integrates and analyzes information Nerve signals from brain lead to actions throughout body to accomplish tasks or maintain homeostasis 3-8

9. © 2011 National Safety Council Nervous System: Emergencies Head and spinal injuries -Can have serious/life-threatening effects Injury to part of brain or stroke -May destroy or impair one or more functions Damage to spinal cord -May cause complete loss of function to body area or paralysis Altered mental status from: -Head injuries -Any injury causing decreased oxygenation -Sudden illness (e.g., stroke, seizure, diabetes) -Severe infection or fever -Poisoning or drug overdose 3-9

10. © 2011 National Safety Council Musculoskeletal System: Primary Organs Bones Muscles Ligaments Tendons 3-10

11. © 2011 National Safety Council Bones: Primary Functions Provide body shape and support Protect vital organs Produce blood cells Act as levers to allow joint movement 3-11

12. © 2011 National Safety Council Muscles: Primary Functions Skeletal muscles attach to bones and allow movement Produce body heat Perform pumping action of heart and work of breathing 3-12

13. © 2011 National Safety Council Musculoskeletal System: Emergencies Fractures Dislocations Sprains Strains 3-13

14. © 2011 National Safety Council Integumentary System Skin Nails Hair Accessory structures -Sweat glands -Oil glands 3-14

15. © 2011 National Safety Council Integumentary System: Primary Functions Protects body Helps regulate body temperature Helps prevent water loss Removes some body wastes Produces Vitamin D Sensation (e.g., touch, pressure, pain, temperature) 3-15

16. © 2011 National Safety Council Integumentary System: Emergencies Cuts and scrapes -Common causes of bleeding Openings in skin -Allow pathogens into body Heat and chemical burns -Loss of body heat -Loss of body fluid 3-16

17. © 2011 National Safety Council Lymphatic and Immune System Helps defend against disease Part of immune system Problems seldom cause emergencies Always take precautions against infection Tetanus vaccine provides protection 3-17

18. © 2011 National Safety Council Endocrine System Glands that produce hormones Most problems develop slowly and are rarely emergencies Imbalances may cause diabetic emergencies 3-18

19. © 2011 National Safety Council Urinary System Blood transports wastes to kidneys Kidneys filter wastes and produce urine 3-19

20. © 2011 National Safety Council Urinary System continued Traumatic injury may damage organs -Look for blood in urine Health problems -May cause change in urination Dehydration -Lack of urination 3-20

21. © 2011 National Safety Council Reproductive System Female Produces eggs Supports and nurtures fetus in uterus Childbirth Lactation Male Produces and transports sperm 3-21