1. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Chapter 1 Nursing Foundations

2. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Nursing in Islam: Nursing in Qur'an and Sunnah. 1.“ heal the breasts of believers ” وَيَشْفِ صُدُورَ قَوْمٍ مُؤْمِنِينَ Tawba -14 2. “ and a healing for the diseases in your hearts ” وَشِفَاءٌ لِمَا فِي الصُّدُورِ Yonos – 57 3.“ we send down stag by stage in the Qur'an and that which is a healing and a mercy to those who believe” Israa – 82 وَنُنَزِّلُ مِنَ الْقُرْآَنِ مَا هُوَ شِفَاءٌ وَرَحْمَةٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ “ 4. “and when I am ill, it is He who curs me ” وَإِذَا مَرِضْتُ فَهُوَ يَشْفِينِ Shoaara – 80

3. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins And there are many statements of our prophet. Muhammad (PBUH) related to this subject example: –Our God create treatment for every disease some people know it and some of them don’t. –Seek for treatment and medical help. –Moslem women and nursing in Islam. –The first nurse in Islam (world). Rufida as the first nurse in Islam,

4. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Nursing In Palestine: 1) Turkish era ( 1517 – 1917). 2) British mandating (1921 -1948). 3) Jordanian and Egyptian control (1948 – 1967) : West bank : August Victoria nursing school, saint john, saint Luke's. Gaza strip: Christian missionary school, shifa, and Baptist school.

5. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 4)Israeli occupation: Caritas nursing school, Makassed Islamic. Charitable hospital, Ibin-sina,al Itehad, Bethlehem university nursing college, and, Qualified school of nursing 5) Palestinian national authority: Falooja college of nursing, Military nursing school, Nursing college at IUG, Palestine college of nursing, Department of nursing at CCAST and al- Azhar university and others.

6. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Nursing Origins Youngest profession but oldest art During the Middle Ages in Europe Schism between King Henry VIII and the Catholic Church

7. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins The Nightingale Reformation The Crimean War Nightingale’s contributions 1)Training people for future work. 2)Selecting those with upstanding character. 3)Improving sanitary conditions for sick and injured. 4.Reducing death rate of British soldiers. 5.Providing classroom assistance and clinical teaching. 6.Advocating nursing education should be lifelong

8. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Question Is the following statement true or false? Florence Nightingale advocated that nursing education should be lifelong.

9. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Answer True. Florence Nightingale advocated that nursing education should be lifelong because of technological advances, to demonstrate competence and ensure the public’s confidence, and to practice according to current nursing standards.

10. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Contemporary Nursing Combining nursing art with science –Art: "Ability to perform an act skillfully ". –Science:" Body knowledge unique to particular subject". Integrating the nursing theory –Nursing theories and application

11. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Contemporary Nursing (cont’d) Defining nursing oFlorence Nightingale "Putting The Individuals In The Best Possible Condition For Nature To Restore And Preserve Health ". oVirginia Henderson oAmerican Nurses Association

12. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Factors that influence choice of nursing program : 1.Career goals 2.Geographic location of schools 3.Costs involved 4.Length of program 5.Reputation and success of graduate 6.Flexibility of course scheduling

13. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins The Educational Ladder 1.practical or vocational nursing. 2.Registered nursing. 3.Graduate nursing programs. 4.Continuing education.

14. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins The Educational Ladder (cont’d) Registered nurse (cont’d) –Baccalaureate program oGreatest flexibility in qualifying for nursing positions oPreferred in areas requiring substantial independent decision making

15. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins The Educational Ladder (cont’d) –Graduate nursing program oMaster’s-prepared nurses: clinical specialist, nurse practitioner, administrator, educator oDoctoral degree: conduct research; advise, administer, and instruct nurses pursuing graduate and undergraduate degrees

16. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins The Educational Program (cont’d) –Continuing education oPlanned learning experience beyond the basic nursing program oRationale for acquiring continuing education

17. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Unique Nursing Skills 1.Assessment skills Acts that involve collecting data oInterviewing, observing, examining client and family; reviewing client’s medical record; obtaining facts from other health care workers

18. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Unique Nursing Skills (cont’d) 2)Caring skills  Nursing intervention that restore or maintain a person's health. Assisting with ADLs Safe care of clients who require invasive or highly technical equipment Helping client become self-reliant

19. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 3)Counseling skills –Communicating with client –Actively listening –Offering pertinent health teaching –Providing emotional support –Using therapeutic communication techniques –Clarify client’s perspective –Teach clients: promote healing processes, staying well, preventing illness, and carrying out ADLs Unique Nursing Skills (cont’d)

20. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Counseling skills (cont’d) Empathy: "Intuitive awareness of what the patient is experiencing". Sympathy:" Feeling as emotionally distraught as the patient". 4)Comforting skills –Interventions Provide stability and security during a health-related crisis Unique Nursing Skills (cont’d)

21. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Unique Nursing Skills (cont’d) 4)Comforting skills –Interventions Provide stability and security during a health-related crisis.