2. Catholic [Counter] Reformation Caused by Protestantism? Caused by pre-existing reform movements apart from Protestantism?

3. A. End of the Renaissance 1.Rome sacked in 1527 2.HRE sacked the city 3.Soldiers pillaged 4.Many saw this as God ’ s punishment for Renaissance Pope ’ s corruption

4. B. Pope Paul III (1534) 1.Attacked Church corruption 2.Reasserted Papal authority 3.Authorized reforming Religious Orders 4.Held Council of Trent

5. C. New Religious Orders 1.Ursuline Order of Nuns (1544) Combat heresy through education 2.Sacred Congregation of the Holy Order (1542) Established Roman Inquisition Reigned in the Papal States

6. 3.Jesuits (Society of Jesus) (1540) Founded by Ignatious Loyala

7. Military in approach Spiritual Exercises: Highly disciplined! Meant as training ground for missionaries and leaders of the Catholic reform movement Oversaw Spanish and Italian (Roman) Inquisitions

8. D. Index of Prohibited Books List of spiritually ‘ harmful ’ books Led to book burnings Contributed to the ‘ witch-hunt ’ mentality

9. E. Council of Trent Met 3 times (1545-1563) Established Catholic Doctrine that will last for 4 centuries Eliminated many corruptions –Indulgences redefined –Simony, nepotism, etc reduced or eliminated

10. Doctrines upheld 1.Scripture + Tradition + Writings of Church Fathers 2.Salvation by faith and good works 4.7 Sacraments 5.Transubstantiation 6.Purgatory upheld 7.Clergy Celibacy 8.Monasticism okay 3. Seminary schools developed to teach proper Catholic doctrine

11. Seminary schools developed to teach ‘ proper ’ Catholic doctrine