1. From the Corporal Works of Mercy to Board Certification From the Corporal Works of Mercy to Board Certification National Association of Catholic Chaplains Kansas City, Missouri March 16, 2004 Chaplain Mary E. Johnson Mayo Clinic Rochester, Minnesota

2. The look in his eyes when they met your eyes revealed the man’s soul. His renewing sympathy restored your confidence in yourself. Just to speak to him made you feel better. You knew he was listening to you and that he understood you. The look in his eyes when they met your eyes revealed the man’s soul. His renewing sympathy restored your confidence in yourself. Just to speak to him made you feel better. You knew he was listening to you and that he understood you. DeChardin’s Biographer

3. Although science is a powerful tool the kind of knowledge science conveys is not the only kind of knowledge there is. The other essential kind of knowledge involves our humanity.

4. The way in which our humanity is brought to bear on our relationships with patients who hope for more than we can give is an important, and most often more important, than if the offering of a pretended science. Martin Adson, MD Emeritus Professor of Surgery Mayo Clinic

5. The hospital chaplain walks between two worlds: religion and medicine… Often these worlds are complementary; sometimes they are in conflict. Always their interaction requires careful exploration. The hospital chaplain walks between two worlds: religion and medicine… Often these worlds are complementary; sometimes they are in conflict. Always their interaction requires careful exploration. Holst, Lawrence, Hospital Ministry, Crossroads, 1985.

6. Corporal Works of Mercy To feed the hungry, To give drink to the thirsty, To clothe the naked, To visit the imprisoned, To shelter the homeless, To visit the sick, To bury the dead.

7. Modern Ministry Ground Rules We are called in the context of the community of faith. We are called in the context of the community of faith.

8. Modern Ministry Ground Rules We are called in the context of the community of faith. We are called in the context of the community of faith. We go to where the people are. We go to where the people are.

9. Modern Ministry Ground Rules We are called in the context of the community of faith. We are called in the context of the community of faith. We go to where the people are. We go to where the people are. We meet each one at her/his particular point of need. We meet each one at her/his particular point of need.

10. Modern Ministry Ground Rules We are called in the context of the community of faith. We are called in the context of the community of faith. We go to where the people are. We go to where the people are. We meet each one at her/his particular point of need. We meet each one at her/his particular point of need. We respect and accept each one. We respect and accept each one.

11. Modern Ministry Ground Rules We are called in the context of the community of faith. We are called in the context of the community of faith. We go to where the people are. We go to where the people are. We meet each one at her/his particular point of need. We meet each one at her/his particular point of need. We respect and accept each one. We respect and accept each one. We advocate for the weak and the disenfranchised. We advocate for the weak and the disenfranchised.

12. Modern Ministry Ground Rules We are called in the context of the community of faith. We are called in the context of the community of faith. We go to where the people are. We go to where the people are. We meet each one at her/his particular point of need. We meet each one at her/his particular point of need. We respect and accept each one. We respect and accept each one. We advocate for the weak and the disenfranchised. We advocate for the weak and the disenfranchised. We advocate for the restoration of autonomy. We advocate for the restoration of autonomy.

13. Modern Ministry Ground Rules We are called in the context of the community of faith. We are called in the context of the community of faith. We go to where the people are. We go to where the people are. We meet each one at her/his particular point of need. We meet each one at her/his particular point of need. We respect and accept each one. We respect and accept each one. We advocate for the weak and the disenfranchised. We advocate for the weak and the disenfranchised. We advocate for the restoration of autonomy. We advocate for the restoration of autonomy. We are faithful. We are faithful.

14. 18 35.5 45 75 80 Prehistoric 1789 1900 1980 1998 Life Expectancy (Years)

15. Biomedical Discoveries Analgesia Analgesia Sterile Technique Sterile Technique Penicillin Penicillin The Structure of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) The Structure of Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) Life-Sustaining Technologies Life-Sustaining Technologies The Human Genome Project The Human Genome Project

16. Biomedical Discoveries Analgesia (2100BC) Analgesia (2100BC)

17. Morphine “perfusa papavera” may still be useful in pain control in inducement of “laetheo somno,” a sleep that may soften troubles and discomforts and allow one to forget unpleasant facts.

21. Surely the more you carry on your studies and research the more you come to recognize that suffering is a mystery which is inseparably joined to the human condition. Even though every morally legitimate effort must be made to relieve and eliminate physical pain, nonetheless we are acutely aware that suffering in a wider sense will always accompany man as he travels through this world. In deed, it can be a means of his salvation. Pope John Paul II, 1987, Forward to Advances in Pain Therapy and Research, Vol. 14.

22. Biomedical Discoveries Analgesia Analgesia Sterile Technique (1860) Sterile Technique (1860)

23. Sterile Technique Crimean War (1854) revealed primitive sanitation methods Florence Nightingale’s efforts at teaching sterile technique greatly reduced mortality among the sick and wounded

24. Biomedical Discoveries Analgesia Analgesia Sterile Technique Sterile Technique Penicillin (1930) Penicillin (1930)

25. Penicillin First observed in 1928 by Sir Alexander Fleming Kills or inhibits bacterial growth Has been successfully used to treat such deadly diseases as endocarditis, septicimia, gas gangrene, gonorrhea and scarlet fever

27. Biomedical Discoveries Analgesia Analgesia Sterile Technique Sterile Technique Penicillin (1930) Penicillin (1930) The Structure of DNA (1953) The Structure of DNA (1953)

28. Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) The genetic material of all cellular organisms Carries the information needed for the cell to do its work First described by Watson and Crick in 1953 in the journal, Nature Helps with diagnosis and with development of new treatments

31. Biomedical Discoveries Analgesia Analgesia Sterile Technique Sterile Technique Penicillin (1930) Penicillin (1930) The Structure of DNA (1953) The Structure of DNA (1953) Life-Sustaining Technologies (1960’s - present) Life-Sustaining Technologies (1960’s - present)

32. Life - Sustaining Technologies Dialysis Platinum Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) Transplantation

34. Biomedical Discoveries Analgesia Analgesia Sterile Technique Sterile Technique Penicillin (1930) Penicillin (1930) The Structure of DNA (1953) The Structure of DNA (1953) Life-Sustaining Technologies (1960’s - present) Life-Sustaining Technologies (1960’s - present) The Human Genome Project (1989-2003) The Human Genome Project (1989-2003)

35. The Human Genome Project Alfred Sturtevant created the first Drosophila gene map in 1911 Begun in 1986, completed in April, 2003 Between 30,000 and 40,000 human genes

37. The Human Genome Project “It’s a history book--a narrative of the journey through time. It’s a shop manual, with an incredibly detailed blueprint for building every human cell. And it’s a transformative textbook of medicine, with insights that will give health care providers immense new powers to treat, prevent and cure disease.” Francis Collins, MD

38. Modern Ministry Challenges Spiritual distress

39. Modern Ministry Challenges Spiritual distress Going to where the people are

40. Modern Ministry Challenges Spiritual distress Going to where the people are The discovery of needs

41. Modern Ministry Challenges Spiritual distress Going to where the people are The discovery of needs Respect and acceptance

42. Modern Ministry Challenges Spiritual distress Going to where the people are The discovery of needs Respect and acceptance Advocacy

43. Modern Ministry Challenges Spiritual distress Going to where the people are The discovery of needs Respect and acceptance Advocacy Faithfulness

44. You heal sometimes; you relieve often; you comfort always. You heal sometimes; you relieve often; you comfort always. Camus