1. Nationalism The Twilight of Romanticism

2. Outside European Mainstream Poland, Bohemia, Norway, Denmark, Russia People desired political freedom and cultural expression Composers with limited training most likely to build harmonies and sounds of folk music in their works. Nationalist music is the blending of folk and art music

3. Bedrich Smetana 1824-1884 First Bohemian with international reputation Father master brewer in service to Count Waldstein Smetana public debut 6 14- school in Prague Music life of Prague vibrant

4. Bedrich Smetana Father recalled him from Prague to finish his schooling Eked out living as a piano teacher 1848 Prague Revolution – helped man the barricades and wrote patriotic marches

5. Bedrich Smetana 1856 taught in Sweden 1859 Austrians defeated by Napoleon III – return to Prague Slow to achieve recognition – Liszt Nationalist operas starting 1863 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XDjE6H5HqWk

6. Antonin Dvorak 1841-1904 Father was butcher and inn-keeper Encouraged Antonin in music 18 violinist of Czech theater of Prague New World Symphony http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuqyfEyNXQo

7. Edvard Greig 1843-1907 Norway’s Greatest Composer Mother taught piano when he was 6 Entered Leipzig conservatory and studied with Mendelssohn and Schumann

8. Edvard Greig Peer Gynt Suite http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lfJELhPIYQI

9. Carl Nielsen 1865-1931 Denmark Six symphonies violinist http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHiu2FPnLBg

10. Russia Serfdom Peter the Great – opened Russia to the West. Italian opera and western music flowered in St. Petersburg and in Moscow By the second half of 18C Russians were tired of anything missing the Russian spirit Mikhail Glinka – Father of Russian music

11. Mikhail Glinka 1804-1857 Considered the father of Russian music Government official Composed as a hobby Life for a Tsar One of “The Five” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Df3i3srpFLo

12. Alexander Borodin 1833-1887 Scientist Polovtsian Dances from Prince Igor More than five years to complete One of “The Five” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TmfTqVqngO8

13. Mily Balakirev 1837-1910 King Lear – incidental music; Islamey piano concerto Self appointed leader of “The Five” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bz_iA8TSDtI

14. Modest Musorgsky 1839-1881 Struggled to complete operas Boris Godunov, Khovanshina R.K. and Shostokovich finished them Avoided Western influence

15. Modest Musorgsky Pictures at an Exhibition is most recognized work Family had both nobility and serfs 1861 serfs liberated- M had to take on civil jobs – difficulty Died at 42 in military alcoholism http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FsvpFU7KY7E

16. Peter Tchaikovsky 1840-1893 Embraced Western influence, learned from Rubinstein Criticized by “the five” Most recognized works were ballet Swan Lake Waltz http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CShopT9QUzwhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CShopT9QUzw Sleeping Beauty Waltz http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Sb8WCPjPDshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Sb8WCPjPDs Dance of the Sugarplum fairy http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wz_f9B4pPtghttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wz_f9B4pPtg

17. Peter Tchaikovsky Swan Lake, Sleeping Beauty, The Nutcracker

18. Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov 1844-1908 Parents realized he was gifted musically Learned piano at 6 Naval Academy Scheherazade One of “The Five” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17lEx0ytE_0