1. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 1 Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs) Submission Title: [Use Cases, Applications, and Requirements for BANs] Date Submitted: [January 17, 2007] Source: [Carlos Cordeiro] Company [Philips] Address [345 Scarborough Rd., Briarcliff Manor, NY 10562] Voice: [+1 914-945-6091], FAX: [+1 914-945-6330], E-Mail: [Carlos.Cordeiro@philips.com] Re: [In response to Call for BAN Use Cases and Applications] Abstract:[This presentation illustrates key use cases, applications and technical requirements for BAN.] Purpose:[To provide information on BAN use cases, applications and technical requirements.] Notice:This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. Release:The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.

2. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 2 Outline Introduction Applications Use Cases Requirements for BANs –Application –Technical Conclusions

3. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 3 Introduction BAN is about providing a unified and scalable (in terms of data rate, power, number and density of nodes) solution for connectivity in, on and around the body –Enables the convergence of sensors/actuators, wireless communication and healthcare/consumer devices –Towards the connected consumer experience A BAN standard must: –Provide the pathway to achieve the required scalability and low power goals –Provide the necessary QoS, coexistence, security, network management, SAR compliance and reliability needed by the envisioned applications A BAN standard must address healthcare applications –Many upcoming applications from both professional and consumer arenas “Wireless applications that improve the lives and quality of service to cardiac patients represent only the first wave in what will be an ever- exploding field” 1 –Consumer electronic (CE) applications should also be considered 1 N. Ansari et al, “Wireless technology advances and challenges for telemedicine,” IEEE Comm. Magazine, vol. 44, no. 4, April 2006.

4. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 4 BAN Applications Convergence of healthcare and CE applications towards the connected consumer experience Healthcare –Implantable medical devices Cancer tracking, cardiac pacemakers / defibrillators, neurostimulators, drug pumps, glucose sensor, etc. –Swallowable Pills for drug delivery and imaging –Wearable sensors EEG, ECG, blood pressure, body temperature, … –Hearing aids –Wellness / Fitness sensors –Baby care CE –Wearable audio & Video stream –Remote control & I/O devices E.g., Imaging Source: G. Haubrich (Medtronic, Inc.), “Wireless Applications in Healthcare: Wireless Telemetry for Active Implantable Medical Device (AiMD) Systems,” IEEE Spectrum Webcast, Nov. 30, 2006.

5. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 5 BAN Applications Implanted Body-worn Backbon e

6. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 6 Use Case: Drug Delivery Pill travels in the gastro- intestinal tract and is in periodic wireless communication to an external unit near the body Pill lifetime is between 8-72 hours Communication range is between 1 and 3 meters

7. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 7 Use Case: Drug Delivery Patient at home –Pill reports actions and sensor data to portable unit every few seconds or minutes –Possibly more than one pill in the patient –Can not guarantee portable unit is within range Pill may store data and download when portable unit is found Patient in research clinic or hospital –Multiple patients on a clinical ward –Pill reports actions and sensor data –Possible central external unit talking to and commending several pills Data rate –Generally low: status and simple sensor (e.g., pH) measurements taken on the order of every minute –Exception: use of an image sensor where images are taken and transmitted Commercial products exist with data rates as high as 800 Kbps

8. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 8 Use Case: Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) A treatment of neurological diseases and conditions by an implanted brain pacemaker that stimulates different regions of the brain with electrical impulses Implanted Pulse Generator (IPG) Leads Electrodes Source: Medtronic, Inc.

9. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 9 Use Case: Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) The IPG needs to –Communicate wirelessly with an external unit –Communicate wirelessly with an electrode controlling unit Requirements –Data rate between 128 Kbps and 320 Kbps –BER < 10 -10 –Stand-by power < 0.1 mW –Lifetime between 3 to 5 years –Range less than 3m

10. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 10 Use Case: Tumor Growth, Treatment Based on sensed data by implanted devices, doctors can change a patient’s treatment or even recalibrate the implanted device 1 Doctors can decide when it is the right time to take the next step in a patient’s treatment Requirements –Data rate < 20 Kbps in most cases –Range < 3m –BER < 10 -10 1 See: “ MIT implant measures tumor growth, treatment”, Dec. 4, 2006

11. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 11 Use Case: Glucose Level Monitor In patients with diabetes, a body-worn glucose monitor analyzes the level of glucose in the body If the glucose level surpasses a desirable value, the glucose monitor informs the patient and, if appropriate, communicates with the implanted insulin pump to release the right amount of insulin Data rate in the order of 1 Kbps

12. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 12 Use Case: Healthcare and CE (1) While doing exercise, one could use the same personal device (e.g., MP3 player, cellular phone, etc.) to: –Stream music to a wireless headset –Receive and display sensing data such as heart rate, glucose level, body temperature, speed, distance, etc. Information sensed can be used to set the pace for the rider If an abnormal event is detected, an alarm is sent from the personal device to the wireless headset

13. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 13 Use Case: Healthcare and CE (2) User carries a mobile device (e.g., cellular phone) which controls and displays a number of features: –Sensors: body temperature, glucose level, heart rate, etc. –Streaming to wireless headset –Remote control (e.g., the PDA, personal CD player, etc.) Mobile device is also used as a gateway to send remote patient monitoring data to a central database where it can be accessed by the patient’s physician Scalable data rate (up to 10Mbps) and power consumption (up to 40mW) requirements

14. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 14 Summary of Some Application Requirements ApplicationTarget data rateLatencyBER Drug Delivery< 16 Kbps< 250 ms< 10 -10 Deep Brain Stimulation < 320 Kbps< 250 ms< 10 -10 Capsule Endoscope1 Mbps-< 10 -10 ECG192 Kbps (6 Kbps, 32 channels) < 250 ms< 10 -10 EEG86.4 Kbps (300Hz sample, 12-bit ADC, 24 channels) < 250 ms< 10 -10 EMG1.536 Mbps (8kHz sample, 16-bit ADC, 12 channels) < 250 ms< 10 -10 Glucose level monitor < 1 Kbps< 250 ms< 10 -10 Audio1 Mbps< 20ms< 10 -5 Video / Medical imaging < 10 Mbps (e.g., Standard Video) < 100ms< 10 -3 Voice50 – 100 Kbps per flow< 10ms< 10 -3

15. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 15 Some Technical Requirements RequirementProposed Range Operating spaceIn, on, or around the bodyUp to 3 m Data rateScalableUp to 10Mbps Target bandsUnlicensed and Medical approved bandsMICS, MEDS, ISM Device duty cycleScalableUp to 100%  For example, between 0.001-1% in stand-by mode up to 100% in fully active mode Peak Power consumption ScalableUp to 40mW  For example, between 0.01-0.1mW in stand-by mode up to 40mW in fully active mode  Ability to be switched-off completely CoexistenceCoexistence with legacy devices, primaries, and self-coexistence  Simultaneous nearby operation of hundreds devices belonging to different BANs SecurityHighAuthentication, privacy, encryption, etc. SafetyHighMeet regulation requirements for SAR TopologyMultiple simultaneous linksTens of simultaneous links, no single point of failure, and multi-hop support Network SetupRequiredSecure and under a few seconds Location information DesirableLocalization within a radius of a few centimeters

16. doc.: IEEE 802.15-07-0564 Submission January 2007 Carlos Cordeiro, PhilipsSlide 16 Conclusions We have introduced a set of applications, use cases, and technical requirements that BAN networks must satisfy –These must be accounted for in the BAN PAR and 5C Existing IEEE 802 standards do not address the requirements of all these envisioned BAN applications and use cases Healthcare applications should be addressed by any new BAN standard –However, CE applications should also be considered