1. What do you remember about DNA?
D.N.A Objective: SWBAT review the role of DNA and RNA in order to explain the the relationship between genes and protein
What do you remember about DNA?
Think about….
Structure
Function
Building blocks
Base-pairing

2. CONGRATULATIONS! 87% 1A Average: Summa Cum Laude: Magna Cum Laude:
Nathaniel, Da’Quan
Dontashia, Tabitha

3. CONGRATULATIONS! 83% 2A Average: Summa Cum Laude: Magna Cum Laude:
Ayanna, Danielle Holmes, Breahn, Carlos, Kayla
Melissa, Kristina, Danielle Harley, JP, Cindy, Rodney, Paris, DeJohn

4. Structure
The structure of DNA is called a …
Double Helix

5. Function What is the function of DNA? (what is it’s job?)
To store and transmit genetic information
Where is the DNA located in the cell?
The nucleus!

6. Building Blocks What are the building blocks of DNA? Nucleotides
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
Deoxyribose sugar
Phosphate Group
Nitrogen-Containing Base

7. Base-Pairing What are the 4 bases found in DNA? Thymine Adenine
Cytosine
Guanine
What base pairs with what?
T = A
C = G

8. Suppose you want to design and build a house
Suppose you want to design and build a house. How would you communicate your design plans with the construction crew that would work on the house?

9. How do we make proteins from DNA?
DNA vs. RNA
How do we make proteins from DNA?

10. How does DNA express our genes?
The process of taking instructions from DNA and making proteins is genetic expression
PROBLEM!
DNA cannot leave the nucleus of the cell…..but we need to build the proteins OUTSIDE the nucleus…
What are some possible solutions?

11. The Solution
A copy of a piece of DNA is made that can travel outside of the nucleus
To do this, the cell uses RNA

12. DNA vs. RNA
Similarities: DNA and RNA are both nucleic acids made of __________________
Differences:
nucleotides
DNA
RNA
The sugar is called:
__________________
DNA has ___ complimentary strand meaning it is:
RNA is transcribed into a
4 Nitrogen Bases:
4 Nitrogen Bases
deoxyribose
ribose 2
double stranded
single stranded
A – T
G – C
A – Uracil
G – C

13. Protein Synthesis (TO MAKE, BUILD)
Our bodies need proteins in order to function correctly. There are two cellular processes in charge of making proteins:
Transcription: Using DNA to make mRNA (Messenger RNA)
Translation: Using mRNA to make proteins
01. ________ ___________ __________
04. _____________ ___________
DNA
mRNA
Protein
TRANSCRIPTION
TRANSLATION

14. Transcription: DNA is made into mRNA.
Occurs in the nucleus.
mRNA (messenger RNA) is copy of DNA that will leave the nucleus to take the instructions out to a ribosome

15. Practice with Transcription
Let’s practice transcription! I’ll give you one strand of DNA, and you complete the complementary strand of RNA.
(Remember, in RNA replace T with U)
DNA strand: ATT AGG CCG GAT TAG CCT ATT
RNA strand: UAA UCC G

16. LET’S PRACTICE!
If the DNA strand was A C T G A C T A, the mRNA sequence would be ____________________.
If the DNA strand was G C A C C T A T, the mRNA sequence would be ____________________.
If the mRNA was A U U A A G C A, the DNA strand would be ___________________.
If the mRNA strand was G G C C G U A A, the DNA strand would be __________________.
U G A C U G A U
C G U G G A U A
T A A T T C G T
C C G G C A T T

17. Let’s Practice Take 5 minutes to complete the practice problems
Compare answers with partner

18. Check for Understanding
What is the first step in creating proteins?
Transcription
What organelle does it take place in?
Inside the nucleus
During this transcription, DNA is made into ____
mRNA
Why does DNA need to be “transcribed into mRNA?
So that the instructions can leave the nucleus
When converting DNA into an RNA strand, thymine is replaced with _________
Uracil (U)