1. Freshwater Resources 12.1 Fresh water is an essential resource. 12.2
CHAPTER
NEW CHAPTER
Freshwater Resources
the BIG idea
Fresh water is a limited resource and is essential for human society.
12.1
Fresh water is an essential resource.
12.2
Society depends on clean and safe water.
12.3
Water shortages threaten society.
CHAPTER OUTLINE
CHAPTER RESOURCES

2. Fresh water is an essential resource.
12.1
Fresh water is an essential resource.
Fresh water is essential for life and is used for many human activities.
irrigation
aquaculture
farming
dam
lock
industry
transportation and recreation
fisheries and aquaculture
energy
living organisms
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE

3. 12.1 irrigation Fresh water is an essential resource.
aquaculture
The process of supplying water to land to grow crops.
dam
lock
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

4. 12.1 aquaculture Fresh water is an essential resource.
irrigation
aquaculture
aquaculture
The science and business of raising and harvesting fish in a controlled situation.
dam
lock
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

5. 12.1 dam Fresh water is an essential resource.
irrigation
dam
aquaculture
A structure that holds back and controls the flow of water in a river or other body of water.
dam
lock
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

6. 12.1 lock Fresh water is an essential resource.
irrigation
lock
aquaculture
A section of a waterway, closed off by gates, in which the water level is raised or lowered to move ships through.
dam
lock
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

7. Society depends on clean and safe water.
12.2
Society depends on clean and safe water.
Water is treated for safe drinking.
concentration
sewage system
Water is drawn from a river or lake.
Water is treated.
Water is stored and distributed.
septic system
point-source pollution
nonpoint-source pollution
See a water treatment plant in action.
VISUALIZATION
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE

8. Society depends on clean and safe water.
12.2
Society depends on clean and safe water.
Pollution can harm the water supply.
Water is treated for safe drinking.
concentration
sewage system
septic system
point-source pollution
nonpoint-source pollution
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE

9. 12.2 concentration Society depends on clean and safe water.
sewage system
The amount of a substance (the solute) that is contained in another substance (the solvent) at a given temperature, often expressed as parts per million or parts per billion. An example is sugar dissolved in water.
septic system
point-source pollution
nonpoint-source pollution
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

10. 12.2 sewage system Society depends on clean and safe water.
concentration
sewage system
sewage system
A system that collects and treats wastewater from a city or a town.
septic system
point-source pollution
nonpoint-source pollution
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

11. 12.2 septic system Society depends on clean and safe water.
concentration
septic system
sewage system
A small sewage system, often for one home or business, that uses an underground tank to treat wastewater.
septic system
point-source pollution
nonpoint-source pollution
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

12. point-source pollution
12.2
Society depends on clean and safe water.
concentration
point-source pollution
sewage system
Pollution that enters water from a known source.
septic system
point-source pollution
nonpoint-source pollution
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

13. nonpoint-source pollution
12.2
Society depends on clean and safe water.
concentration
nonpoint-source pollution
sewage system
Pollution with a source that is hard to find or scattered.
septic system
point-source pollution
nonpoint-source pollution
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

14. Water shortages threaten society.
12.3
Water shortages threaten society.
Drought and overuse can cause water shortages.
drought
desalination
Lake Chad has shrunk over the past 30 years.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE

15. Water shortages threaten society.
12.3
Water shortages threaten society.
Drought and overuse can cause water shortages.
drought
Americans use an average of 168 liters per person each day.
desalination
shower 21%
tap 12%
bath 9%
dish washing 3%
toilet leaks 5%
toilet flushes 29%
washing machine 21%
SOURCE: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE

16. Water shortages threaten society.
12.3
Water shortages threaten society.
Drought and overuse can cause water shortages.
drought
Americans use an average of 168 liters per person each day.
desalination
Review past water usage and try to determine how long the water in an aquifer will last.
VISUALIZATION
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
SECTION
OUTLINE

17. 12.3 drought Water shortages threaten society.
desalination
A long period of abnormally low amounts of rainfall.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

18. 12.3 desalination Water shortages threaten society.
drought
desalination
desalination
The process of removing salt from ocean water. Desalination is used to obtain fresh water.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

19. 12.1 Fresh water is an essential resource.
I. Fresh water is an essential resource.
irrigation
A. Fresh water supports life.
aquaculture
B. Most human activities require water.
dam
1. Farming
lock
2. Industry
3. Transportation and Recreation
4. Fisheries and Aquaculture
5. Energy
C. Dams and other structures alter rivers.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

20. Society depends on clean and safe water.
12.2
Society depends on clean and safe water.
II. Society depends on clean and safe water.
concentration
A. Treatment makes water safe for drinking.
sewage system
1. Quality Standards
septic system
2. Treatment of Drinking Water
point-source pollution
B. Wastewater is treated and released.
1. Sewage System
nonpoint-source pollution
2. Septic System
C. Water pollution comes from many sources.
D. Water pollution can be prevented.
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

21. Water shortages threaten society.
12.3
Water shortages threaten society.
III. Water shortages threaten society.
drought
A. Water shortages are a global problem.
desalination
B. Overuse can cause water shortages.
C. Fresh water can be conserved.
1. The Need for Conservation
2. Conservation Practices
D. People can balance water needs and uses.
1. Shortages
2. Pollution
CHAPTER
RESOURCES
3. New Sources
KEY CONCEPT
SUMMARY

22. Image Gallery Click on the icons to see a larger image or animation.
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Image Gallery
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See a water treatment plant in action.
VISUALIZATION
Review past water usage and try to determine how long the water in an aquifer will last.
VISUALIZATION

23. Image Gallery CHAPTER HOME farming industry
transportation and recreation
fisheries and aquaculture
energy
living organisms
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