1.  Fraud refers to a criminal act.  Abuse is a civil violation where criminal intent cannot be proven  In the case of surveys, it appears falsification is an abuse of trust.

2.  Data Mining  Development of specific statistical models (which reflect particular behaviors)  Baseline distribution (Spike Models)  Peer Comparison  Link Analysis (geographical, professional, beneficiary)  Sampling

3.  Organizations have entire departments devoted toward finding fraud.  Subject Matter experts  Investigators  CMS has a fraud detection unit with over 100 statistical models that are run frequently.